Objective: To analyze the differences in bile acid profiles during different pregnancy durations of patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), so as to provide a reference for early prevention and treatment of ICP and optimization of maternal-infant health outcomes. Methods: Pregnant women who underwent routine prenatal examinations and delivered at Hangzhou Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from 2021 to 2023 were selected as study subjects. According to the ICP guidelines (2020), pregnant women were categorized into normal group, mild ICP group, and moderate/severe ICP group. Age, parity, and gravidity were collected through the obstetric electronic medical record system, liver function indicators and seven bile acid levels were collected through the hospital's laboratory information system. Differences in bile acid profiles across pregnancy durations among the three groups were compared. Results: A total of 238 pregnant women were enrolled, including 57 cases (23.95%) in the normal group, 136 cases (57.14%) in the mild ICP group, and 45 cases (18.91%) in the moderate/severe ICP group. There were statistically significant differences between the three groups in total bile acid (TBA), cholic acid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), glycocholic acid (GCA), taurocholic acid (TCA) levels (all P<0.05). Compared with the normal group, CA, GCDCA and GCA, and TCA were higher in the mild and moderate/severe ICP groups; compared with the mild ICP group, GCA was higher in the moderate/severe ICP group (all P<0.05). Significant differences were observed in the levels of GCDCA, GCA, and TCA among three groups pregnant women in the early, mid, and late pregnancy (all P<0.05). Compared with the normal group, mild ICP group had higher GCDCA and GCA in the early and mid pregnancy; moderate/severe ICP group had higher TCA in the early pregnancy and higher GCDCA and GCA in the late pregnancy. Compared with the mild ICP group, mild ICP group had higher TCA in the early pregnancy and the moderate/severe ICP group had higher GCA in the late pregnancy. Conclusions GCDCA, GCA, and TCA levels remain higher in ICP patients than in normal pregnant women across all pregnancy durations. Personalized perinatal management plans can be developed based on bile acid profile dynamics to optimize maternal-fetal outcomes.

The psychiatric problem has become a global public health issue. The model of mental health service advocate that“Treatment of disease occurred in the hospital, but rehabilitation and management in the community”. This brings great challenge to the community health service center. By comparing the domestic and foreign mental health service system, this paper discusses the necessity of carrying out the standardized training of general practitioners in psychiatry and psychology.

Ferulic acid, an useful compound of Chinese traditional medicine, was used as leading compound. Six ferulic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized based on bioisosterism. Their structures were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectra. In vivo experiment showed that ferulic acid derivatives had good inhibitory effects on adenosine diphosphate (ADP) induced platelet aggregation, which were significantly higher than that of Ozagrel.

AIM:To observe the alterations in cognition of growing rats exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) and to explore its underlying mechanisms. METHODS:Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats (3-week-old～4-week-old and 80 g to 100 g),which had been trained to complete the 8-arm (4-arm baited) radial maze,were randomly divided into 4 groups:2-weeek-CIH group (2IH),4-week-CIH group (4IH),-week -control group (2C) and 4-weeek-control group (4C). The intermittent hypoxia model was induced by putting the animals in an intermittent hypoxia cabin. When intermittent hypoxia was terminated,spatial memory of these growing rats was tested by 8-arm (4-arm baited) radial maze task,then,one rat in each group was randomly selected for ultrastructural observation. The hippocampus and prefrontal cortexes of the rats were collected for analyzing the mRNA and protein expression of CREB by RT-PCR and Western blotting,respectively. RESULTS:(1) In the 8-arm (4-arm baited) radial maze task,the results indicated that the rats in the 4 groups displayed significant difference in their performance assessed by three measuremens:the reference memory error,the working memory error and total memory error (P 0. 05,respectively). CONCLUSION:Exposure to experimentally-induced IH in growing rats is associated with time related spatial memory impairment. Chronic intermittent hypoxia leads to the disorders of neuron ultra-structure in memory related brain regions. It also inhabits the CREB transduction,expression and CREB phosphorylation,decreases the synthesis of the memory related protein. These factors maybe contribute to learningmemory impairment of growing rats exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia.