Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a life-threatening gastrointestinal disorder for which no effective pharmacological treatments are currently available. One of the pharmacological targets that merits further research is the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R), which is found on pancreatic acinar cells and responds to the neuropeptide substance P (SP) that participates in AP. Although a few studies have stated the involvement of SP/NK1R in neurogenic inflammation in AP development, the regulatory mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we found that following activation of NK1R by SP, β-arrestin1, a scaffold protein of NK1R, down-regulated transcription of Adss, Adsl, and Ampd in the purine nucleotide cycle, thereby inhibiting mitochondrial function through fumarate depletion. Interestingly, we identified magnolol as a new and natural NK1R inhibitor with a non-nitrogenous biphenyl core structure. It exhibited a beneficial effect on AP by restoring purine nucleotide cycle metabolic enzymes and fumarate levels. Our study not only provides new therapeutic strategies, leading compounds, and drug translation possibilities for AP, but also provides important clues for the study of downstream mechanisms driven by SP in other diseases.

By combing the development of tongue image,this paper analyzes the image features,advantages and disadvantages of different stages,and makes it clear that tongue image is an important carrier of clinical information of tongue diagnosis.It has been regarded as an important way to understand tongue image since the first monograph on tongue diagnosis.The article also analyzes the formation and development of modern digital and standardized tongue image,and explains the role and value of tongue image in the development of TCM tongue diagnosis terminology,providing reference for the formulation of international standards of TCM diagnosis terminology and the consensus reached by international experts.

Objective:Analysis of hepatitis B surface antigen negative donations, initial detection of reactivity followed by subsequent differential tests or repeat the infection status of non-discriminated reactive (NDR) unresponsive blood donors to explore whether different nucleic acid detection systems have differences in the detection of HBsAg -/NDR. Methods:The test result and reactivity rates of blood donor samples received from January 2020 to August 2022 were compared, and some samples were repeated for both nucleic acid testing systems, and the characteristics of the HBsAg -/HBV DNA + blood donors were analyzed. Results:Through the analysis of nucleic acid result from January 2020 to August 2022, repeated nucleic acid detection can improve the detection of HBsAg -/NDR blood donors, and the detection rate is offset in different cycle threshold valve ( Ct value) intervals or different sample absorbance to cut-off absorbance ratio ( S/ CO value) interval. Also grouping of Ct values or S/ CO values revealed that there was variability in detection rates between intervals in the two nucleic acid detection systems (PCR: X2=108.23, P<0.001, TMA: X2=40.95, P<0.001), mainly concentrated in Ct values less than 38.5 or S/ CO values between 10 and 15. And analysis of selected HBsAg -/HBV DNA + blood donor populations revealed that repeat nucleic acid testing was found for donors of different age ( X2=9.38, P=0.025), number of blood donations ( X2=22.52, P<0.001), occupation ( X2=24.92, P=0.002) and education level ( X2=10.37, P=0.016) significant differences, while there was no statistically significant difference for blood donors by gender ( X2=9.38, P>0.05), with far more males (67.50%) than females. Conclusions:For blood donors with a Ct value of less than 38.5, or an S/ CO value between 10 and 15, or a blood donor at the age of 41 to 50 years, another detection technology can be combined to improve the detection rate, reduce the potential risk of virus transmission of HBsAg -/NDR blood donors, and ensure the safety of clinical blood.

Objective:To analyze the situation of hepatitis B enzyme immunoassay-positive but nucleic acid negative infection (HBsAg ELISA(+ )/HBV-DNA(-)) among unpaid blood donors in Zhejiang Blood Center, and to explore the causes of inconsistency between enzyme immunoassay and nucleic acid result.Methods:A single nucleic acid test was performed on blood donors whose routine blood screening result were HBsAg-ELISA(+ )/HBV-DNA(-), and the test result of such blood donors were analyzed.Results:A total of 205 HBsAg-ELISA(+ )/HBV-DNA(-) samples were screened from 114017 blood donors from May to November, 2022. The proportion of male blood donors (0.14%) were significantly lower than that of the female blood donors (0.24%)( χ2= 14.761, P<0.005); the proportion of the first blood donor (0.32%) was significantly higher than that of the second blood donor (0.09%) ( χ2 = 78.781, P<0.005); the difference between different education levels is statistically significant ( χ2 =47.753, P<0.005). After single-person nucleic acid re-detection, the re-detection rate of nucleic acid in ELISA double-reagent positive samples was higher than that in single-reagent positive samples ( χ2=94.378, P<0.005); there was no significant difference between ELISA reagent 1 and reagent 2 in the detection rate of nucleic acid ( χ2 =0.163, P>0.005). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of secondary nucleic acid detection between the two nucleic acid detection systems ( χ2=0.626, P>0.005). Serological supplementary test showed that 11 HBV-DNA(+ ) samples showed two serological combination patterns after chemiluminescence detection, namely HBsAg(+ )/HBeAb(+ ) and HBeAb(+ ), most of which were HBsAg(+ )/HBeAb (+ ), a total of 10 cases, accounting for 90.91%, and only one case was HBeAb (+ ), accounting for 9.09%. The quantitative result of HBsAg showed that most of them were at low HBsAg level. Conclusions:After re-detection by single nucleic acid detection method, HBsAg-ELISA(+ )/HBV-DNA(-) samples of blood donors do have a certain proportion of HBV-DNA(+ ), but most of the samples were still HBV-DNA (-), additional experiments on HBV serological markers and HBV-DNA are needed to determine their true infection status and clarify the reasons for the inconsistency between enzyme immunoassay and nucleic acid test result. In addition, nucleic acid and HBsAg detection reagents with high sensitivity and specificity should be selected as far as possible in blood donor screening to ensure the accuracy of result.

Objective:To observe the effect of local excision under ultrasonography with immediate mammoplasty in granulomatous lobular mastitis.Methods:Fifty-three patients with granulomatous lobular mastitis admitted from Jan 2017 to Jul 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Combined with sonographic findings and clinical manifestations, patients were divided into four types: type Ⅰ, single mass; Type Ⅱ, single mass located in one quadrant with one or no skin lesion; Type Ⅲ, multi-quadrant involved with one or no skin lesion; Type Ⅳ, multiple abscesses with multiple lesions in the skin. Twenty-five patients underwent wide local excision (control group); Twenty-eight patients underwent local excision under ultrasonography with immediate mammoplasty (experiment group). Patients with erythema nodosum or in type Ⅳ were given antibiotics and corticosteroid therapy preoperatively for 1 week and postoperatively for 5 days. The others went straight to surgery.Results:All patients were followed up for 1 year. In the experiment group, 28 patients had primary wound healing, and 3 patients had poor wound healing after operation (all were of type Ⅳ). The control group had 6 cases of recurrence(were of type Ⅲ and type Ⅳ). There was significant difference of the recurrence rate between the two groups (0 vs. 24%, χ 2=6.033, P=0.014), and the aesthetic effect of local excision under ultrasonography with immediate mammoplasty was better than that of wide local excision(93% vs. 68%, χ 2=5.330, P=0.020). Conclusion:The recurrence rate of local excision under ultrasonography with immediate mammoplasty is low, and with a satisfactory cosmetic effect.

Objective:To examine the effect of“lesion removal plus whole breast exploration and washing plus micro-plastic surgery”in granulomatous lobular mastitis.Methods:A single-center prospective randomized controlled study method was used to enroll patients diagnosed with granulomatous lobular mastitis for whom surgical procedures were projected from March 2017 to September 2019 at Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. The sample size is determined by the superiority test. Based on the literatures and the previous work, the two groups require 97 cases. Fifty-two patients underwent“lesion removal+whole breast exploration and washing plus micro-plastic surgery”(observation group). Forty-five cases underwent“empirical breast lesion resection plus fascia tissue flap plasty plus nipple and areola correction”(control group). The primary study endpoint is the recurrence rate, and the secondary study endpoints include surgical complications, incision healing time, and postoperative patient satisfaction. Independent sample t test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, χ2 test and Fisher exact test were used for comparison between groups. Results:All procedures were completed successful, with no severe complications. All patients were followed up for (15.2±1.9) months (range: 12 to 24 months). There were no significant differences in incidence of postoperative complications (7.7% (4/52) vs. 6.7%(3/45), P=1), drainage time ((8.6±0.6) days vs. (8.4±0.8) days, t=1.921, P=0.053) and hospital stay ((7.7±0.6) days vs. (7.6±0.5) days, t=1.633, P=0.102) between the two groups. The recurrence rate of the observation group was lower significantly than that of the control group (3.8% (2/52) vs. 24.4%(11/45), χ2=8.819, P=0.003). The observation group had better cosmetic effects ( Z=-2.657, P=0.008) and patient satisfaction than control group ( Z=-5.730, P=0.000). Conclusion:The “lesion removal plus whole breast exploration and flushing plus micro-plastic surgery” has a good therapeutic effect and cosmetic value for patients with refractory granulomatous lobular mastitis.

Objective:To examine the effect of“lesion removal plus whole breast exploration and washing plus micro-plastic surgery”in granulomatous lobular mastitis.Methods:A single-center prospective randomized controlled study method was used to enroll patients diagnosed with granulomatous lobular mastitis for whom surgical procedures were projected from March 2017 to September 2019 at Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. The sample size is determined by the superiority test. Based on the literatures and the previous work, the two groups require 97 cases. Fifty-two patients underwent“lesion removal+whole breast exploration and washing plus micro-plastic surgery”(observation group). Forty-five cases underwent“empirical breast lesion resection plus fascia tissue flap plasty plus nipple and areola correction”(control group). The primary study endpoint is the recurrence rate, and the secondary study endpoints include surgical complications, incision healing time, and postoperative patient satisfaction. Independent sample t test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, χ2 test and Fisher exact test were used for comparison between groups. Results:All procedures were completed successful, with no severe complications. All patients were followed up for (15.2±1.9) months (range: 12 to 24 months). There were no significant differences in incidence of postoperative complications (7.7% (4/52) vs. 6.7%(3/45), P=1), drainage time ((8.6±0.6) days vs. (8.4±0.8) days, t=1.921, P=0.053) and hospital stay ((7.7±0.6) days vs. (7.6±0.5) days, t=1.633, P=0.102) between the two groups. The recurrence rate of the observation group was lower significantly than that of the control group (3.8% (2/52) vs. 24.4%(11/45), χ2=8.819, P=0.003). The observation group had better cosmetic effects ( Z=-2.657, P=0.008) and patient satisfaction than control group ( Z=-5.730, P=0.000). Conclusion:The “lesion removal plus whole breast exploration and flushing plus micro-plastic surgery” has a good therapeutic effect and cosmetic value for patients with refractory granulomatous lobular mastitis.

Objective: To investigate clinical application of self-designed organ traction bag in male genital immobilization during radiotherapy. Methods: The male patients in the Department of Radiation Oncology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital from August 2018 to June 2019 were immobilized by using organ traction bag. Clinical effect was evaluated by subjective and objective ways which were the location relationship between contents and reference field under visual observation and fluoroscopy, and setup errors by CBCT images. Results: A total of 11 patients were selected, including 3 seminoma, 2 low rectal carcinoma, 2 prostatic carcinoma, 4 pelvic lymph nodes and bone metastases, with mean age 57.18 years old. Patients received 273 times of treatment and 55 times of CBCT verifications in all. Analysis results that the setup errors of the whole group in upper and lower (Vrt), head and foot (Lng), left and right (Lat) directions are less than 0.5 cm, within acceptable clinical threshold. The contents under visual observation and fluoroscopy were not in reference field and were fixed well. Conclusions Organ traction bag provides stable effect on male genital immobilization while taking patients’ privacy and clinical operability into account. It has high clinical application value in radiotherapy involving male genital protection.

Objective To investigate the long-term efficacy and prognosis of concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone and concurrent chemoradiotherapy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for stage ⅡB-ⅢB cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed among 171 patients with stage ⅡB-ⅢBcervical squamous cell carcinoma who were admitted to our hospital and had complete follow-up data from February 1,2005 to October 31,2011. Results The median follow-up time was 66 months. There were no significant differences in the 3-or 5-year overall survival rates between the concurrent group and the neoadjuvant group(81.4% vs.75.9%,74.3% vs.67.2%,P=0.469).According to the subgroup analysis,there was no correlation between lymph node metastasis and survival curve(P=0.310,P=0.151).The univariate and Cox multivariate analyses showed that tumor size,lymph node metastasis,and concurrent chemotherapy method were independent prognostic factors for cervical cancer(P<0.05).For the patients with lymph node metastasis, the neoadjuvant group had a significantly higher pelvic local recurrence rate than the concurrent group (P=0.047),while there were no significant differences in mortality,distant metastasis,or long-term adverse reactions between the two groups(all P>0.05).For the patients without lymph node metastasis,the neoadjuvant group had a significantly higher incidence of grade 3-4 bone marrow suppression than the concurrent group (P=0.016), while there were no significant differences in mortality,local recurrence,distant metastasis,or long-term adverse reactions between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions Concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone and concurrent chemoradiotherapy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy achieve similar treatment outcomes in patients with stage ⅡB-ⅢBcervical squamous cell carcinoma,no matter whether they have lymph node metastasis or not. Tumor size,lymph node metastasis,and concurrent chemotherapy method are independent prognostic factors.Neoadjuvant chemotherapy increases the risk of grade 3-4 marrow suppression during concurrent chemoradiotherapy,prolongs irradiation time,and increases the risk of local recurrence.

BACKGROUND: A simple use of antibiotic drugs as anti-infection therapy after joint replacement is not enough for subsequent debridement and secondary revision surgeries. Therefore, our team intended to confirm the feasible use of controlled-release microspheres in the local anti-infection treatment.OBJECTIVE: To prepare the Human beta defense 3 (HBD-3)/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) micro-spheres and to investigate the microsphere physicochemical properties and drug release profile in vitro.METHODS: With PLGA as a carrier,HBD-3/PLGA controlled-release microspheres were prepared by using double emulsion-solvent evaporation method. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe its surface morphology.The size of each microsphere was accurately determined using scaleplate. Drug loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency of HBD-3/PLGA controlled-release microspheres were calculated using spectrophotometer. HBD-3/PLGA microsphere controlled-release time was determined in order to analyze the drug release profile of the microsphere. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The HBD-3/PLGA controlled-release microsphere possessed smooth surface, uniform distribution and good liquidity.The average particle size was 219.49 nm, the drug loading capacity of HBD-3 was (20.67±0.17)% and the encapsulation efficiency was (54.52±1.31)%. The cumulative release percentage of HBD-3 was(74.12±0.43)%. The HBD-3/PLGA controlled-release microsphere has well controlled-release performance in vitro. In theory, the purpose of antibacterial controlled-release can be achieved,laying a foundation for subsequent animal antibacterial experiments.