AIM:To prepare radix scutellariae mi-croemulsion gel and investigate its therapeutic ef-fect on chronic eczema based on the previous re-search of radix scutellariae self microemulsion.METHODS:The gel matrix and humectant were op-timized by single factor method and response sur-face method to obtain the formula and preparation technique of the gel.The Franz diffusion cell meth-od was used to evaluate the transdermal proper-ties of microemulsion and microemulsion gel in vi-tro.By establishing a chronic eczema model in the mouse ear,the swelling degree,swelling inhibition rate,pathological changes and tumor necrosis fac-tor a(TNF-a),Interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and interleukin-6(IL-6)of radix scutellariae microemulsion gel were measured,to investigate the therapeutic ef-fect on chronic eczema in mice.RESULTS:The physi-cal and chemical properties of radix scutellariae mi-croemulsion gel were stable.Compared with micro-emulsion,the microemulsion gel had better trans-dermal performance.The cumulative transdermal amount of baicalein and wogonin,the main compo-nents of microemulsion gel,was 1.85 times and 2.77 times of that of microemulsion respectively.Moreover,the steady flow rate and permeability co-efficient of microemulsion gel significantly in-creased,and the lag time significantly shortened.Pharmacodynamic study showed that compared with the model group,the radix scutellariae micro-emulsion gel could significantly reduce the ear swelling of mice(P＜0.05),and the serum inflamma-tory factor TNF-a,IL-1β and IL-6 reduced content by over 37％.Compared with the radix scutellaria aqueous extract and aqueous extract gel,the treat-ment of chronic eczema was better.CONCLUSION:The preparation process of radix scutellaria micro-emulsion gel is feasible,with strong transdermal property,and a significant therapeutic effect on chronic eczema.

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE)is a major cause of newborn mortality and childhood disability.Despite hypothermia treat-ment being the current standard method,it has its limitations and often produces unsatisfactory out-comes.Additionally,due to time and equipment constraints,hypothermia treatment cannot be promptly administered,leading to high mortality rates or varying levels of neurological impairments even after treatment.Hence,the exploration of al-ternative and effective treatment methods for HIE has become a challenging and highly researched topic in the field of neonatology.Research has shown that HIE induces intricate changes in the neurological system at the physiological,cellular,and molecular levels.Circular RNA(circRNA)exhib-its high expression in the central nervous system and plays a role in regulating physiological and pathophysiological processes.Therefore,circRNA holds promise as a potential therapeutic target for HIE.This article provides a comprehensive over-view of the regulatory effects of circRNA on differ-ent types of neural cells in HIE,aiming to offer new theoretical foundations for the treatment of HIE.

AIM: To prepare radix scutellariae microemulsion gel and investigate its therapeutic effect on chronic eczema based on the previous research of radix scutellariae self microemulsion. METHODS: The gel matrix and humectant were optimized by single factor method and response surface method to obtain the formula and preparation technique of the gel. The Franz diffusion cell method was used to evaluate the transdermal properties of microemulsion and microemulsion gel in vitro. By establishing a chronic eczema model in the mouse ear, the swelling degree, swelling inhibition rate, pathological changes and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin - 6 (IL-6) of radix scutellariae microemulsion gel were measured, to investigate the therapeutic effect on chronic eczema in mice. RESULTS: The physical and chemical properties of radix scutellariae microemulsion gel were stable. Compared with microemulsion, the microemulsion gel had better transdermal performance. The cumulative transdermal amount of baicalein and wogonin, the main components of microemulsion gel, was 1.85 times and 2.77 times of that of microemulsion respectively. Moreover, the steady flow rate and permeability coefficient of microemulsion gel significantly increased, and the lag time significantly shortened. Pharmacodynamic study showed that compared with the model group, the radix scutellariae microemulsion gel could significantly reduce the ear swelling of mice (P<0.05), and the serum inflammatory factor TNF - α, IL-1β and IL-6 reduced content by over 37%. Compared with the radix scutellaria aqueous extract and aqueous extract gel, the treatment of chronic eczema was better. CONCLUSION: The preparation process of radix scutellaria microemulsion gel is feasible, with strong transdermal property, and a significant therapeutic effect on chronic eczema.

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a major cause of newborn mortality and childhood disability. Despite hypothermia treatment being the current standard method, it has its limitations and often produces unsatisfactory outcomes. Additionally, due to time and equipment constraints, hypothermia treatment cannot be promptly administered, leading to high mortality rates or varying levels of neurological impairments even after treatment. Hence, the exploration of alternative and effective treatment methods for HIE has become a challenging and highly researched topic in the field of neonatology. Research has shown that HIE induces intricate changes in the neurological system at the physiological, cellular, and molecular levels. Circular RNA (circRNA) exhibits high expression in the central nervous system and plays a role in regulating physiological and pathophysiological processes. Therefore, circRNA holds promise as a potential therapeutic target for HIE. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the regulatory effects of circRNA on different types of neural cells in HIE, aiming to offer new theoretical foundations for the treatment of HIE.

The treatment of bi （痹） disease in The Inner Canon of Yellow Emperor （《黄帝内经》） is mainly based on acupuncture therapy. There are differences in needling depth， angle， needling techniques， number of needles and the selection of needle instruments. By reviewing literature， it is found that in The Inner Canon of Yellow Emperor， five body constituents （skin， vessel， flesh， sinew， bone） disease location differentiation is taken as the principle for the diagnosis and treatment of bi disease， guiding the needle to the lesion level where the disease is located， and according to the severity of the disease， the characteristics of pathological qi and other factors， the choice of specific acupuncture method and needles are made. This paper summarized and grouped the 17 kinds of acupuncture methods for the treatment of bi disease according to the different five body consitutuents disease location. For needle instruments， filiform needles which can softly unblock and regulate qi are often used in the treatment of bi disease. Lance needles are good at treating vessel bi with the function of clearing blood and moving qi. Round-sharp needles and fire needles are applicable for sinew bi， among which fire needles are especially good at that induced by cold. Long needles have advantages for deep-seated bi disease due to their long needle body. The puncturing method should be in accordance with the needle instruments. The five body instituents disease location differentiation and treatment is a unique system of acupuncture in the treatment of bi disease， which is worthy of more inheritance and application.

AIM:To prepare radix scutellariae mi-croemulsion gel and investigate its therapeutic ef-fect on chronic eczema based on the previous re-search of radix scutellariae self microemulsion.METHODS:The gel matrix and humectant were op-timized by single factor method and response sur-face method to obtain the formula and preparation technique of the gel.The Franz diffusion cell meth-od was used to evaluate the transdermal proper-ties of microemulsion and microemulsion gel in vi-tro.By establishing a chronic eczema model in the mouse ear,the swelling degree,swelling inhibition rate,pathological changes and tumor necrosis fac-tor a(TNF-a),Interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and interleukin-6(IL-6)of radix scutellariae microemulsion gel were measured,to investigate the therapeutic ef-fect on chronic eczema in mice.RESULTS:The physi-cal and chemical properties of radix scutellariae mi-croemulsion gel were stable.Compared with micro-emulsion,the microemulsion gel had better trans-dermal performance.The cumulative transdermal amount of baicalein and wogonin,the main compo-nents of microemulsion gel,was 1.85 times and 2.77 times of that of microemulsion respectively.Moreover,the steady flow rate and permeability co-efficient of microemulsion gel significantly in-creased,and the lag time significantly shortened.Pharmacodynamic study showed that compared with the model group,the radix scutellariae micro-emulsion gel could significantly reduce the ear swelling of mice(P＜0.05),and the serum inflamma-tory factor TNF-a,IL-1β and IL-6 reduced content by over 37％.Compared with the radix scutellaria aqueous extract and aqueous extract gel,the treat-ment of chronic eczema was better.CONCLUSION:The preparation process of radix scutellaria micro-emulsion gel is feasible,with strong transdermal property,and a significant therapeutic effect on chronic eczema.

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE)is a major cause of newborn mortality and childhood disability.Despite hypothermia treat-ment being the current standard method,it has its limitations and often produces unsatisfactory out-comes.Additionally,due to time and equipment constraints,hypothermia treatment cannot be promptly administered,leading to high mortality rates or varying levels of neurological impairments even after treatment.Hence,the exploration of al-ternative and effective treatment methods for HIE has become a challenging and highly researched topic in the field of neonatology.Research has shown that HIE induces intricate changes in the neurological system at the physiological,cellular,and molecular levels.Circular RNA(circRNA)exhib-its high expression in the central nervous system and plays a role in regulating physiological and pathophysiological processes.Therefore,circRNA holds promise as a potential therapeutic target for HIE.This article provides a comprehensive over-view of the regulatory effects of circRNA on differ-ent types of neural cells in HIE,aiming to offer new theoretical foundations for the treatment of HIE.

AIM:To prepare radix scutellariae mi-croemulsion gel and investigate its therapeutic ef-fect on chronic eczema based on the previous re-search of radix scutellariae self microemulsion.METHODS:The gel matrix and humectant were op-timized by single factor method and response sur-face method to obtain the formula and preparation technique of the gel.The Franz diffusion cell meth-od was used to evaluate the transdermal proper-ties of microemulsion and microemulsion gel in vi-tro.By establishing a chronic eczema model in the mouse ear,the swelling degree,swelling inhibition rate,pathological changes and tumor necrosis fac-tor a(TNF-a),Interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and interleukin-6(IL-6)of radix scutellariae microemulsion gel were measured,to investigate the therapeutic ef-fect on chronic eczema in mice.RESULTS:The physi-cal and chemical properties of radix scutellariae mi-croemulsion gel were stable.Compared with micro-emulsion,the microemulsion gel had better trans-dermal performance.The cumulative transdermal amount of baicalein and wogonin,the main compo-nents of microemulsion gel,was 1.85 times and 2.77 times of that of microemulsion respectively.Moreover,the steady flow rate and permeability co-efficient of microemulsion gel significantly in-creased,and the lag time significantly shortened.Pharmacodynamic study showed that compared with the model group,the radix scutellariae micro-emulsion gel could significantly reduce the ear swelling of mice(P＜0.05),and the serum inflamma-tory factor TNF-a,IL-1β and IL-6 reduced content by over 37％.Compared with the radix scutellaria aqueous extract and aqueous extract gel,the treat-ment of chronic eczema was better.CONCLUSION:The preparation process of radix scutellaria micro-emulsion gel is feasible,with strong transdermal property,and a significant therapeutic effect on chronic eczema.

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE)is a major cause of newborn mortality and childhood disability.Despite hypothermia treat-ment being the current standard method,it has its limitations and often produces unsatisfactory out-comes.Additionally,due to time and equipment constraints,hypothermia treatment cannot be promptly administered,leading to high mortality rates or varying levels of neurological impairments even after treatment.Hence,the exploration of al-ternative and effective treatment methods for HIE has become a challenging and highly researched topic in the field of neonatology.Research has shown that HIE induces intricate changes in the neurological system at the physiological,cellular,and molecular levels.Circular RNA(circRNA)exhib-its high expression in the central nervous system and plays a role in regulating physiological and pathophysiological processes.Therefore,circRNA holds promise as a potential therapeutic target for HIE.This article provides a comprehensive over-view of the regulatory effects of circRNA on differ-ent types of neural cells in HIE,aiming to offer new theoretical foundations for the treatment of HIE.

AIM:To prepare radix scutellariae mi-croemulsion gel and investigate its therapeutic ef-fect on chronic eczema based on the previous re-search of radix scutellariae self microemulsion.METHODS:The gel matrix and humectant were op-timized by single factor method and response sur-face method to obtain the formula and preparation technique of the gel.The Franz diffusion cell meth-od was used to evaluate the transdermal proper-ties of microemulsion and microemulsion gel in vi-tro.By establishing a chronic eczema model in the mouse ear,the swelling degree,swelling inhibition rate,pathological changes and tumor necrosis fac-tor a(TNF-a),Interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and interleukin-6(IL-6)of radix scutellariae microemulsion gel were measured,to investigate the therapeutic ef-fect on chronic eczema in mice.RESULTS:The physi-cal and chemical properties of radix scutellariae mi-croemulsion gel were stable.Compared with micro-emulsion,the microemulsion gel had better trans-dermal performance.The cumulative transdermal amount of baicalein and wogonin,the main compo-nents of microemulsion gel,was 1.85 times and 2.77 times of that of microemulsion respectively.Moreover,the steady flow rate and permeability co-efficient of microemulsion gel significantly in-creased,and the lag time significantly shortened.Pharmacodynamic study showed that compared with the model group,the radix scutellariae micro-emulsion gel could significantly reduce the ear swelling of mice(P＜0.05),and the serum inflamma-tory factor TNF-a,IL-1β and IL-6 reduced content by over 37％.Compared with the radix scutellaria aqueous extract and aqueous extract gel,the treat-ment of chronic eczema was better.CONCLUSION:The preparation process of radix scutellaria micro-emulsion gel is feasible,with strong transdermal property,and a significant therapeutic effect on chronic eczema.