Objective To analyze the factors affecting the prevalence of hyperuricemia(HUA)in an island troop.Methods A total of 1 113 soldiers stationed on an island from December 2021 to December 2022 were selected as research objects by cluster sampling.Their lifestyle and health information were collected.Physical examination and laboratory detection were conducted.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of HUA.Results The prevalence rate of HUA was 21.02%(234/1 113).There were significant differences in the body mass index(BMI),waist-to-hip ratio,triglyceride,alanine aminotransferase,and creatinine between the soldiers with hyperuricemia and the soldiers with normal blood uric acid(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that BMI≥24(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.09-2.05),abnormal liver function(OR=2.26,95%CI:1.31-3.92),and dyslipidemia(OR=1.46,95%CI:1.01-2.12)were positively correlated with hyperuricemia;age>30 years old(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.37-0.93)and exercise time>1 h per week(OR=0.46,95%CI:0.22-0.97)were negatively correlated with HUA.Conclusion The prevalence rate of hyperuricemia is at a high level in an island troop.BMI≥24,age≤30 years old,exercise time≤1 h per week,abnormal liver function,and dyslipidemia are the risk factors for HUA.Prevention and control measures should be taken as early as possible for the soldiers with these risk factors.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of single kidney transplantation (KT) from pediatric donors between donors aged <2 and 2- 18 years.Methods:Between August 2016 and May 2023, 127 single pediatric kidney transplantations involving pediatric donors were conducted. They were assigned into two subgroups based upon age of small pediatric donors (n=22, SPD, donors aged <2 years) and normal pediatric donors (n=105, NPD, donors aged 2-18 years). A retrospective analysis was performed to compare recipient/donor baseline characteristics, postoperative complications and recipient/graft survival rates between two groups.Results:Significant inter-group differences existed in donor age[11.0 (10.0, 15.0) vs 121.0 (74.0, 166.0) month], donor weight[8.3 (8.0, 9.4) vs 30.0 (20.0, 50.0) kg]and graft-to-recipient weight ratio[0.3 (0.2, 0.5) vs 1.0 (0.6, 1.5) ] ( P<0.001). Conversely, no significant inter-group differences existed in donor gender/type, warm/cold ischemic time, human leukocyte antigen mismatch number, estimated glomerular filtration rate, recipient gender/age/weight, number of transplants, preoperative dialysis, preoperative induction therapy, panel-reactive antibody or primary disease ( P>0.05). The incidence of vascular thrombosis was 9.1% (2/22) and 0 in SPD and NPD groups with statistically significant differences ( P=0.029) ; the incidence of post-transplant hemorrhage was 13.6% (3/22) and 1.9% (2/105) with statistically significant difference ( P=0.036). However, no statistically significant inter-group differences existed in recurrent renopathy, delayed graft function or 1-year cumulative incidence of acute rejection ( P>0.05). Six recipients (27.3%) in SPD group lost allografts due to recurrent or primary nonfunction (n=1), vascular thrombosis (n=2), post-transplant hemorrhage (n=2) and thrombotic microangiopathy (n=1). In comparison, three recipients (2.9%) in NPD group lost allografts due to rejection (n=2) and infectious rupture of transplanted renal artery (n=1). Three-year recipient survival rates were 100% and 99.0% in SPD and NPD groups with no statistically significant differences ( P=0.600). And 3-year death-censored graft survival was significantly lower in SPD group than that in NPD groups (77.3% vs 91.5%) ( P<0.001, HR=8.3, 95% CI: 2.0-34.2) . Conclusions:Early postoperative vascular complications after single pediatric KT from pediatric donors aged under 2 years are frequent and predispose to graft loss.

Oral submucous fibrosis(OSF)is a chronic and inflammatory mucosal disease caused by betel quid chewing,which belongs to oral potentially malignant disorders.Abnormal fibroblast differentiation leading to disordered collagen metabolism is the core process underlying OSF development.The epithelium,which is the first line of defense against the external environment,can convert external signals into pathological signals and participate in the remodeling of the fibrotic microenvironment.However,the specific mechanisms by which the epithelium drives fibroblast differentiation remain unclear.In this study,we found that Arecoline-exposed epithelium communicated with the fibrotic microenvironment by secreting exosomes.MiR-17-5p was encapsulated in epithelial cell-derived exosomes and absorbed by fibroblasts,where it promoted cell secretion,contraction,migration and fibrogenic marker(α-SMA and collagen type I)expression.The underlying molecular mechanism involved miR-17-5p targeting Smad7 and suppressing the degradation of TGF-β receptor 1(TGFBR1)through the E3 ubiquitination ligase WWP1,thus facilitating downstream TGF-β pathway signaling.Treatment of fibroblasts with an inhibitor of miR-17-5p reversed the contraction and migration phenotypes induced by epithelial-derived exosomes.Exosomal miR-17-5p was confirmed to function as a key regulator of the phenotypic transformation of fibroblasts.In conclusion,we demonstrated that Arecoline triggers aberrant epithelium-fibroblast crosstalk and identified that epithelial cell-derived miR-17-5p mediates fibroblast differentiation through the classical TGF-β fibrotic pathway,which provided a new perspective and strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of OSF.

Oral submucous fibrosis(OSF)is a chronic and inflammatory mucosal disease caused by betel quid chewing,which belongs to oral potentially malignant disorders.Abnormal fibroblast differentiation leading to disordered collagen metabolism is the core process underlying OSF development.The epithelium,which is the first line of defense against the external environment,can convert external signals into pathological signals and participate in the remodeling of the fibrotic microenvironment.However,the specific mechanisms by which the epithelium drives fibroblast differentiation remain unclear.In this study,we found that Arecoline-exposed epithelium communicated with the fibrotic microenvironment by secreting exosomes.MiR-17-5p was encapsulated in epithelial cell-derived exosomes and absorbed by fibroblasts,where it promoted cell secretion,contraction,migration and fibrogenic marker(α-SMA and collagen type I)expression.The underlying molecular mechanism involved miR-17-5p targeting Smad7 and suppressing the degradation of TGF-β receptor 1(TGFBR1)through the E3 ubiquitination ligase WWP1,thus facilitating downstream TGF-β pathway signaling.Treatment of fibroblasts with an inhibitor of miR-17-5p reversed the contraction and migration phenotypes induced by epithelial-derived exosomes.Exosomal miR-17-5p was confirmed to function as a key regulator of the phenotypic transformation of fibroblasts.In conclusion,we demonstrated that Arecoline triggers aberrant epithelium-fibroblast crosstalk and identified that epithelial cell-derived miR-17-5p mediates fibroblast differentiation through the classical TGF-β fibrotic pathway,which provided a new perspective and strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of OSF.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of single kidney transplantation (KT) from pediatric donors between donors aged <2 and 2- 18 years.Methods:Between August 2016 and May 2023, 127 single pediatric kidney transplantations involving pediatric donors were conducted. They were assigned into two subgroups based upon age of small pediatric donors (n=22, SPD, donors aged <2 years) and normal pediatric donors (n=105, NPD, donors aged 2-18 years). A retrospective analysis was performed to compare recipient/donor baseline characteristics, postoperative complications and recipient/graft survival rates between two groups.Results:Significant inter-group differences existed in donor age[11.0 (10.0, 15.0) vs 121.0 (74.0, 166.0) month], donor weight[8.3 (8.0, 9.4) vs 30.0 (20.0, 50.0) kg]and graft-to-recipient weight ratio[0.3 (0.2, 0.5) vs 1.0 (0.6, 1.5) ] ( P<0.001). Conversely, no significant inter-group differences existed in donor gender/type, warm/cold ischemic time, human leukocyte antigen mismatch number, estimated glomerular filtration rate, recipient gender/age/weight, number of transplants, preoperative dialysis, preoperative induction therapy, panel-reactive antibody or primary disease ( P>0.05). The incidence of vascular thrombosis was 9.1% (2/22) and 0 in SPD and NPD groups with statistically significant differences ( P=0.029) ; the incidence of post-transplant hemorrhage was 13.6% (3/22) and 1.9% (2/105) with statistically significant difference ( P=0.036). However, no statistically significant inter-group differences existed in recurrent renopathy, delayed graft function or 1-year cumulative incidence of acute rejection ( P>0.05). Six recipients (27.3%) in SPD group lost allografts due to recurrent or primary nonfunction (n=1), vascular thrombosis (n=2), post-transplant hemorrhage (n=2) and thrombotic microangiopathy (n=1). In comparison, three recipients (2.9%) in NPD group lost allografts due to rejection (n=2) and infectious rupture of transplanted renal artery (n=1). Three-year recipient survival rates were 100% and 99.0% in SPD and NPD groups with no statistically significant differences ( P=0.600). And 3-year death-censored graft survival was significantly lower in SPD group than that in NPD groups (77.3% vs 91.5%) ( P<0.001, HR=8.3, 95% CI: 2.0-34.2) . Conclusions:Early postoperative vascular complications after single pediatric KT from pediatric donors aged under 2 years are frequent and predispose to graft loss.

Objective:To explore the differences of the resting-state functional connectivity(FC) between goal-directed network and habituation networks in patients with early- and late-onset obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and the correlation between the strength of FC in the differential brain regions and cognitive flexibility.Methods:From October 2019 to April 2021, 40 patients with OCD were included in this study, including 22 patients with early-onset OCD and 18 patients with late-onset OCD.The cognitive flexibility of all subjects was assessed using the Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST), the Stroop task and the trail making test (TMT). The brain regions which were associated with goal-directed network(caudate, orbitofrontal cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex) and the brain regions which were associated with habituation network(putamen, supplementary motor area and insula) were selected as FC regions of interest (ROI). The DPABI and SPM12 plug-ins in the matlab2011a platform were used for whole brain FC analysis to compare the difference of FC between patients with early-onset OCD and patients with late-onset OCD on the two networks.The data were analyzed by SPSS 25.0 with χ2 test, independent samples t-test, and Pearson correlation analysis. Results:Compared with patients with early-onset OCD, patients with late-onset OCD had significantly enhanced FC of the left supplementary motor area with the left putamen and left insula.The total number of persistent errors of WCST in patients with late-onset OCD was greater than that in patients with early-onset OCD ((20.61±11.30), (14.95±8.94), P<0.05). The FC of the left putamen-left supplementary motor area was significantly and positively correlated with the total number of sustained responses ( r=0.678, P=0.003) and the total number of incorrect responses ( r=0.590, P=0.013) in patients with late-onset OCD.The FC of the left supplementary motor area-left insula was significantly positively correlated with the number of responses required to complete the first classification in patients with late-onset OCD ( r=0.485, P=0.049). Conclusion:Patients with late-onset OCD have stronger habituation network FC than patients with early-onset OCD, and the enhanced FC correlates with patients' cognitive flexibility performance, while late-onset OCD has more impaired cognitive flexibility than early-onset OCD.

Objective To evaluate the effect of erythropoietin (EPO) on the proliferation and migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) in rats. Methods The 5th generation BMSCs were divided into the control (without EPO) and 10, 100, 500, 1 000 IU/mL EPO groups. After 24 h and 48 h of culture, the proliferation rate, migration ability and the expression levels of CXCR4 of BMSCs were detected in each group. The 5th generation BMSCs were further divided into BMSC and EPO-BMSC groups. After 48 h of culture, the effect of EPO upon surface markers, directional differentiation and cytoskeleton morphology of BMSCs were evaluated in both groups. Results After theco-culture of EPO and BMSCs for 48 h, the proliferation rate and migration ability of BMSCs were significantly enhanced, and the expression level of CXCR4 protein was significantly up-regulated in the 100 IU/mL and 500 IU/mL EPO groups compared with those in the control group (all P < 0.05). However, EPO exerted no effect upon the expression levels of surface markers and directional differentiation ability of BMSCs in the EPO-BMSC group. In the EPO-BMSC group, the fibrous skeleton of most BMSCs was arranged along the long axis in parallel. Conclusions EPO can improve the proliferation rate, migration ability and tissue repair capability of BMSCs, probably by promoting the directional homing of BMSCs to injured organs and tissues via up-regulating the expression level of CXCR4.

Objective To evaluate the growth and survival of single kidney transplants with donation after citizen death (DCD) donors from infants and children (＜3 years of age) to adults.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of single kidney transplants with donors from infants and young children to adults in our center.All the recipients were divided into infant donor group (≤3 years of age) and children donor group (1 year＜ age ≤3 years) in terms of the donor's age.The serum creatinine (SCr) level after surgery was determined and the major diameter of the kidney was measured by Doppler B ultrasonography.DGF,vascular complications,urinary tract complications,proteinuria,acute rejection,and infection were recorded during the follow-up period.Results There were 24 cases in infant donor group and 37 in children donor group.The mean follow-up period was 28 months.The SCr level at 1 st month post-transplantation was significantly higher in infant donor group than in children donor group (350.67 ± 35.57 μmol/L versus 193.70 ± 86.76 μmol/L),and the major diameter ((X-)± s) of the kidney in children donor group was significantly greater than that in infant donor group (78.29 ± 4.68 mm versus 93.62 ± 5.57 mm),but there was no significant difference during the subsequent 3-year follow-up period.The incidence of DGF in infant donor group was significantly higher than in children donor group,but there was significant difference in the rate of vascular complications,urinary tract complications,proteinuria,acute rejection,and infection between two groups.Conclusion The single kidney transplants from infants and young children to adults can grow rapidly,and their survival rate is relatively high.

Objective To investigate the role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) pretreated with erythropoietin (EPO) in the prevention of acute rejection after renal transplantation in rats. Methods BMSCs were divided into five groups: control group (without EPO), group A (pretreated with EPO at a final concentration of 10 IU/mL), group B (pretreated with EPO at a final concentration of 100 IU/mL), group C (pretreated with EPO at a final concentration of 500 IU/mL) and group D (pretreated with EPO at a final concentration of 1 000 IU/mL). In each group, the BMSCs were cultured for 24 h and 48 h. The proliferation rate of the BMSCs was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The BMSCs were divided into two groups: BMSC group (without EPO) and EPO-BMSC group (pretreated with EPO at a final concentration of 500 IU/mL). After 48 h culture, Western blot was adopted to measure the expression level of CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR) 4 protein in BMSCs. Wistar rats were used as the donors, and SD rats were utilized as the recipients to establish the rat models with acute rejection after renal transplantation. The recipient rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=6 in each group) including the control group (without any intervention), EPO group (injection of 1 mL of solution containing 500 IU EPO via tail vein immediately after surgery), BMSC group (injection of 1 mL of solution containing 1×106/mL BMSCs via tail vein immediately after surgery) and EPO-BMSC group (injection of 1 mL of solution containing 1×106/mL BMSCs cultured in vitro with 500 IU/mL EPO via tail vein). The level of serum creatinine (Scr) level was determined by Scr detection kit. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-4 proteins. Results After 24 h culture, the proliferation rate of BMSCs did not significantly differ among all groups (all P>0.05). After 48 h culture, the proliferation rate of BMSCs in group C (pretreated with EPO at a final concentration of 500 IU/mL) was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the BMSC group, the expression level of CXCR4 protein on the surface of BMSCs was higher in the EPO-BMSC group (P<0.05). At 1 d after renal transplantation, the levels of Scr did not significantly differ among all groups (all P>0.05). At 5 d after operation, the levels of Scr in the EPO, BMSC and EPO-BMSC groups were significantly lower than that in the control group (all P<0.05). The level of Scr in the EPO-BMSC group was markedly lower than those in the EPO and BMSC groups (both P<0.05). At postoperative 1 d and 5 d, the expression levels of IL-4 protein in the kidney tissues did not significantly differ among all groups (all P>0.05). At 1 d after surgery, compared with control group, the expression levels of IFN-γ protein and IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio in the renal tissues in the EPO, BMSC and EPO-BMSC groups were significantly decreased to varying extents (all P<0.05), and similar results were obtained at 5 d after surgery (all P<0.05). The expression levels of IFN-γ protein and IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio in the EPO-BMSC group were significantly lower than those in the EPO group and BMSC group (both P<0.05). Conclusions BMSCs pretreated with EPO can prevent the incidence of acute rejection after renal transplantation and protect the renal graft function.

The mutation of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gene is associated with gliomagenesis.It has also significant positive effects on survival and chemosensitivity in comparison with IDH wild-type glioma.Being an important energetic metabolism enzyme,mutation of IDH results in changes of microstructures and metabolism.Quantitative multimodality MR imaging has ability to obtain imaging biomarkers about microstructural,physiologic and functional information,which demonstrates the promises to assess IDH gene status in vivo.The progresses of association between quantitative multimodality MRI features and IDH genesmutations in glioma were reviewed in this paper.