Objective To examine the causes of incision infections following lower extremity open fractures and develop a predictive model for assessing the risk.Methods A total of 104 patients with open fractures of the lower extremity,who received internal fixation from January 2022 to August 2023.According to whether there was incision infection after the operation,the patients were divided into infection group and non-infection group.The aim of the study was to analyze the distribution of pathogenic bacteria causing postoperative incision infections.Single-factor and multifactor Logistic regression analyses were employed to examine the factors influencing postoperative incisional infections.Subsequently,a risk prediction model for these infections was developed.The predictive capacity of this model was assessed using ROC curves.Results In the cohort of 104 patients with open fractures of the lower limb,the occurrence rate of postoperative incision infections was 19.23％.A total of 45 non-repeated pathogenic bacteria were isolated,among which gram-positive bacteria accounted for 53.33％,gram-negative bacteria 42.22％,fungi 4.44％.Gram-positive bacteria showed 100％resistance to ampicillin/sulbactam and penicillin,while resistance rates for erythromycin and clindamycin exceeded 90％.Among gram-negative bacteria,resistance rates to cefazolin,sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim,levofloxacin,ampicillin/sulbactam,ciprofloxacin,and gentamicin were all above 67％.Notably,resistance rates for cefazolin,sulfamethoxazole,and trimethoprim surpassed 90％.Univariate and multifactorial logistic stepwise regression analysis highlighted that time elapsed from injury to surgery,duration of surgery,length of hospital stay,perioperative prophylactic medication,and Gustilo classification were significant risk factors for postoperative incisional infections in patients with the condition(P＜0.05).The ROC curves illustrated that the risk prediction model accurately forecasted the incidence of postoperative incisional infections in patients with open fractures of the lower extremity,with an area under the curve of 0.861(95％ CI:0.811 to 0.911),boasting a sensitivity of 90.50％and a specificity of 72.92％.Conclusion The main pathogen of wound infection after open fracture of lower extremity is Gram-negative,the time from injury to operation,operation time,hospitalization time,prophylactic medication during perioperative period and GUSTILO classification were the influencing factors of postoperative wound infection.In addition,the establishment of risk prediction model has a good prediction effect on the incidence of postoperative wound infection in patients with this disease.

Zebrafish larvae are useful for identifying chemicals against lateral line (LL) hair cell (HC) damage and this type of chemical screen mainly focuses on searching for protectors against cell death. To expand the candidate pool of HC protectors, a self-built acoustic escape response (AER)-detecting system was developed to apply both low-frequency near-field sound transmission and AER image acquisition/processing modules. The device quickly confirmed the changed LL HC functions caused by most known ototoxins, protectors, and neural transmission modifiers, or knockdown of LL HC-expressing genes. With ten devices wired in tandem, five 'hit' chemicals were identified from 124 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors to partially restore cisplatin-damaged AER in less than a day. AS2863619, ribociclib, and SU9516 among the hits, protected the HCs in the mouse cochlea. Therefore, using free-swimming larval zebrafish, the self-made AER-detecting device can efficiently identify compounds that are protective against HC damage, including cell death and loss-of-function.
Animals ; Zebrafish ; Hair Cells, Auditory/physiology* ; Lateral Line System/cytology* ; Escape Reaction/physiology* ; Larva ; Mice ; Cisplatin/toxicity* ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods*

Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, a Gram-negative bacterium with a significant role in the adsorption and reduction of uranium in wastewater and a quorum-sensing effect, can be used to remove uranium from wastewater. Exogenous signaling molecules (acyl-homoserine lactones, AHLs) can be added to induce the quorum sensing behavior for rapid biofilm formation, thereby improving the removal efficiency of this bacterium for uranium. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), as the significant components of biofilm, play a key role in biofilm formation. To investigate the quorum sensing behavior induced by AHLs, we systematically investigated the effects of AHLs on the EPS secretion and biofilm properties of S. oneidensis MR-1 by regulating parameters such as AHL species, concentration, addition time point, and contact time. The results showed that the addition of 10 μmol/L N-butyryl-l-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL) after 6 h of culture and continued incubation to reach the time point of 72 h significantly promoted the secretion of EPSs, in which the content of extracellular proteins and extracellular polysaccharides was increased by 15.2% and 28.2%, respectively, compared with that of the control group. The biofilm electrodes induced by signaling molecules showed superior properties, which were evidenced by an increase of exceeding 20 μm in biofilm thickness, an increase of 33.9% in the proportion of living cells, enhanced electroactivity, and an increase of 10.7% in the uranium removal rate. The biofilm electrode was confirmed to immobilize uranium in wastewater mainly by electrosorption, physicochemical adsorption, and electro-reduction through characterization means such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). This study provides a new technical idea for the efficient recovery of uranium in wastewater and enriches the theoretical system of quorum sensing regulation of electroactive biofilms.
Biofilms/drug effects* ; Acyl-Butyrolactones/pharmacology* ; Quorum Sensing/drug effects* ; Uranium/metabolism* ; Shewanella/metabolism* ; Adsorption ; Uranium Compounds/metabolism* ; Wastewater/chemistry* ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Extracellular Polymeric Substance Matrix/metabolism*

Objective To clarify the demographic characteristics,disease spectrum,and related mortali-ty risks of intensive care unit(ICU)patients,in order to better manage ICU patients.Methods A total of 35 294 ICU patients admitted to West China Hospital from July 1,2010 to July 31,2020 were selected as the research subjects,and their demographic characteristics,disease spectrum,and mortality risk were analyzed.Results The median age of the patients was 55.5(42.5,67.5)years old,of which 62.5%were male.The top five disease groups are tumors(C00-D48,13 524 cases,accounting for 38.3%),digestive system diseases(K00-K93,6 469 cases,accounting for 18.3%),injuries,poisoning,and consequences caused by certain exter-nal reasons(S00-T98,3 810 cases,accounting for 10.8%),circulatory system diseases(I00-I99,3 745 cases,accounting for 10.6%),and respiratory system diseases(J00-J99,3 443 cases,accounting for 9.8%).These five types of diseases account for a total of 87.8%of ICU admissions.The mortality rate of patients was 7.5%(2 663/35 294),and the risk of death for male patients was about 21.0%higher than that for female patients.Patients with respiratory diseases had a higher risk of death than those with other diseases.Conclusion The increasing number of cancer patients and high mortality rate in ICU pose challenges to personalized manage-ment of critically ill cancer patients.

Objective To examine the causes of incision infections following lower extremity open fractures and develop a predictive model for assessing the risk.Methods A total of 104 patients with open fractures of the lower extremity,who received internal fixation from January 2022 to August 2023.According to whether there was incision infection after the operation,the patients were divided into infection group and non-infection group.The aim of the study was to analyze the distribution of pathogenic bacteria causing postoperative incision infections.Single-factor and multifactor Logistic regression analyses were employed to examine the factors influencing postoperative incisional infections.Subsequently,a risk prediction model for these infections was developed.The predictive capacity of this model was assessed using ROC curves.Results In the cohort of 104 patients with open fractures of the lower limb,the occurrence rate of postoperative incision infections was 19.23％.A total of 45 non-repeated pathogenic bacteria were isolated,among which gram-positive bacteria accounted for 53.33％,gram-negative bacteria 42.22％,fungi 4.44％.Gram-positive bacteria showed 100％resistance to ampicillin/sulbactam and penicillin,while resistance rates for erythromycin and clindamycin exceeded 90％.Among gram-negative bacteria,resistance rates to cefazolin,sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim,levofloxacin,ampicillin/sulbactam,ciprofloxacin,and gentamicin were all above 67％.Notably,resistance rates for cefazolin,sulfamethoxazole,and trimethoprim surpassed 90％.Univariate and multifactorial logistic stepwise regression analysis highlighted that time elapsed from injury to surgery,duration of surgery,length of hospital stay,perioperative prophylactic medication,and Gustilo classification were significant risk factors for postoperative incisional infections in patients with the condition(P＜0.05).The ROC curves illustrated that the risk prediction model accurately forecasted the incidence of postoperative incisional infections in patients with open fractures of the lower extremity,with an area under the curve of 0.861(95％ CI:0.811 to 0.911),boasting a sensitivity of 90.50％and a specificity of 72.92％.Conclusion The main pathogen of wound infection after open fracture of lower extremity is Gram-negative,the time from injury to operation,operation time,hospitalization time,prophylactic medication during perioperative period and GUSTILO classification were the influencing factors of postoperative wound infection.In addition,the establishment of risk prediction model has a good prediction effect on the incidence of postoperative wound infection in patients with this disease.

Objective:To study the feasibility of detecting vertical semicircular canal function and to analyze the three-dimensional(3D)characteristics and normal reference value in healthy young people.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study conducted from January to June 2024. A three-axis rotating chair was used to perform vertical sinusoidal rotation on 52 healthy young adults (26 males and 26 females, aged 18-40 years) in the left anterior-right posterior (LARP) and right anterior-left posterior (RALP) semicircular canal planes. For each plane, nystagmus was induced with six combinations of different angles and velocity front and back rotation angles of ±30°,±60°,±90°, and velocities of 40°/s and 80°/s, the slow phase velocity (SPV) and their symmetry of 3D nystagmus were analyzed. SPSS 20.0 was used to compare the statistical differences in these two parameters across different stimulation protocols.Results:There were no spontaneous nystagmus in the 52 subjects, and all tests were finished. Except the combinations of (±30°-40°/s), three components of nystagmus were induced stably in the rest of the stimulations. The SPVs of vertical components were no statistically insignificant ( P>0.05), and some horizontal or torsion components were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The 95% reference range of the symmetry was≤25% in the vertical and≤30% in the torsional component of the nystagmus except for (±30°-80°/s), the symmetry was 32.2% and 49.2% respectively. The trend changes of the three components were consistent, among which the vertical and torsional components induced by (±60°-80°/s) and (±90°-80°/s) were the best, the SPV value of the vertical components was higher in the latter group than the former apart from the front RALP, while no significant difference was found in the torsional components ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The (±90°-80°/s) combination is the optimal method to detect the function of vertical semicircular canal in 3D chair test. When observing torsional component, the combining scheme of (±60°-80°/s) and (±90°-80°/s) is better. Considering tolerance, the (±60°-80°/s) combination is recommended.

Objective To observe the value of AcoStream thrombus aspiration catheter for treating intermediate-high risk acute pulmonary embolism(APE).Methods Twenty-six patients with intermediate-high risk APE who underwent treatment with AcoStream thrombus aspiration catheter were retrospectively collected.The immediate technical success rate,procedure success rate and thrombus clearance rate of target vessels were recorded,as well as clinical success rate and complications in perioperative period and the recurrence of pulmonary embolism(PE)during follow-up.Results Among 26 patients with intermediate-high risk APE,the immediate technical success rate was 100%(26/26),the procedure success rate was 92.31%(24/26),and the immediate thrombus clearance rate of target vessels was 63.37%as median,including 16 cases(16/26,61.54%)achieved thrombus clearance rate grade Ⅱ or above.The perioperative period clinical success rate of treating intermediate-high risk APE was 96.15%(25/26).Two patients experienced transient arrhythmia and other 2 patients experienced worsening transient chest tightness during the procedure,and 1 case developed hematoma at the puncture site after treatment.During follow-up,no recurrence of symptomatic PE was observed.Conclusion AcoStream thrombus aspiration catheter was safe and effective for treating intermediate-high risk APE,worthy clinical promotion and application.

Connective tissue disease in children is a systemic multi-system damage caused by chronic inflammation of systemic connective tissue and blood vessels.Lung is often the first organ invaded by the disease, and interstitial lesions are an important manifestation of lung damage, with an increasing incidence.Initial clinical manifestations of this disease are often insidious and lack specificity.When its clinical symptoms are detectable, lung lesions often have progressed and the lung tissue structure remodeling has occurred.Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to improve its prognosis.In this article, the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease in children were reviewed, in order to help improve its diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To observe the value of AcoStream thrombus aspiration catheter for treating intermediate-high risk acute pulmonary embolism(APE).Methods Twenty-six patients with intermediate-high risk APE who underwent treatment with AcoStream thrombus aspiration catheter were retrospectively collected.The immediate technical success rate,procedure success rate and thrombus clearance rate of target vessels were recorded,as well as clinical success rate and complications in perioperative period and the recurrence of pulmonary embolism(PE)during follow-up.Results Among 26 patients with intermediate-high risk APE,the immediate technical success rate was 100%(26/26),the procedure success rate was 92.31%(24/26),and the immediate thrombus clearance rate of target vessels was 63.37%as median,including 16 cases(16/26,61.54%)achieved thrombus clearance rate grade Ⅱ or above.The perioperative period clinical success rate of treating intermediate-high risk APE was 96.15%(25/26).Two patients experienced transient arrhythmia and other 2 patients experienced worsening transient chest tightness during the procedure,and 1 case developed hematoma at the puncture site after treatment.During follow-up,no recurrence of symptomatic PE was observed.Conclusion AcoStream thrombus aspiration catheter was safe and effective for treating intermediate-high risk APE,worthy clinical promotion and application.

Connective tissue disease in children is a systemic multi-system damage caused by chronic inflammation of systemic connective tissue and blood vessels.Lung is often the first organ invaded by the disease, and interstitial lesions are an important manifestation of lung damage, with an increasing incidence.Initial clinical manifestations of this disease are often insidious and lack specificity.When its clinical symptoms are detectable, lung lesions often have progressed and the lung tissue structure remodeling has occurred.Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to improve its prognosis.In this article, the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease in children were reviewed, in order to help improve its diagnosis and treatment.