OBJECTIVE To clarify the current development status of clinical pharmacist training bases and the pharmacist workforce in China， and to provide evidence for standardizing base construction and promoting the high-quality development of hospital pharmacy. METHODS Questionnaires were distributed to all clinical pharmacist training bases for urgently-needed health professionals and clinical pharmacist training bases under the Chinese Hospital Association that had been approved by the end of 2023 to collect data including base profiles and pharmacist staffing conditions. Expert teams carried out field investigations to verify the collected data. Descriptive statistical analyses were conducted on the quantity， type and regional distribution of training bases， and the influencing factors of pharmacist staffing in the bases were analyzed. RESULTS Field surveys were completed covering 297 training bases across 31 provincial-level administrative regions. Among the base hospitals， 87.88% were Grade A tertiary general hospitals， and 65.32% were located in provincial capitals. The eastern region had the largest number of bases （136， accounting for 45.79%）， followed by the western region （79， 26.60%）. Great disparities existed among provinces in terms of base quantity and hospital scale. The median proportion of pharmaceutical technical personnel in base hospitals was 4.05%， and the median number of clinical pharmacists per 100 hospital beds was 0.53. Both indicators reached the highest in the eastern region （0.57， 4.43%） and the lowest in the northeastern region （0.45， 3.01%）. A total of 3 627 full-time clinical pharmacists were employed in all surveyed bases， among whom 83.68% held clinical pharmacist training certificates， 35.43% possessed senior professional titles， and 78.19% had postgraduate or higher educational background. The total annual training capacity of the surveyed bases was 4 291 trainees， with obvious differences in annual training capacity across regions and provinces. Training specialties covered 19 specialized disciplines plus one general discipline， and no province could deliver training for all 20 specialties simultaneously. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that geographic region exerte d a significant impact on the proportion of pharmaceutical technical personnel （≥4%） （ P ＜0.05）， while the approval time of training bases and hospital scale had significant effects on the number of clinical pharmacists per 100 beds （≥0.6） （ P ＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS China’s clinical pharmacist training system has basically matured and taken initial shape. The distribution of clinical pharmacist training resources is generally consistent with regional population and economic development levels. However， the allocation of pharmaceutical staff and clinical pharmacists has not yet met national standards and clinical service demands.

OBJECTIVE To clarify the current development status of clinical pharmacist training bases and the pharmacist workforce in China， and to provide evidence for standardizing base construction and promoting the high-quality development of hospital pharmacy. METHODS Questionnaires were distributed to all clinical pharmacist training bases for urgently-needed health professionals and clinical pharmacist training bases under the Chinese Hospital Association that had been approved by the end of 2023 to collect data including base profiles and pharmacist staffing conditions. Expert teams carried out field investigations to verify the collected data. Descriptive statistical analyses were conducted on the quantity， type and regional distribution of training bases， and the influencing factors of pharmacist staffing in the bases were analyzed. RESULTS Field surveys were completed covering 297 training bases across 31 provincial-level administrative regions. Among the base hospitals， 87.88% were Grade A tertiary general hospitals， and 65.32% were located in provincial capitals. The eastern region had the largest number of bases （136， accounting for 45.79%）， followed by the western region （79， 26.60%）. Great disparities existed among provinces in terms of base quantity and hospital scale. The median proportion of pharmaceutical technical personnel in base hospitals was 4.05%， and the median number of clinical pharmacists per 100 hospital beds was 0.53. Both indicators reached the highest in the eastern region （0.57， 4.43%） and the lowest in the northeastern region （0.45， 3.01%）. A total of 3 627 full-time clinical pharmacists were employed in all surveyed bases， among whom 83.68% held clinical pharmacist training certificates， 35.43% possessed senior professional titles， and 78.19% had postgraduate or higher educational background. The total annual training capacity of the surveyed bases was 4 291 trainees， with obvious differences in annual training capacity across regions and provinces. Training specialties covered 19 specialized disciplines plus one general discipline， and no province could deliver training for all 20 specialties simultaneously. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that geographic region exerte d a significant impact on the proportion of pharmaceutical technical personnel （≥4%） （ P ＜0.05）， while the approval time of training bases and hospital scale had significant effects on the number of clinical pharmacists per 100 beds （≥0.6） （ P ＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS China’s clinical pharmacist training system has basically matured and taken initial shape. The distribution of clinical pharmacist training resources is generally consistent with regional population and economic development levels. However， the allocation of pharmaceutical staff and clinical pharmacists has not yet met national standards and clinical service demands.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the current status of quality management in clinical pharmacist training bases in China， and to provide references for the standardized development and improvement of these bases. METHODS A combined approach of questionnaire survey and on-site investigation was adopted， targeting the healthcare highly sought-after talent （clinical pharmacist） training bases in 31 provinces of China as well as the clinical pharmacist training bases affiliated with the Chinese Hospital Association. A training quality management evaluation index system consisting of 25 tertiary indicators was established. Investigations were conducted from two dimensions： structural quality of training and quality management of training processes. Data were statistically analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. RESULTS On-site investigations were completed for 297 clinical pharmacist training bases across the 31 provinces， among which 284 were affiliated with the Chinese Hospital Association and 271 were healthcare highly sought-after talent （clinical pharmacist） training bases. In terms of structural quality， the core indicator compliance rate for hospital-level training systems exceeded 80%， the rate of special fund utilization for designated purposes reached 80.13%， and the overall compliance rate for software and hardware facilities surpassed 88%. A total of 1 348 preceptors were employed across the training bases， among whom those with senior professional titles and full-time specialist clinical pharmacists as lead preceptors accounted for 62.91% and 94.36%， respectively. Regarding process quality， the compliance rate for “establishment of clinical practice teaching groups in accordance with regulations during clinical department rotations” was 85.19%， and 79.80% and 76.09% of the bases were found to implement strict confidentiality in theoretical examinations and meet the required scale of assessment cases， respectively. However， formal documents of corresponding training management regulations were formulated in only 57.91% of the bases， and the completeness and standardization rate of training manual completion was merely 47.47%. In addition， considerable disparities in quality management levels were observed among provinces， with issues in training process quality being particularly prominent. CONCLUSIONS The management system， hardware facilities， and preceptor staffing of clinical pharmacist training bases in China are relatively well-established， yet notable variations in quality management exist among training bases across different provinces.

Background and Aims:Long noncoding RNA(lncRNA)nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1(NEAT1)is an oncogenic lncRNA that promotes the progression of various cancers through the competing endogenous RNA(ceRNA)mechanism.Using the TargetScan database,we previously identified binding sites between NEAT1 and microRNA-124-3p(miR-124-3p),as well as between miR-124-3p and catenin beta-1(CTNNB1).Therefore,this study was conducted to investigate the expression of NEAT1,miR-124-3p,and CTNNB1 in pancreatic cancer and their interactions affecting pancreatic cancer cell functions.Methods:A dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to validate the relationships among NEAT1,miR-124-3p,and CTNNB1.The expression levels of NEAT1 and miR-124-3p,as well as CTNNB1 protein expression,were detected in pancreatic cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues,as well as in pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells and normal pancreatic epithelial H6C7 cells.PANC-1 cells were transfected with NEAT1 siRNA alone or co-transfected with a miR-124-3p inhibitor.After transfection,changes in PANC-1 cell biological functions,epithelial-mesenchymal transition related protein expression,and tumor growth ability in mice were assessed.Results:The dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed the targeting relationships between NEAT1 and miR-124-3p,as well as between miR-124-3p and CTNNB1.NEAT1 and CTNNB1 expression levels were significantly upregulated,while miR-124-3p expression was downregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues(vs.adjacent tissues)and in PANC-1 cells(vs.H6C7 cells)(all P<0.05).NEAT1 siRNA transfection led to decreased NEAT1 and CTNNB1 expression and increased miR-124-3p expression in PANC-1 cells.However,co-transfection with a miR-124-3p inhibitor suppressed the expression changes in miR-124-3p and CTNNB1(all P<0.05).NEAT1 siRNA transfection significantly reduced PANC-1 cell proliferation,migration,and invasion,while promoting apoptosis.Additionally,E-cadherin protein expression was upregulated,whereas N-cadherin and vimentin protein expression were downregulated.Tumor growth in mice was also significantly inhibited(all P<0.05).These changes were attenuated upon co-transfection with the miR-124-3p inhibitor(all P<0.05).Conclusion:NEAT1 may act as a ceRNA by competitively binding to miR-124-3p,thereby attenuating miR-124-3p-mediated inhibition of CTNNB1.This leads to CTNNB1 upregulation,ultimately promoting the malignant biological behavior of pancreatic cancer cells.

Background and Aims:Long noncoding RNA(lncRNA)nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1(NEAT1)is an oncogenic lncRNA that promotes the progression of various cancers through the competing endogenous RNA(ceRNA)mechanism.Using the TargetScan database,we previously identified binding sites between NEAT1 and microRNA-124-3p(miR-124-3p),as well as between miR-124-3p and catenin beta-1(CTNNB1).Therefore,this study was conducted to investigate the expression of NEAT1,miR-124-3p,and CTNNB1 in pancreatic cancer and their interactions affecting pancreatic cancer cell functions.Methods:A dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to validate the relationships among NEAT1,miR-124-3p,and CTNNB1.The expression levels of NEAT1 and miR-124-3p,as well as CTNNB1 protein expression,were detected in pancreatic cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues,as well as in pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells and normal pancreatic epithelial H6C7 cells.PANC-1 cells were transfected with NEAT1 siRNA alone or co-transfected with a miR-124-3p inhibitor.After transfection,changes in PANC-1 cell biological functions,epithelial-mesenchymal transition related protein expression,and tumor growth ability in mice were assessed.Results:The dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed the targeting relationships between NEAT1 and miR-124-3p,as well as between miR-124-3p and CTNNB1.NEAT1 and CTNNB1 expression levels were significantly upregulated,while miR-124-3p expression was downregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues(vs.adjacent tissues)and in PANC-1 cells(vs.H6C7 cells)(all P<0.05).NEAT1 siRNA transfection led to decreased NEAT1 and CTNNB1 expression and increased miR-124-3p expression in PANC-1 cells.However,co-transfection with a miR-124-3p inhibitor suppressed the expression changes in miR-124-3p and CTNNB1(all P<0.05).NEAT1 siRNA transfection significantly reduced PANC-1 cell proliferation,migration,and invasion,while promoting apoptosis.Additionally,E-cadherin protein expression was upregulated,whereas N-cadherin and vimentin protein expression were downregulated.Tumor growth in mice was also significantly inhibited(all P<0.05).These changes were attenuated upon co-transfection with the miR-124-3p inhibitor(all P<0.05).Conclusion:NEAT1 may act as a ceRNA by competitively binding to miR-124-3p,thereby attenuating miR-124-3p-mediated inhibition of CTNNB1.This leads to CTNNB1 upregulation,ultimately promoting the malignant biological behavior of pancreatic cancer cells.

The oropouche virus (OROV) poses a threat to pregnant women and fetuses, potentially causing fetal neurological defects and even stillbirth, which has caused global attention. OROV is an arthropod-borne virus belonging to the Orthobunyavirus genus in the Bunyavirales order, primarily transmitted by arthropods and causing oropouche fever. This article reviews the etiological characteristics, epidemiological distribution, clinical symptoms, detection methods, and prevention strategies of OROV. OROV is prevalent in Central and South America, with a sharp increase in cases reported in Brazil in 2024. The virus's symptoms resemble those of several other arthropod-borne viral diseases, which can lead to misdiagnosis. Currently, there are no specific drugs or vaccines available, and treatment is mainly supportive. Culicoides paraensis and Culex quinquefasciatus are among the significant vectors of OROV. Furthermore, the article analyzes the distribution of Culex quinquefasciatus in China, highlights the risk of imported cases, proposes targeted prevention and control strategies, and underscores the significance of international cooperation in disease prevention and control.

The oropouche virus (OROV) poses a threat to pregnant women and fetuses, potentially causing fetal neurological defects and even stillbirth, which has caused global attention. OROV is an arthropod-borne virus belonging to the Orthobunyavirus genus in the Bunyavirales order, primarily transmitted by arthropods and causing oropouche fever. This article reviews the etiological characteristics, epidemiological distribution, clinical symptoms, detection methods, and prevention strategies of OROV. OROV is prevalent in Central and South America, with a sharp increase in cases reported in Brazil in 2024. The virus's symptoms resemble those of several other arthropod-borne viral diseases, which can lead to misdiagnosis. Currently, there are no specific drugs or vaccines available, and treatment is mainly supportive. Culicoides paraensis and Culex quinquefasciatus are among the significant vectors of OROV. Furthermore, the article analyzes the distribution of Culex quinquefasciatus in China, highlights the risk of imported cases, proposes targeted prevention and control strategies, and underscores the significance of international cooperation in disease prevention and control.

Objective To investigate the application value of γ-glutamyltransferase(GGT),alkaline phosphatase(ALP)and peripheral blood neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR)in liver cancer.Methods 100 patients with liver cancer admitted to Wuming Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University from January 2012 to December 2020 were retrospectively selected to be included in liver cancer group,100 patients with cirrhosis to be included in cirrhosis group,100 patients with hepatitis to be included in hepatitis group,and 100 healthy physical examination subjects from our hospital during the same period were included in physical examination group.The GGT,ALP and NLR levels of the four groups were compared.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of each index for liver cancer.Results The levels of NLR,GGT and ALP in liver cancer group were significantly higher than those in cirrhosis group,hepatitis group and physical examination group(P<0.05).The NLR in cirrhosis group was significantly higher than that in physical examination group and hepatitis group(P<0.05).GGT and ALP in cirrhosis group and hepatitis group were significantly higher than those in physical examination group(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that NLR was positively correlated with GGT and ALP,and GGT was positively correlated with ALP(P<0.05).When NLR,GGT and ALP were detected separately,area under the curve(AUC)of NLR was the largest(0.943,95％CI:0.901-0.971,P<0.001),and AUC of ALP was the smallest.The AUC of three combined detections was 0.987(95％CI:0.959-0.998),and the sensitivity was 99.0％.Conclusion The combined detection of NLR,GGT and ALP can significantly improve the detection rate of liver cancer,and the combined detection has better application value.

Objective:To investigate the safety and efficacy of balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) for residual pulmonary hypertension (PH) of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension(CTEPH) after pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA).Methods:Patients diagnosed as PH after PEA in China-Japan Friendship Hospital from Oct 2016 to Jun 2022 were included. The indication for BPA was decided on the basis of a consensus of the multi-disciplinary team for all patients with CTEPH. Before treatment, the patient′s exercise tolerance and pulmonary artery flow parameters were evaluated. A comparative analysis of various parameters before BPA treatment and at the last BPA was conducted. 6-min walk distance (6MWD) was analyzed using the paired Wilcoxon test; N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), mixed venous oxygen saturation, mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), cardiac index (CI) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) were compared using the paired-samples t-test. WHO functional class was compared using McNemar′s test. Results:Twenty patients with a total of 130 vessels underwent 46 sessions of BPA treatment. The postoperative 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) [447 (415, 485) m] showed a significant improvement compared to the preoperative baseline [389 (335, 470) m] ( Z=6.52, P<0.05), Postoperative mixed venous oxygen saturation (72.0%±1.9%) showed a significant improvement compared to the preoperative levels (64.0%±2.7%) ( t=2.14, P<0.05).Postoperatively, plasma NT-proBNP [(351.9±129.9) pg/ml], mPAP [(24.2±1.9) mmHg], and PVR [(3.0±1.4) WU] significantly decreased compared to preoperative levels [(982.5±426.2) pg/ml, (33±2.1) mmHg, (8.0±1.6) WU)] ( t=3.38, 1.22, 2.10, P<0.05 for all). Postoperatively, there was a significant improvement in WHO functional class (Ⅰ，Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅳ: 14, 4, 2, 0 cases) compared to preoperative status (Ⅰ，Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅳ: 0, 13, 5, 2 cases) ( χ2=20.17, P<0.05). Four cases of pulmonary artery dissection and one episode of hemoptysis occurred postoperatively, with no other complications reported. Conclusions:BPA can significantly improve exercise tolerance and hemodynamic parameters for residual PH after PEA. BPA is a relatively safe and effective treatment for residual PH after PEA.

Objective:To explore the genetic characteristics and evolution of hantavirus carried by rodents in port area of Ningde in Fujian province in the summer of 2020.Methods:Rodents were captured in the port area of Ningde, the RNA was extracted from rodent lung tissues and detected by using specific kit. The positive samples were used for whole-genome sequencing of the virus. Bioinformatics software was used for the analysis on the similarity and genetic variation of the sequences.Results:A total of 112 rodents were captured, including 5 Rattus norvegicus and 2 Rattus flavipectus, the positive rate of hantavirus was 6.25% (7/112). By virus gene sequencing, two hantavirus complete genome sequences were obtained (named as FJ35 and FJ36, GenBank accession numbers: MW449188-MW449193). The genetic analysis results showed that the hantavirus detected in positive samples were SEOV and shared 99% nucleotide similarity with hantavirus strains LZSF21 and JX20140581 isolated from Shandong province. Phylogenetic analysis using the maximum likelihood method showed that the hantavirus detected in positive samples belonged to S3 subtype, sharing the same subtype with hantavirus strains Z37 from Zhejiang province, LZSF21 from Shandong province, and zy27 and Gongzhuling 415 from northeastern China. Compared with FJ372, the amino acid variation of N259S was observed at sites 251-264 of nucleoprotein, which might be related to antigenicity. Another variation of Q81R was observed in glycoprotein compared with SEOV 80-39 segment of coded amino acid of international reference strain, which might also cause the change in antigenicity. Conclusion:The high positive rate of hantavirus in rodents in the port area of Ningde- would increase the risk of natural human infection and epidemic in local area. The hantavirus positive rodents in this focus might be from an endemic area in Shandong. It is necessary to strengthen the imported rodent control in the port area of Ningde. The virus detected in 2 positive samples belonged to SEOV subtype Ⅲ and shared high homologies of nucleotides and amino acid sequences with the hantavirus strains in surrounding area. However, some slight variations occurred in glycoprotein and nucleoprotein amino acid sequences, which might cause changes in its antigeniity.