OBJECTIVE: To determine the carrier rate for thalassemia mutations in the ethnic Miao population of Qianxinan Prefecture. METHODS: Ethnic Miao people suspected for thalassemia trait at the People's Hospital of Qianxinan Prefecture, Guizhou Province between November 2020 to September 2024 were selected as the study subjects. Gap-PCR technology combined with high-throughput sequencing was used to screen a total of 666 individuals. ArcMap v10.8.2 was used to create a spatial distribution map of thalassemia based on the screening results. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the hospital (Ethics No.: 2016-01). RESULTS: In total 254 positive cases were detected, with an overall positive rate of 38.14%. Among these, 173 cases were α-thalassemia (25.98%), 77 cases were β-thalassemia (11.56%), and 4 cases were αβ compound thalassemia (0.60%). The most common genotypes for α-thalassemia were αα/--^SEA (positive rate = 10.06%, accounting for 38.73%), αα/-α^3.7 (positive rate = 8.86%, accounting for 34.10%), and α^CSα/αα (positive rate = 4.95%, accounting for 19.08%). The most common genotypes for β-thalassemia were β^41/42(-TTCT)/β^A (positive rate = 5.11%, accounting for 44.16%) and β^{17 (A>T)}/β^A(positive rate = 4.20%, accounting for 36.36%), with these two genotypes accounting for as much as 80.52%. The spatial distribution map indicated that the highest overall detection rate of thalassemia and α-thalassemia in the Miao population of Qianxinan Prefecture was in Xingyi City. The highest detection rate of β-thalassemia was in Zhenfeng County, and the highest detection rate of αβ compound thalassemia was in Wangmo County. CONCLUSION The detection rate of thalassemia among the ethnic Miaos from Qianxinan Prefecture is relatively high, which primarily consisted of α-thalassemia. Regular monitoring and educational outreach should be conducted.
Humans ; China/ethnology* ; Female ; Male ; Genetic Testing ; Adult ; alpha-Thalassemia/genetics* ; Thalassemia/ethnology* ; Ethnicity/genetics* ; Genotype ; beta-Thalassemia/ethnology* ; Adolescent ; Mutation ; Middle Aged ; Child ; Asian People/genetics* ; Young Adult

Objective:To analyze effect of miR-532-3p on macrophage polarization in rats with chronic kidney disease(CKD)through targeted inhibition of Notch1 signal pathway.Methods:A total of 75 SD rats were divided into control group,CKD group,ago-NC group,ago-miR-532-3p group and FLI-06 group,except for control group,CKD models were constructed and corresponding plas-mids and inhibitors were injected,control group and CKD group were replaced with same amount of normal saline.Serum creatinine(Scr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-10 were measured by ELISA,HE staining and Masson staining were used to observe renal tissue pathology and renal fibrosis in rats,flow cytometry was used to detect CD11c+and CD206+of macrophages,miR-532-3p expression in rat kidney tissue was detected by qRT-PCR,Notch1 protein was detected by Western blot;target binding of miR-532-3p to Notch1 was determined by double luciferase reporter gene.Results:Structure of glomerulus,renal tubules and epithelial cells was complete,cell boundaries were clear,and cells were arranged neatly in control group;glomerular epithelial cell necrosis,mesangial matrix,glomerulosclerosis,inflammatory cell infiltration and renal fibrosis were increased in CKD group;compared with CKD group,damage degree of glomerulus and tubules,inflammatory infiltration cells and renal fibrosis degree in ago-miR-532-3p group and FLI-06 group were reduced;compared with control group,serum Scr,BUN,TNF-α,IL-1β,proportion of CD11c+,CD11c+/CD206+and Notch1 protein expression in macrophages of renal tissue were increased,serum IL-10 level,CD206+and miR-532-3p in renal tissue were decreased(P<0.05);compared with CKD group,serum Scr,BUN,TNF-α,IL-1β,proportion of CD11c+,CD11c+/CD206+and Notch1 protein expression in macrophages of renal tissue in ago-miR-532-3p group and FLI-06 group were decreased,serum IL-10 level,CD206+and miR-532-3p in renal tissue were increased(P<0.05);miR-532-3p targeted Notch1,and overexpression of miR-532-3p inhibited Notch1 protein expression.Conclusion:Promoting expression of miR-532-3p protects kidney tissue of CKD rats by inhibiting Notch1 pathway,which may be due to regulating polarization of macrophages.

Objective:To analyze effect of miR-532-3p on macrophage polarization in rats with chronic kidney disease(CKD)through targeted inhibition of Notch1 signal pathway.Methods:A total of 75 SD rats were divided into control group,CKD group,ago-NC group,ago-miR-532-3p group and FLI-06 group,except for control group,CKD models were constructed and corresponding plas-mids and inhibitors were injected,control group and CKD group were replaced with same amount of normal saline.Serum creatinine(Scr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-10 were measured by ELISA,HE staining and Masson staining were used to observe renal tissue pathology and renal fibrosis in rats,flow cytometry was used to detect CD11c+and CD206+of macrophages,miR-532-3p expression in rat kidney tissue was detected by qRT-PCR,Notch1 protein was detected by Western blot;target binding of miR-532-3p to Notch1 was determined by double luciferase reporter gene.Results:Structure of glomerulus,renal tubules and epithelial cells was complete,cell boundaries were clear,and cells were arranged neatly in control group;glomerular epithelial cell necrosis,mesangial matrix,glomerulosclerosis,inflammatory cell infiltration and renal fibrosis were increased in CKD group;compared with CKD group,damage degree of glomerulus and tubules,inflammatory infiltration cells and renal fibrosis degree in ago-miR-532-3p group and FLI-06 group were reduced;compared with control group,serum Scr,BUN,TNF-α,IL-1β,proportion of CD11c+,CD11c+/CD206+and Notch1 protein expression in macrophages of renal tissue were increased,serum IL-10 level,CD206+and miR-532-3p in renal tissue were decreased(P<0.05);compared with CKD group,serum Scr,BUN,TNF-α,IL-1β,proportion of CD11c+,CD11c+/CD206+and Notch1 protein expression in macrophages of renal tissue in ago-miR-532-3p group and FLI-06 group were decreased,serum IL-10 level,CD206+and miR-532-3p in renal tissue were increased(P<0.05);miR-532-3p targeted Notch1,and overexpression of miR-532-3p inhibited Notch1 protein expression.Conclusion:Promoting expression of miR-532-3p protects kidney tissue of CKD rats by inhibiting Notch1 pathway,which may be due to regulating polarization of macrophages.

Objective:To observe the recurrence condition of hepatitis B in different risk groups after liver transplantation in an attempt to provide useful information on whether to discontinue hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) in the future at an early stage.Methods:The patient population was divided into high, low-risk, and special groups [especially primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)] according to the guidelines for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation. The recurrence condition and risk factors in this population were observed for hepatitis B. Measurement data were analyzed using a t-test and a rank-sum test. Count data were compared using a χ2 test between groups. Results:This study finally included 532 hepatitis B-related liver transplant cases. A total of 35 cases had HBV recurrence after liver transplantation, including 34 cases that were HBsAg positive, one case that was HBsAg negative, and 10 cases that were hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA positive. The overall HBV recurrence rate was 6.6%. The recurrence rate of HBV was 9.2% and 4.8% in the high- and low-risk HBV DNA positive and negative groups before surgery ( P = 0.057). Among the 293 cases diagnosed with HCC before liver transplantation, 30 had hepatitis B recurrence after surgery, with a recurrence rate of 10.2%. The independent related factors for the recurrence of hepatitis B in patients with HCC after liver transplantation were HCC recurrence ( HR =181.92, 95% CI 15.99~2 069.96, P < 0.001), a high postoperative dose of mycophenolate mofetil dispersible tablets (MMF) ( HR =5.190, 95% CI 1.289~20.889, P = 0.020), and a high dosage of HBIG ( HR = 1.012, 95% CI 1.001~1.023, P = 0.035). Among the 239 cases who were non-HCC before liver transplantation, five cases (recurrence rate of 2.1%) arouse postoperative hepatitis B recurrence. Lamivudine was used in all cases, combined with on-demand HBIG prophylaxis after surgery. There was no hepatitis B recurrence in non-HCC patients who treated with entecavir combined with HBIG after surgery. Conclusion:High-barrier-to-resistance nucleotide analogues combined with long-term HBIG have a good effect on preventing the recurrence of hepatitis B after liver transplantation. The discontinuation of HBIG may be considered at an early stage after administration of a high-barrier-to-resistance nucleotide analogue in low-risk patients. Domestically, the HBV infection rate is high, so further research is still required to explore the timing of HBIG discontinuation for high-risk patients, especially those with HCC.

This study aims to investigate the function of lmo2363 gene in stress resistance of Liste-ria monocytogenes strain LM83-1.In this study,the lmo2363 gene deletion strain and complement-ation strain of Listeria monocytogenes were constructed using overlapping extended PCR and ho-mologous recombination techniques,and the growth ability,stress survival rate and biofilm forma-tion ability of wild,deletion strain and complementation strain were compared under different stress environments.lmo2363 gene deletion strain and complementation strain of Listeria monocy-togenes were successfully constructed in this experiment.The growth curves showed that the growth capacity of the deletion strain was weaker than the wild strain LM83-1 under 4 ℃,7％NaCl,10％NaCl,3.5％ethanol,4.0％ethanol and pH5 stress(P＜0.001).The results of stress survival test showed that the survival rate of the deletion strain was significantly lower than the wild strain after 1 h treatment with pH3 and 10 mmol/L H2 O2 stress(P＜0.010).The biofilm forming ability of the deletion strain was decreased compared with that of the wild strain(P＜0.050).This study confirmed that lmo2363 gene mediated the adaptation of LM to low temperature,high osmotic pressure,ethanol and acid stress environment and affected the formation of LM bio-film.This study laid a foundation for further exploring the function of lmo2363 gene in the stress resistance process of Listeria monocytogenes.

Objective To investigate the potential categories of exercise perception in patients with end-stage renal disease(ESRD),and analyze the relationship between different latent categories and change in physical activity,so as to provide references for targeted intervention.The latent profile analysis was used to extract potential categories of exercise perception,and multiple linear regression analysis was conducted with potential categories as independent variables and change in physical activity as dependent variables.Methods A total of 265 ESRD patients from a tertiary hospital were selected from June 2022 to May 2023 by convenience sampling method.The general data questionnaire,the Dialysis Patient-perceived Exercise Benefits and Barriers Scale(DPEBBS)and the Measuring Change in Physical Activity Questionnaire(MCPAQ)were used for investigation.Results A total of 241 ESRD patients completed the survey.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level,family per capita monthly income and potential categories of exercise perception were the influencing factors of change in physical activity in ESRD patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion There was group heterogeneity in the exercise perception in patients with ESRD.Clinical workers should give targeted intervention according to the potential categories of patients'exercise perception,so as to promote the initiation and long-term maintenance of the change in physical activity.

Objective:To study the clinical characteristics of different types of neonatal sepsis.Methods:From January 2012 to December 2019, neonates with confirmed sepsis from 5 neonatal centers of central-south China were reviewed. The neonates were assigned into early-onset sepsis (EOS) and late-onset sepsis (LOS) group, and the latter was further subgrouped into hospital-acquired LOS (hLOS) group and community-acquired LOS (cLOS) group. The etiological and clinical characteristics were analyzed. SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 580 neonates were enrolled, including 286 (49.3%) in the EOS group and 294 (50.7%) in the LOS group. In LOS group, 147 were in hLOS group and 147 were in cLOS group. The gestational age and birth weight of hLOS group were significantly lower than the other two groups [(32.7±3.6) weeks vs. (37.1±3.7) weeks and (37.7±3.0) weeks, (1 810±717) g vs. (2 837±865) g and (3 024±710) g] ( P<0.05). The common pathogens in EOS and cLOS groups were coagulase-negative staphylococci and Escherichia coli, while Klebsiella pneumoniae was common in hLOS group. Carbapenems usage in the hLOS group was significantly higher than the other two groups [62.6% vs. 28.7% and 16.2%] ( P<0.05). Antibiotics duration in the hLOS group was longer than the other two groups [19 (14, 27) d vs. 15 (12, 20) d and 14 (12, 19) d] ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The clinical characteristics of neonatal sepsis vary among different types of infections, and it is necessary to establish appropriate prevention, control, diagnosis and treatment protocols.

Five new flavonoid derivatives, cajavolubones A-E (1-5), along with six known analogues (6-11) were isolated from Cajanus volubilis, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and quantum chemical calculations. Cajavolubones A and B (1 and 2) were identified as two geranylated chalcones. Cajavolubone C (3) was a prenylated flavone, while cajavolubones D and E (4 and 5) were two prenylated isoflavanones. Compounds 3, 8, 9 and 11 displayed cytotoxicity against HCT-116 cancer cell line.
Flavonoids/chemistry* ; Cajanus ; Molecular Structure ; Chalcones/chemistry*

Objective:With the development of perinatal and neonatal intensive care medicine,the survival rate of very premature infants increases year by year.However,the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)increases year by year,which seriously affects the survival prognosis of very premature infants.How to prevent and treat BPD effectively has become the focus of neonatologists.This study aims to provide ideas for the prevention and treatment of BPD in very preterm infants via analyzing the clinical characteristics of BPD. Methods:A total of 472 cases of very premature infants admitted to the Divison of Neonatology,Department of Pediatrics at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were retrospectively selected and assigned into a BPD group(n=147)and a non-BPD group(n=325)according to the diagnosis of BPD.Clinical data of each group were collected to find out the clinical characteristics of BPD in very preterm infants.Basic information,maternal pregnancy data,laboratory findings,nutritional support,respiratory support patterns and duration,and systemic complications were included. Results:Compared with the non-BPD group,gestational age,birth weight,head circumference and body length in the BPD group were lower,the Apgar score in 1st min and 5th min and average body weight growth rate were lower(all P<0.05);the ratios of male,very low birth weight(VLBW),and extremely low birth weight(ELBW)in the BPD group were higher than those in the non-BPD group(all P<0.5);the incidence of maternal cervical insufficiency and the rate of using embryo transfer technology in the BPD group were higher than those in the non-BPD group,and the rate of using prenatal hormone in the BPD group was lower than that in the non-BPD group(all P<0.05).The positive rate of sputum culture in the BPD group was higher than that in the non-BPD group(P<0.05),and the white blood cell count,neutrophil ratio,and procalcitonin in the BPD group were higher than those in the non-BPD group(all P<0.05).The period of fasting,minimal feeding,total parenteral nutrition(TPN),and partial parenteral nutrition(PPN)in the BPD group were longer than those in the non-BPD group(all P<0.05).The duration of nasal catheter oxygen inhalation and mechanical ventilation in the BPD group was longer than that in the non-BPD group,and the rates of mechanical ventilation at Day 1,3,7,14,21 and 28 after birth were higher than those in the non-BPD group(all P<0.05).The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome,apnea of prematurity,respiratory failure,pneumonia,pulmonary hemorrhage,pleural effusion,persistent pulmonary hypertension,hemodynamic patent ductus arteriosus,cytomegalovirus infection,neonatal necrotic enterocolitis,cholestasis,anemia,abnormal blood system,hypothyroidism,retinopathy of prematurity,and internal environment disorders in the BPD group were significantly higher than those in non-BPD group(all P<0.05). Conclusion:There are significant differences between very premature infants with BPD and those without BPD in general information,maternal history,inflammatory indicators,nutritional support,respiratory support,comorbidities and complication rates.To ensure normal fetal development,reducing the inflammatory reaction of very premature infants,establishing enteral nutrition as early as possible,shortening the time of mechanical ventilation,and reducing the occurrence of complications are beneficial to decrease the incidence of BPD in very premature infants and improve the long-term prognosis of BPD.

Objective:To explore the effect and its mechanism of nalbuphine on pruritus/paresthesia induced by fospropofol disodium under general anesthesia.Methods:The study was designed as a prospective, single-center, randomized, double-blind controlled trial. Patients scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia in Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University from April to May 2022 were entered and randomly divided into nalbuphine group and control group using the random sequence table method. Patients of both groups were given general anesthesia with fospropofol disodium. Thirty minutes before the end of the surgery, patients in the nalbuphine group received intravenous injection of nalbuphine 0.2 mg/kg (0.1 ml/kg), while those in the control group received intravenous injection of an equal volume of 0.9% sodium chloride injection. Venous blood samples of patients in the 2 groups were collected 5 minutes before anesthesia induction and 5 minutes after awakening to detect levels of serum interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and S-100 calcium binding protein β (S-100β). The primary indicator of the study was the incidence of pruritus/paresthesia within 30 minutes after extubation; the secondary indicators included time to eye opening upon calling, the maximum pruritus/paresthesia score within 30 minutes after extubation, nausea/ vomiting score, pain score, the incidence of pruritus/paresthesia within 24 hours after operation, the score of patient satisfaction to anesthesia, and the levels of postoperative serum inflammatory markers.Results:A total of 98 patients enrolled the study, 49 in each group. There were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade, operation type, operation time, or anesthesia time of patients between the 2 groups (all P>0.05). The incidence of pruritus/paresthesia and the score of pruritus/paresthesia 30 minutes after extubation were lower in the nalbuphine group than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences [24.5% (12/49) vs. 61.2% (30/49), P<0.001; 4 (2, 5) vs. 6 (5, 7), P=0.031]. At 24 hours of postoperation, the score of patient satisfaction to anesthesia in the nalbuphine group was higher than that in the control group, with a statistically significant difference [8 (7, 9) vs. 6 (3, 7), P=0.042]. Compared with the control group, the postoperative serum IL-6 in patients of the nalbuphine group was significantly lower [(329.5±105.5) ng/L vs. (398.5±102.6) ng/L, P=0.033], while differences in levels of TNF-α and S-100 β were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Nalbuphine can significantly reduce the incidence of pruritus/paresthesia induced by fospropofol disodium under general anesthesia and improve the patient satisfaction to anesthesia, and its mechanism may involve the inhibition of inflammatory response by nalbuphine.