Myxedema coma is a rare condition, typically arising from long-standing, untreated hypothyroidism and triggered by factors such as infection, hypothermia, or severe illness. This report details a successfully treated case of myxedema coma with cardiac attest, accompanied by a literature review, to enhance clinical awareness and improve the diagnosis and management of this critical condition.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Lipoatrophic diabetes(LD) is a rare and distinct form of diabetes characterized by notable clinical heterogeneity. It is often considered one of the manifestations of lipodystrophy syndrome(LDS). In clinical practice, LD is frequently misdiagnosed as type 2 diabetes; however, its management protocols and prognostic outcomes differ significantly from those of other diabetes subtypes. Therefore, timely and accurate diagnosis is of great clinical importance. This paper presents two detailed case reports of female patients with LD. Through an in-depth analysis of their clinical features, it also provides an comprehensive review of the key clinical manifestations of LDS, potential pathogenic mechanisms, and current approaches to genetic diagnosis. The aim is to enhance clinicans′ awareness of LDS and improve corresponding diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Myxedema coma is a rare condition, typically arising from long-standing, untreated hypothyroidism and triggered by factors such as infection, hypothermia, or severe illness. This report details a successfully treated case of myxedema coma with cardiac attest, accompanied by a literature review, to enhance clinical awareness and improve the diagnosis and management of this critical condition.

Lipoatrophic diabetes(LD) is a rare and distinct form of diabetes characterized by notable clinical heterogeneity. It is often considered one of the manifestations of lipodystrophy syndrome(LDS). In clinical practice, LD is frequently misdiagnosed as type 2 diabetes; however, its management protocols and prognostic outcomes differ significantly from those of other diabetes subtypes. Therefore, timely and accurate diagnosis is of great clinical importance. This paper presents two detailed case reports of female patients with LD. Through an in-depth analysis of their clinical features, it also provides an comprehensive review of the key clinical manifestations of LDS, potential pathogenic mechanisms, and current approaches to genetic diagnosis. The aim is to enhance clinicans′ awareness of LDS and improve corresponding diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

The global pandemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus is still ongoing, in which obesity has played a major role. Obesity not only contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes but also further increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes. In recent years, the management goals of diabetes care has shifted from glycemic control alone to dual " glycemic control and weight loss". Current weight loss strategies include lifestyle intervention, pharmacotherapy therapy, and metabolic surgery, with advancements being made particularly in pharmacological treatments. The novel dual or triple gut hormone receptor agonists hold promise for providing more treatment options for overweight/obese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Clinical data from 11 previously diagnosed and treated patients with hyperthyroidism(Graves′ disease) complicated by liver failure were collected. Among them, 4 cases were drug-induced liver injury leading to liver failure, 1 case had a history of schistosomal liver cirrhosis combined with hyperthyroidism, and 6 cases had hyperthyroidism-induced liver injury(HILI) leading to liver failure. During hospitalization, all patients received supportive therapy and symptomatic treatment with β-blockers. Nine patients were treated with glucocorticoids and artificial liver support therapy. Among the 11 patients, 2 died, 8 patients achieved normal thyroid and liver function within 1-12 months after treatment, and 1 patient with liver cirrhosis had stable liver function in the later stage. After improvement in liver function, 7 patients received isotope therapy, 1 patient underwent total thyroidectomy, and 1 patient received medication. These results indicate that the clinical characteristics differ for drug-induced liver injury and HILI-related liver failure. Early initiation of artificial liver support therapy, in addition to β-blockers and glucocorticoids, is important in alleviating thyroid toxicity and liver damage, thus creating an opportunity for subsequent radioactive iodine or surgical treatment.

Objective:To observe the effect of the combination therapy of Qingtong formula and Dapagliflozin on the renal function of diabetic mice.Methods:A total of 24 10-week-old diabetic model（db/db）mice were selected and divided into four groups with six db/db mice in each group by random number table method：db/db mice（control group），db/db mice + Dapaglifozin（western medicine group），db/db mice + Dapagliflozin + Qingtong formula［traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）combined with western medicine group］，and db/db mice + Qingtong formula（TCM group）. The changes of urine creatinine and urinary albumin / creatinine（ACR）before and after treatment were compared，and the levels of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen after treatment were also compared.Results:After treatment，the serum creatinine level in the TCM combined with western medicine group showed a downward trend compared with that of the control group and significantly decreased compared with the western medicine group and the TCM group，and the difference was statistically significant（ P < 0.01）. There was no significant difference in urea nitrogen level among all groups（ P > 0.05）. After treatment，urinary creatinine level in the TCM combined with western medicine group was significantly higher than those in other three groups，with statistical significance differences（ P < 0.05 or P < 0.01）. There was no significant difference in urinary ACR level among groups before and after treatment（ P > 0.05）. Conclusion:The combination therapy of Qingtong formula and Dapaglifozin can significantly increase urine creatinine excretion of db/db mice，lower the level of serum creatinine，thus improving renal function.

Objective:To observe the effect of the combination therapy of Qingtong formula and Dapagliflozin on the renal function of diabetic mice.Methods:A total of 24 10-week-old diabetic model（db/db）mice were selected and divided into four groups with six db/db mice in each group by random number table method：db/db mice（control group），db/db mice + Dapaglifozin（western medicine group），db/db mice + Dapagliflozin + Qingtong formula［traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）combined with western medicine group］，and db/db mice + Qingtong formula（TCM group）. The changes of urine creatinine and urinary albumin / creatinine（ACR）before and after treatment were compared，and the levels of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen after treatment were also compared.Results:After treatment，the serum creatinine level in the TCM combined with western medicine group showed a downward trend compared with that of the control group and significantly decreased compared with the western medicine group and the TCM group，and the difference was statistically significant（ P < 0.01）. There was no significant difference in urea nitrogen level among all groups（ P > 0.05）. After treatment，urinary creatinine level in the TCM combined with western medicine group was significantly higher than those in other three groups，with statistical significance differences（ P < 0.05 or P < 0.01）. There was no significant difference in urinary ACR level among groups before and after treatment（ P > 0.05）. Conclusion:The combination therapy of Qingtong formula and Dapaglifozin can significantly increase urine creatinine excretion of db/db mice，lower the level of serum creatinine，thus improving renal function.