Paraplegia caused by spinal cord injury is a serious neurological complication, for which surgery is currently the main treatment method. Due to different surgical approaches, patients are usually expected to maintain a passive prone position for a long time or switch between the supine and prone positions. Affected by multiple factors such as neurogenic sensory disorders, pathological changes in muscle tone and operative duration, the risk of intraoperative acquired pressure injury (IAPI) is significantly increased. Current clinical prevention strategies for IAPI in these patients predominantly focus on localized pressure relief during positioning, lacking systematic, standardized comprehensive prevention protocols or evidence-based guidelines. To address it, Department of Nursing, Orthopedics Branch, China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care, Spinal Trauma Professional Committee, Orthopedics Branch, Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Nursing Group of Spine and Spinal Cord Professional Committee of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine organized experts in relevant fields to formulate Guideline for the prevention of intraoperative acquired pressure injury in paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury ( version 2025), based on evidence-based medical evidence and latest research results and clinical practice at home and abroad. Eleven recommendations were put forward from the aspects of preoperative risk assessment, intraoperative prevention strategies, postoperative handover and monitoring, and supportive mechanisms for IAPI prevention, aiming to standardize the prevention measures and management strategies of IAPI in paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury and accelerate the recovery of patients and improve the therapeutic effect.

Paraplegia caused by spinal cord injury is a serious neurological complication, for which surgery is currently the main treatment method. Due to different surgical approaches, patients are usually expected to maintain a passive prone position for a long time or switch between the supine and prone positions. Affected by multiple factors such as neurogenic sensory disorders, pathological changes in muscle tone and operative duration, the risk of intraoperative acquired pressure injury (IAPI) is significantly increased. Current clinical prevention strategies for IAPI in these patients predominantly focus on localized pressure relief during positioning, lacking systematic, standardized comprehensive prevention protocols or evidence-based guidelines. To address it, Department of Nursing, Orthopedics Branch, China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care, Spinal Trauma Professional Committee, Orthopedics Branch, Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Nursing Group of Spine and Spinal Cord Professional Committee of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine organized experts in relevant fields to formulate Guideline for the prevention of intraoperative acquired pressure injury in paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury ( version 2025), based on evidence-based medical evidence and latest research results and clinical practice at home and abroad. Eleven recommendations were put forward from the aspects of preoperative risk assessment, intraoperative prevention strategies, postoperative handover and monitoring, and supportive mechanisms for IAPI prevention, aiming to standardize the prevention measures and management strategies of IAPI in paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury and accelerate the recovery of patients and improve the therapeutic effect.

AIM: To study the distribution characteristics of steady-state trough concentration (C

Objective To establish a method for the quantitative determination of sildenafil in aphrodisiacs by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Methods Chromatography was carried on a Waters BEH C18 column (50 mmí2. 1 mm,1. 7 μm) with the column temperature being 35 ℃ and 0. 02 mol·L-1 ammonium acetate water solution (containing 0. 1% acetic acid)-acetonitril (7030) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0. 2 mL·min-1 . Determination was performed by multiple reaction monitoring mode in two channels,475→100,475→283,using electrospray ionization in positive ion mode. Results Sildenafil had a good linear relationship in the range of 0. 1986-1. 986 ng with the linear regression equation being Y=27 750X+15 232 (r=0. 995 2). The average recovery was 96. 6% with RSD being 1. 8% (n=9). The limits of quantitation and detection were 0. 04 ng and 0. 01 ng,respectively. Conclusion The determination results of 10 batches of samples show that the method is sensitive and accurate and can be used as an appropriate technique to detect sildenafil in aphrodisiacs.

Oxygen enrichment of room air is an effective way to resist hypoxia at high altitude, but it may introduce a potential fire hazard. In common, the burning rate of light and thin homogeneous solid in oxygen enriched atmosphere was used to assess the fire hazard. For the purpose of measuring the burning rate of light and thin homogeneous solid in oxygen enriched atmosphere, we used the methods of laser contact ignition and direct calculation of burning rate, and invented a device that includes mixing gas system, ignition equipment, system of measuring the burning rate and self-made specimen frame. By using the homemade device, we studied the burning rate of filter paper under low pressure and in oxygen-enriched atmosphere and in that of the oxygen concentration of reached stationary burning rate. The results showed that this device was simple, and could obtain the burning rate of light and thin homogeneous solid quantitatively.
Air Pressure ; Altitude ; Atmosphere Exposure Chambers ; Environment, Controlled ; Equipment Design ; Fires ; prevention & control ; Oxygen ; analysis

Objective To introduce inhaled inactivated-mycobacterium phlei on prevention and treatment of moderate bronchial asthma to observe the clinical effect. Method This study was a prospective and controlled study. The patients diagnosed with asthma in our out-patient from March 2009 to December 2010 were collected, who met the following conditions were included in the study: age≥ 14 years; met the criteria of moderate chronic persistent bronchial asthma in Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) in 2008; suspended receiving systemic corticosteroids, Montelukast, ketotifen and other anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic drugs in one month; no significant respiratory tract infections; and other serious illnesses or abnormalities known.A total of 100 patients with asthma were selected, including 37 males and 63 females, age (32.11 ± 12.95 )years. The patients were randomly(random number) divided into two groups: A group(treatment group; 16males and 34 females, age 33.56 ± 14.23 years) and B group (control group; 21 males and 29 females,age 30.66 ± 11.50 years); 50 in each group. No significant difference was noted between the two groups on age and gender composition. The patients in A group were treated with inhaled inactivated-mycobacterium phlei F. U. 36 Injection 1.72 μg/mL × 2 that adding 3 mL normal saline, once a day for 5 days. The patients in B group were treated with salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder for inhalation (50/100 μg), twice daily for sustainable use. The patients in the two groups were observed for one month. During this course, the patients in the two groups could inhale the salbutamol sulphate aerosol as need to relieve symptoms. And the number of using was recorded. Pulmonary function test and asthma provocative test were carried out on the Day O, 6 and 31. ACT scores were measured before and after the treatment. Results On Day 6 and 31 after treatment, the negative conversion rates of asthma provocative test of the patients in A group were 82% and 78% respectively, B group were 84% and 90% respectively. Provocative test of the patients in the two groups were negative conversion significantly before and after treatment. There was no significant difference between the two groups by chi-square test (P ＞ 0. 05 ). Completely random designed data was analyzed by analysis of variance. The analysis showed that the accumulated doses of methacholine of the patients in the two group increased significantly ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), but no difference between the two groups.There was a improvement trend on forced expiratory volume in one second( FEV1 )of the patients in A group after treatment, but no difference. FEV1 of the patients in B group increased significantly higher ( P ＜0.05), which was significantly higher than A group on the 31th day (P ＜0. 05); Peak expiratory flow (PEF) of the patients in the two group increased significantly on Day 6 and 31 after treatment (P ＜0.05 ).On Day 31, B group was significantly higher than A group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ); Scores of asthma control test (ACT)of the patients in the two group were significantly increased, and the number of using of salbutamol sulfate aerosol was significantly reduced (P ＜0.01 ). B group was obvious than group A (P ＜0.05 ). During treatment, there were only two adverse reaction cases of transient low fever; most obvious was on the third day.Conclusions Inhaled inactivated-mycobacterium phlei would inhibit the airway hyperresponsiveness of the patients with moderate bronchial asthma in short time, improve the symptoms, reduce the acute exacerbation, and reduce the use of rescue medication, which has the roles of prevention and treatment of moderate asthma in a certain period of time.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a RP-HPLC method for simultaneous determination of 4 flavonoids in Herba Euphorbiae Humifusae.METHODS:The samples were separated on Hypersil BDS C18 column(150 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m)with CH3OH-0.3%H3PO4 as mobile phase(gradient elution)at a flow rate of 1.0 mL?min-1.The column temperature was maintained at 30 ℃ and the detective wavelength was set at 360 nm.RESULTS:The linear ranges of 4 flavonoids including rutin,quercetin,luteolin and kaempferol were 0.127 2～2.034 4 ?g(r=0.999 9),0.089 1～1.425 6 ?g(r=0.999 8),0.076 6～1.226 4 ?g(r=0.999 7),0.113 0～1.808 0 ?g(r=0.999 8)respectively,and their average recoveries were 97.6%,99.4%,98.1% and 101.9%,respectively with RSD at 0.94%,0.73%,0.99% and 1.34%,respectively(all n=9).CONCLUSION:This method was proved to be simple,accurate,reproducible and applicable for the quality control of Herba Euphorbiae Humifusae.