Dental implantology has developed rapidly for over half a century,since pure titanium(99.7％)dental cylindrical threaded implants were exploited and osseointegration was introduced in 1960s by Prof.Br?nemark.The long term retention rates of 10 years or more are over 95％.However,the biological complications jeopardize the long term effects of dental implant treatment seriously.The prevalence of dental implant biological complications varies greatly among different reports resulting from the disparities on the defini-tions of dental implant biological complications.After analyzing and summarizing the major opinions proposed internationally in recent years,the consensus for the definition of dental implant biological complications has been reached.Generally the dental implant biologi-cal implications can be classified into early stage(before restoration)biological complications and late stage(after restoration)biological complications.The early stage biological complications include acute and chronic infections,pain,soft tissue deficiency,and osseointegration failure,etc.The late stage complications include peri-implant diseases(peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis),soft tissue deficiency around implant,implant loosening and dropping off,etc.The various risk factors related to different dental implant biological complications,the strategies of the prevention and treatment for the dental implant biological complications have been discussed comprehensively,and the consensus has been reached.It is aimed to advocate the dentist to pay more attention to the early prevention of the biological implant complications,to promote more researches on the implant biological complications,and to help elevate the level of dental implantology in our country.

Dental implantology has developed rapidly for over half a century,since pure titanium(99.7％)dental cylindrical threaded implants were exploited and osseointegration was introduced in 1960s by Prof.Br?nemark.The long term retention rates of 10 years or more are over 95％.However,the biological complications jeopardize the long term effects of dental implant treatment seriously.The prevalence of dental implant biological complications varies greatly among different reports resulting from the disparities on the defini-tions of dental implant biological complications.After analyzing and summarizing the major opinions proposed internationally in recent years,the consensus for the definition of dental implant biological complications has been reached.Generally the dental implant biologi-cal implications can be classified into early stage(before restoration)biological complications and late stage(after restoration)biological complications.The early stage biological complications include acute and chronic infections,pain,soft tissue deficiency,and osseointegration failure,etc.The late stage complications include peri-implant diseases(peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis),soft tissue deficiency around implant,implant loosening and dropping off,etc.The various risk factors related to different dental implant biological complications,the strategies of the prevention and treatment for the dental implant biological complications have been discussed comprehensively,and the consensus has been reached.It is aimed to advocate the dentist to pay more attention to the early prevention of the biological implant complications,to promote more researches on the implant biological complications,and to help elevate the level of dental implantology in our country.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the altered pathways and genes associated with freezing damage in human sperm during cryopreservation by multiomics analysis. Materials and Methods: Fifteen fresh human semen samples were collected for transcriptomic analysis, and another 5 fresh human semen samples were obtained for metabolomic analysis. For each semen sample, 1 mL was cryopreserved, and another 1 mL was left untreated for paired design. The results were then combined with previously published proteomic results to identify key genes/pathways. Results: Cryopreservation significantly reduced sperm motility and mitochondrial structure. Transcriptomic analysis revealed altered mitochondrial function, including changes in tRNA-methyltransferase activity and adenosine tri-phosphate/adenosine di-phosphate transmembrane transporter activity. Metabolomic analysis showed that the citrate cycle in mitochondria was significantly altered. Combining transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses revealed 346 genes that were altered in at least two omics analyses. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that metabolic pathways were significantly altered and strongly associated with mitochondria. Five genes were altered in all three omics analyses: COL11A1, COL18A1, LPCAT3, NME1, and NNT. Conclusions Five genes were identified by multiomics analysis in human cryopreserved sperm. These genes might have specific functions in cryopreservation. Explorations of the functions of these genes will be helpful for sperm cryopreservation and sperm motility improvement or even for reproduction in the future.

Objective:To explore the robust relationship between insomnia and type 2 diabetes mellitus by two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to overcome confounding factors and reverse causality in observational studies.Methods:We identified strong,independent single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)of insomnia from the most up to date genome wide association studies(GWAS)within European ancestors and applied them as instrumental variable to GWAS of type 2 diabetes mellitus.After excluding SNPs that were significantly associated with smoking,physical activity,alcohol consumption,educational attainment,obesity,or type 2 diabetes mellitus,we assessed the impact of insomnia on type 2 diabetes mellitus using inverse variance weighting(IVW)method.Weighted median and MR-Egger regression analysis were also conducted to test the robustness of the association.We calculated the F statistic of the selected SNPs to test the applicability of instrumental variable and F statistic over than ten indicated that there was little possibility of bias of weak instrumental variables.We further examined the existence of pleiotropy by testing whether the intercept term in MR-Egger regression was significantly different from ze-ro.In addition,the leave-one-out method was used for sensitivity analysis to verify the stability and relia-bility of the results.Results:We selected 248 SNPs independently associated with insomnia at the genome-wide level(P＜5 ×10-8)as a preliminary candidate set of instrumental variables.After clum-ping based on the reference panel from 1000 Genome Project and removing the potential pleiotropic SNPs,a total of 167 SNPs associated with insomnia were included as final instrumental variables.The F statistic of this study was 39.74,which was in line with the relevance assumption of Mendelian randomi-zation.IVW method showed insomnia was associated with higher risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus that po-pulation with insomnia were 1.14 times more likely to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus than those without insomnia(95％CI:1.09-1.21,P＜0.001).The weighted median estimator(WME)method and MR-Egger regression showed similar causal effect of insomnia on type 2 diabetes mellitus.And MR-Egger re-gression also showed that the effect was less likely to be triggered by pleiotropy.Sensitivity analyses pro-duced directionally similar estimates.Conclusion:Insomnia is a risk factor of type 2 diabetes mellitus,which has positively effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus.Our study provides further rationale for indivi-duals at risk for diabetes to keep healthy lifestyle.

Objective To investigate the infection sites,pathogen distribution and risk factors of nosocomial infection after craniocerebral surgery.Methods This is a case-control study.Eighty patients with a mean age of(63.2±8.2)years who developed hospital acquired infections after craniocerebral treatment at Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from January 2018 to December 2021 were assigned to infection group.Eighty patients with a mean age of(61.7±7.8)years who underwent craniocerebral surgery during the same period but did not develop hospital acquired infections were allocated to control group.The medical records and laboratory examination data of the patients were reviewed.Infection sites and pathogen characteristics in patients with hospital acquired infections after craniocerebral surgery were analyzed.Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to explore the risk factors for hospital acquired infections after craniocerebral surgery.Results The respiratory system was mainly infected in the 80 patients with hospital acquired infection after craniocerebral surgery(58.75%),followed by urinary system(22.50%).The main pathogenic bacteria in patients with respiratory system,urinary system and nervous system infections were Gram-negative bacteria.Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in patients with blood system infection accounted for 50%,respectively.There was no significant difference in the composition of pathogenic bacteria among patients with infections in different parts of the body(P>0.05).In 51 patients with Gram-negative bacterial infections,the main pathogenic bacteria were Escherichia coli(26.25%)and Acinetobacter baumannii(15.00%).In 29 patients with Gram-positive bacterial infections,the main pathogenic bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus(16.25%)and Enterococcus faecalis(11.25%).Logistic regression model showed that non class Ⅰ incision,external ventricular drainage,cerebrospinal fluid leakage,non-prophylactic use of antibiotics before surgery,and indwelling catheter were independent risk factors for infection related complications in patients undergoing craniocerebral surgery(all P<0.05).Conclusion The respiratory system and urinary system are mainly involved in patients with nosocomial infection after craniocerebral surgery.The main pathogenic bacteria are Gram-negative bacteria.Non class Ⅰ incisions,external ventricular drainage,leakage of cerebrospinal fluid,non-prophylactic use of antibiotics before surgery,and indwelling catheter may increase the risk of postoperative infection.

OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of novel oral anticoagulants （NOAC） in the treatment of cancer-related venous thromboembolism （VTE） patients. METHODS Retrieved from PubMed， Cochrane Library， Embase， Web of Science， CNKI， and Wanfang database from the establishment of each database to August， 2023， randomized controlled trials （RCTs） about the efficacy of low-molecular-weight heparin （LMWH， control group） versus NOAC （trial group） in the treatment of cancer-related VTE patients were collected. After extracting the data from included clinical studies， meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.0 statistical software. RESULTS A total of 7 RCTs were included， with a total of 3 790 patients. Compared with the control group， the recurrence rate of VTE in the trial group was significantly reduced （RR＝0.65， 95%CI 0.51-0.82， P＝0.000 4）， while the incidence of major bleeding was slightly higher than in the control group， but the difference was not statistically significant （RR＝1.13， 95%CI 0.83-1.53， P＝0.45）. The incidence of clinically relevant non-major bleeding （RR＝1.69， 95%CI 1.34-2.13， P＜0.000 01） and gastrointestinal bleeding （RR＝1.96， 95%CI 1.15-3.34， P＝0.01） in the trial group was significantly higher than in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage， all-cause mortality， and fatal pulmonary embolism between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS For cancer-related VTE patients， NOAC is superior to LMWH in preventing venous thrombosis recurrence， and is not inferior to LMWH in terms of major bleeding， intracranial hemorrhage， all-cause mortality， and fatal pulmonary embolism.

The accumulation and spread of prion-like proteins is a key feature of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, or Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. In a process known as 'seeding', prion-like proteins such as amyloid beta, microtubule-associated protein tau, α-synuclein, silence superoxide dismutase 1, or transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 kDa, propagate their misfolded conformations by transforming their respective soluble monomers into fibrils. Cellular and molecular evidence of prion-like propagation in NDs, the clinical relevance of their 'seeding' capacities, and their levels of contribution towards disease progression have been intensively studied over recent years. This review unpacks the cyclic prion-like propagation in cells including factors of aggregate internalization, endo-lysosomal leaking, aggregate degradation, and secretion. Debates on the importance of the role of prion-like protein aggregates in NDs, whether causal or consequent, are also discussed. Applications lead to a greater understanding of ND pathogenesis and increased potential for therapeutic strategies.
Humans ; Prions ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/pathology* ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Alzheimer Disease ; alpha-Synuclein ; tau Proteins ; Parkinson Disease

Objective To monitor the antifungal resistance of clinical isolates of Candida spp.in the East China region.Methods MALDI-TOF MS or molecular methods were used to re-identify the strains collected from January 2018 to December 2022.Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed using the broth microdilution method.The susceptibility test results were interpreted according to the breakpoints of 2022 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)documents M27 M44s-Ed3 and M57s-Ed4.Results A total of 3 026 strains of Candida were collected,65.33％of which were isolated from sterile body sites,mainly from blood(38.86％)and pleural effusion/ascites(10.21％).The predominant species of Candida were Candida albicans(44.51％),followed by Candida parapsilosis complex(19.46％),Candida tropicalis(13.98％),Candida glabrata(10.34％),and other Candida species(0.79％).Candida albicans showed overall high susceptibility rates to the 10 antifungal drugs tested(the lowest rate being 93.62％).Only 2.97％of the strains showed dose-dependent susceptibility(SDD)to fluconazole.Candida parapsilosis complex had a SDD rate of 2.61％and a resistance rate of 9.42％to fluconazole,and susceptibility rates above 90％to other drugs.Candida glabrata had a SDD rate of 92.01％and a resistance rate of 7.99％to fluconazole,resistance rates of 32.27％and 48.24％to posaconazole and voriconazole non-wild-type strains(NWT),respectively,and susceptibility rates above 90％to other drugs.Candida tropicalis had resistance rates of 29.55％and 26.24％to fluconazole and voriconazole,respectively,resistance rates of 76.60％and 21.99％to posaconazole and echinocandins non-wild-type strains(NWT),and a resistance rate of 2.36％to echinocandins.Conclusions The prevalence and species distribution of Candida spp.in the East China region are consistent with previous domestic and international reports.Candida glabrata exhibits certain degree of resistance to fluconazole,while Candida tropicalis demonstrates higher resistance to triazole drugs.Additionally,echinocandins resistance has emerged in Candida albicans,Candida glabrata,Candida tropicalis,and Candida parapsilosis.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of acupuncture on post-stroke insomnia.Methods 148 outpatients and inpatients with post-stroke insomnia were recruited in the Shanghai municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 2016 to January 2018.They were randomly divided into two groups,acupuncture group(n=74)and control group(n=74).The acupuncture group was treated with GV20,GV24,GV29,HN22,HT7 and SP6 20 minutes each time,3 times per week for 4 weeks.The follow-up was after 4 weeks.The control group was treated with sham acupuncture on the same acupoints.The needles did not pierce the skin.The Insomnia Severity Index Scale(ISI),the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS)and the Stroke Special Quality of Life Scale(SS-QoL)were used to evaluate the patients before treatment,after 2 weeks of treatment,after 4 weeks of treatment and follow-up.The occurrence of adverse events of acupuncture was also recorded.Results ① ISI:after 2 weeks of treatment,4 weeks of treatment and follow-up,the score of treatment group was decreased compared with the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01).Compared with baseline,the ISI score of the treatment group was decreased after 4 weeks of treatment(P＜0.05).② HADS score:The difference between 4-week treatment and baseline score of the HADS-A,the difference between the treatment group and the control group was statistically significant(P＜0.01);the difference between 4-week treatment and baseline,and between follow-up and baseline score of the HADS-D,the difference between the treatment group and the control group was statistically significant(P＜0.01).③SS-QoL score:The difference between 2-week treatment and baseline,between 4-week treatment and baseline,and between follow-up and baseline score of the SS-QoL,the difference between the treatment group and the control group was statistically significant(P＜0.01).Conclusion Acupuncture is an effective and safe therapy in improving the severity of insomnia of patients with post-stroke insomnia.Compared with sham acupuncture,acupuncture can improve the anxiety and depression status and quality of life of patients.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Tongdu Tiaoyang rolling needle pricking-cupping(RNP-C)therapy for cervical spondylosis of qi stagnation and blood stasis type.Methods A total of 90 patients with cervical spondylosis of qi stagnation and blood stasis type were randomly divided into the rolling needle pricking-cupping(RNP-C)group and the electroacupuncture(EA)group,with 45 cases in either group.Both groups were treated with electroacupuncture at Tianzhu(BL 10),Jingjiaji(EX-B2),Houxi(SI 3),Shenmai(BL 62),Xuanzhong(GB 39),Geshu(BL 17),Hegu(LI 4)and Ashi points with continuous wave and 2 Hz of frequency for once a day,7 times as a treatment course.On the basis of electroacupuncture treatment,the rolling needle pricking-cupping(RNP-C)group was treated with bloodletting by rolling needle on the neck Du Mai and three yang channels,from Fengfu(DU 16)to Taodao(DU 13),Yuzhen(BL 9)to Dazhu(BL 11),Fengchi(GB 20)to Jianjing(GB 21),and Yifeng(SJ 17)to Tianyou(SJ 16),followed by fire cupping,for once every other day,and 3 times in all.The visual analogue scale(VAS)scores and Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores(JOA)were observed before and after treatment,and the efficacy was evaluated.Results Compared before treatment,the scores of VAS in either group were all significantly reduced after treatment(P＜0.01).The scores of VAS in the RNP-C group were significantly inferior to those in the EA group after treatment(P＜0.01).Compared before treatment,the scores of JOA in either group were all significantly promoted after treatment(P＜0.01).The differences of JOA scores between the RNP-C group and EA group after treatment were not significant(P＞0.05).The therapeutic effecacy of the RNP-C group is superior to that of the traditional EA group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Tongdu Tiaoyang rolling needle pricking-cupping(RNP-C)therapy combining with traditional electroacupuncture could improve the cervical pain symptoms of patients with cervical spondylosis of qi stagnation and blood stasis type in a short period of time,and the clinical efficacy is better than traditional electroacupuncture.