Objective:To investigate the relationships between the expression level of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in HER2-positive breast cancer and the characteristics of ultrasound imaging and mammography.Methods:The imaging data of 486 patients with HER2-positive breast cancer treated in the Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital from January 2014 to December 2021 were retrospectively collected. The relationships between the expression level of HER2 and the imaging features of breast ultrasound and mammography were analyzed.Results:49.38% (240/486) of HER2-positive breast cancer patients were HER2 2+, and 50.62% (246/486) of HER2-positive breast cancer patients were HER2 3+. The age of HER2 2+ patients [ (52.88±1.16) years] was older than the age of HER2 3+ patients [ (49.59±1.00) years], and there was a statistically significant difference ( t=18.07, P<0.001) . There was a statistically significant difference of menstrual status between HER2 2+ patients and HER2 3+ patients ( χ2=4.42, P=0.036) . There were statistically significant differences in the ultrasonography showed burr sign ( χ2=8.37, P=0.010) , posterior echo ( χ2=9.68, P=0.017) , axillary lymph node enlargement ( χ2=15.77, P<0.001) between HER2 2+ patients and HER2 3+ patients. There was a statistically significant difference in the mammography showed whether there were lumps between HER2 2+ patients and HER2 3+ patients ( χ2=15.81, P<0.001) . Conclusion:The expression level of HER2 in HER2-positive breast cancer patients is related to burr sign, posterior echo, and axillary lymph node enlargement shown by ultrasound, as well as lumps shown by mammography, which can provide certain information for clinical prediction of malignant degree of breast cancer, prognosis and individualized treatment plan.

Objective To analyze the serum level of procalcitonin (PCT) in children with bacte-rial or viral pneumonia, explore its diagnostic value in diagnosis of bacterial pneuminia in children, and so as to provide evidence for clinical use of antibiotics. Methods A total of 42 children with pneumonia(mean age was 5.6 yrs, including 24 boys and 18 girls) were divided into viral neumonia group (n=25) and bacterial neumonia group (n=17). Semi-quantitative solid-phase immunoassay was applied to measuring serum procalcitonin. There were four PCT grades:<0.5 ng/mL,≥0.5 ng/mL,≥2 ng/mL and≥10 ng/mL. X2 test was performed. Results The serum level of PCT was more elevat-ed in bacterial neumonia group than that of viral neumonia group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 01). Conclusion As a sensitive marker of bacterial pneumonia in children, serum procalcitonin contributes to diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pneumonia in children, which may provide basis for clinical use of antibiotics.

Beijing has been one of the epicenters attacked most severely by the SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus) since the first patient was diagnosed in one of the city's hospitals. We now report complete genome sequences of the BJ Group, including four isolates (Isolates BJ01, BJ02, BJ03, and BJ04) of the SARS-CoV. It is remarkable that all members of the BJ Group share a common haplotype, consisting of seven loci that differentiate the group from other isolates published to date. Among 42 substitutions uniquely identified from the BJ group, 32 are non-synonymous changes at the amino acid level. Rooted phylogenetic trees, proposed on the basis of haplotypes and other sequence variations of SARS-CoV isolates from Canada, USA, Singapore, and China, gave rise to different paradigms but positioned the BJ Group, together with the newly discovered GD01 (GD-Ins29) in the same clade, followed by the H-U Group (from Hong Kong to USA) and the H-T Group (from Hong Kong to Toronto), leaving the SP Group (Singapore) more distant. This result appears to suggest a possible transmission path from Guangdong to Beijing/Hong Kong, then to other countries and regions.
Genome, Viral ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Mutation ; Open Reading Frames ; Phylogeny ; SARS Virus ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the value of infusion chemotherapy by pump implantation via hepatic artery or portal vein or both (double-pump chemotherapy, DPC) for hepatic metastasis from colorectal cancer.

METHODSThirty patients with hepatic metastasis from colorectal cancer were divided into three groups: 1. Group I-DPC (12 patients). 2. Group II-hepatic artery implantation chemotherapy (10 patients) and 3. Group III-portal vein implantation chemotherapy (8 patients).

RESULTSResponse rate was 66.7% in group I, 60% in group II and 37.5% in group III. The 0.5-, 1-, 2-year survival rates were 100.0%, 75.0%, 41.7% in group I, 90.0%, 60.0%, 30.0% in group II and 87.5%, 50.0%, 25.0% in group III.

CONCLUSIONDouble pump implantation chemotherapy is effective in treating hepatic metastasis from colorectal cancer. It is better than hepatic artery or portal vein pump-implantation chemotherapy alone.

Adult ; Aged ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Drug Therapy ; methods ; Female ; Hepatic Artery ; Humans ; Infusion Pumps, Implantable ; Infusions, Intra-Arterial ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Portal Vein ; Therapeutics

Objective To explore the etiology,diagnosis and treatment of postsurgical gastroparesis syndrome(PGS)after radical gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma.Methods The data of 585 patients who had undergone radical gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma were retrospectively studied.The diagnosis was established with fiberoptic gastroscopy and biopsy before operation in all the patients,and radical subtotal gastrectomy was performed,with antero-colonic Billroth's Ⅱ anastomosis of the remnant stomach and jejunum.Results PGS occurred in 24 patients(age 46-81,mean 58.6 years)among 585 patients,the prevalence was 4.1%.In all the 24 patients,PGS occurred at the period when liquid diet was changed to semifluid diet,with the symptoms of epigastric fullness,nausea,vomiting and intractable hiccup.The vomitus contained large amount of gastric contents and a small amount of bile.The quantity of gastrointestinal decompression was 800-2000 ml/d.Upper gastrointestinal radiography using 38% meglucamine diatrizoate was performed in all the 24 patients,the contrast agent was taken orally or through gastric tube.It showed that the remnant stomach was atonic,gastric peristalsis was weak or absent,and evacuation of contrast agent was delayed.The anastomosis stoma was patent.Gastroscopy was performed in 18 patients,and a large amount of residual gastric content and anatomotic edema of anastomosis stoma were found.Howener,the gastroscope could be introenced into the duodenum or jejunal efferent loop through anastomotic stoma without difficulty,and no signs of mechanical obstruction were found.All the 18 patients were cured within10-38 days by conservative treatment.Conclusion The main causes of PGS may be the loss of gastrointestinal motility and anastomotic edema,while the risk factors may include old age,malnutrition,water-electrolyte imbalance,and peritoneal infection.Gastrointestinal radiography and gastroscopy are important diagnostic methods,and the patients can be cured by conservative treatment.

To evaluate the effect of local resection plus axillary dissection in the treatment of early breast cancer, 112 cases of early breast cancer were divided into 2 groups: quadrant resection plus axillary dissection group(66 cases) and Halsted′s method group(46 cases).Their survival rate, local recurrence rate, metastasis rate,cosmetic effect of breast were observed for a prolonged period. The results showed that the 3,5,8 year survival rates in the first group were respectively 97 0%,87 9% and 71 2%. The 3,5,8 year survival rates in the second group were respectively 97 8%,80 5%,76 1%. The rate of local recurrence was 6 1% in the first group and 4 3% in the second group.The metastasis rate of the first group was 16 7%,and that of the second group was 21 6%.In 83 8% of patients in the first group,the breasts retained a satisfactory cosmetic form.It suggested that similar to the Halsted's method,the quadrant resection plus axillary dissection method is an ideal method to treat early breast cancer.

Objective To evaluate role of double stapling technique in anus-saving operations for patient with low rectal carcinoma.Method The double stapling technique was used for anus-saving in colorectal anastomosis after anterior resection in 52 patiens with rectal cancer from 1994 to 1999,and the results were evaluated.Results 2 cases were failed to close rectal.4 cases were failed to anastomose.2 cases had anastomotic fistula(3.8%).3 cases had anastomotic stenosis (5.8%).2 cases had waund infection.1 case had anastomotic bleeding.There was no operative death.Conclusion The double stapling technigue provided a safe alternative for anus-saving operation in patients with rectal cancer.

Objective To evaluate the necessity, feasibility, accuracy and clinical value of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy (SLNB) in early breast cancer. Methods In 32 cases with early breast cancer, sentinel lymph nodes identified by liposomes methylence blue mixture were excised for biopsy. The patients then received operations for breast cancer, including axillary lymph nodes dissection. SLN and avillary lymph nodes (ALN) were separately examined histopathologically. Results SLN was identified in 31 cases, success rate was 96.9%. In 9 of the 31 patients, SLN was positive for metastasis, in 22 of the 31 patients, SLN was negative for metastasis. In 10 of 32 patients, ALN was positive for metastasis, and in 22 of 32 patients, ALN was negative for metastasis. The sensitivity rate of SLNB was 90%, The accuracy rate of SLN was 93.8%, with a false negative rate of 10% and a false positive rate of zero. Conclusion The SLN biopsy can accurately predict the axillary metastasis for patients with breast cancer. Liposomes methylenc blue mixture tracing may increase the success rate of SLNB.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of chemotherapy via both hepatic artery and portal vein on liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. Methods Forty-eight patients with colorectal cancer (admitted to our hospital from Jan, 1994 to Dec, 2000)were divided into group Ⅰ, in which 17 patients received chemotherapy via both hepatic artery and portal vein, group Ⅱ in which 16 patients received simple hepatic artery chemotherapy, and group Ⅲ in which 15 patients received simple portal vein chemotherapy. Chemotherapy was begun 2 weeks after operation. The drugs used in chemotherapy regime were 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) 500mg/m 2 + Mitomycin(MMC) 4mg/m 2 + Epirubicin(EPI) 60mg/m 2, once per week, 2-3 times as a course. The chemotherapy regime was the same for the 3 groups. Results The respective effective rate for liver metastasis was 76.5%, 62.5%, 46.7% in group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ, and group Ⅲ. The 0.5, 1 and 2 year survival rates were 100%, 82.4% and 52.9% respectively in group Ⅰ, 87.5%, 62.5% and 43.7% respectively in group Ⅱ, and 93.3%, 60% and 33.3% respectively in group Ⅲ. There were statistically significant differences between group Ⅰ and groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P

Objective Through the qualitative study of surgical field free cancer cells of patients with breast cancer,to evaluate theprevention effects of intraoperative hot hypotonic solution soaking chemotherapy on cancer recurrence after resection of breast cancer.Methods 94 cases with breast cancer divided in to study group (n=48)and control group (n=46).Before the operation wound closed,both group surgical field washing solutions were collected for examination of free cancer cell,then the wounds of study group were treated with Hyperthermic soaking chemotherapy (41℃～42℃normal saline solutions 3000 ml+5-fluorouracil 1.0 g),once five minutes,total 3～4 times.While the wound of control group were soaked with normal saline solutions only.The soaking solutions were collected for examination of free cancer cell.The rates of free cancer cell in the surgical field and local recurrence rates in the both group were compared.Result The rates of washing solutions and the rates of soaking solution and the localy recurrent rates in the study group were 29.2%,8.3%,6.3%,which in the control group were 26.1%,19.6%,15.2%.Conclusions There are free cancer cells in the surgical field of breast cancer.Hyperthermic soaking chemotherapy can kill free cancer cell and reduce localy recurrent rate.