Work serves as a critical means of obtaining resources, facilitating personal growth, realizing self-worth, and engaging in social interactions. However, work-related diseases pose significant threats to workers’ health and productivity, and impose considerable economic burdens. This article categorized work-related diseases into six major types, including musculoskeletal disorders, mental and behavioral disorders, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, digestive system diseases, reproductive system diseases, and non-specific respiratory diseases, and summarized their risk factors, assessment methods, policy regulation, and prevention and control measures. Current research in this field predominantly relies on cross-sectional studies, which present limitations in causal inference and potential risks of bias. Future studies should expand sample sizes, optimize research designs, and establish multidimensional evaluation systems to comprehensively assess the health and economic impacts of work-related diseases. It is recommended to enhance the translation of research findings into practice, thereby providing a scientific basis for the occupational health protection system and promoting the well-being and sustainable development of the working population.

BACKGROUND:Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is a common method for the treatment of gastric cancer,but the curative effect of chemotherapy in different patients varies considerably.A new pre-clinical treatment model is needed to guide personalized drug therapy for patients with gastric cancer.OBJECTIVE:To construct organoid model based on gastric cancer tissue and investigate its application in personalized drug screening.METHODS:The tissue samples of 20 patients with gastric cancer were collected,digested and decomposed,mixed with matrix glue,and cultured with organoid medium containing epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor 10.Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical method were used to verify the homogeneity of pathological morphology and immune molecular markers of gastric cancer organoids and original tumor tissues.The feasibility of the established gastric cancer organoid model for drug screening was evaluated through drug sensitivity screening of six drugs including carboplatin,irinotecan,fluorouracil,oxaliplatin,paclitaxel,and epirubicin.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Fourteen organoids of gastric cancer cases were successfully cultured.There were individual differences in morphology and growth characteristics of organoids.All organoids could be stably passed through,froze and resuscitated.Gastric cancer organoids retained the same morphological features and immunomolecular expression as primary tumor tissues.Six organoids showed different drug sensitivities to six chemotherapy drugs,which initially confirmed the feasibility of gastric cancer organoids as a drug screening model in vitro.

Digital technology provides a powerful and effective approach to address the bottlenecks in integrity supervision within public hospitals.Through semi-structured interviews conducted at Hospital Y in Zhejiang Province,this study reveals that current applications of digital technology for integrity supervision in public hospitals remain largely confined to independent utiliza-tion of departmental data resources within isolated platforms.These applications primarily focus on three key areas:disciplinary inspection supervision,ethics and conduct supervision,and operational supervision,which have demonstrated practical benefits including enhanced efficiency of integrity supervision,standardized management of institutional behaviors,and improved accessi-bility of public oversight.To address the structural dilemmas of system integration barriers under fragmented governance,the data governance challenges of standard heterogeneity and connectivity barriers,and the application paradox arising from the technologi-cal-practical misalignment,the study proposes three pathways:advancing governance through institutionalized top-level design,building integrated platforms to dismantle data silos,and strengthening technology application to deepen empowerment effects.

Digital technology provides a powerful and effective approach to address the bottlenecks in integrity supervision within public hospitals.Through semi-structured interviews conducted at Hospital Y in Zhejiang Province,this study reveals that current applications of digital technology for integrity supervision in public hospitals remain largely confined to independent utiliza-tion of departmental data resources within isolated platforms.These applications primarily focus on three key areas:disciplinary inspection supervision,ethics and conduct supervision,and operational supervision,which have demonstrated practical benefits including enhanced efficiency of integrity supervision,standardized management of institutional behaviors,and improved accessi-bility of public oversight.To address the structural dilemmas of system integration barriers under fragmented governance,the data governance challenges of standard heterogeneity and connectivity barriers,and the application paradox arising from the technologi-cal-practical misalignment,the study proposes three pathways:advancing governance through institutionalized top-level design,building integrated platforms to dismantle data silos,and strengthening technology application to deepen empowerment effects.

Objective To investigate the application value of arterial spin labeling(ASL)perfusion weighted imaging in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease(AD).Methods A total of 60 patients with different ages(control group)and 60 AD patients with different degrees(patient group)who underwent cerebral ASL perfusion weighted imaging examination were selected.At the work-station,the region of interest(ROI)of the hippocampus and limbic system brain structures were delineated and the cerebral blood flow(CBF)value of the ROI were measured.The CBF values of the brain structures of the control group at different ages and the corresponding ROI of the control group and the patient group were compared.Results There were statistically significant differences in the CBF values of the cingulate gyrus,parahippocampal gyrus,hippocampus,orbital part of frontal lobe,temporal pole of temporal lobe,insula lobe and amygdaloid body of the limbic system among the different ages in the control group(P＜0.05),and the CBF value of brain structures gradually decreased with the increase of age.There were statistically significant differences in CBF values of ROI between the control group and mild,moderate,severe patient group(P＜0.05),and the CBF value of brain structures gradually decreased with the severity of AD condition.Conclusion The CBF value of ASL perfusion weighted imaging can objectively reflect the blood flow changes and functional status of the hippocampus and limbic system brain structures in elderly people of different ages and AD patients of different degrees,and has important value in the early diagnosis of AD patients.

OBJECTIVE To study the efficacy of Tianjiang xueshuantong pills in the treatment of coronary heart disease. METHODS In accordance with the common pathogenesis of coronary heart disease， acute myocardial ischemia model， hyperlipidemia model， blood stasis model， and carotid artery thrombosis model were established using Wistar rats or SD rats as the experimental subjects. The effects of Tianjiang xueshuantong pills administered at high， medium， and low doses （0.6， 1.2 and 2.4 g/kg） on hemodynamic parameters and myocardial enzyme markers [lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）， creatine kinase-MB （CK- MB）]， oxidative stress factors [superoxide dismutase （SOD）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， glutathione （GSH）]， inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， IL-1β， monocyte chemotactic protein-1 （MCP-1）， intercellular adhesion molecule-1 （ICAM-1）]， myocardial infarction percentage， serum lipid indexes [total cholesterol （TC）， triglycerides （TG）， low-density lipoprotein （LDL）， high-density lipoprotein （HDL）]， platelet aggregation function 话：022-84845240。E-mail：jiangx@tjipr.com [maximum aggregation rate （MAR）]， and thrombus formation indexes [thrombosis time， thrombus mass， thrombus protein content， plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 （PAI-1）， and tissue-type plasminogen activator （t-PA）] were evaluated in the rat models. RESULTS In myocardial ischemia tests， Tianjiang xueshuantong pills significantly reduced the percentage of myocardial infarction and the levels of CK-MB， LDH， MDA， GSH， IL-6， TNF-α， IL- 1β， and MCP-1 in serum （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. In hyperlipidemia tests， high dose of Tianjiang xueshuantong pills significantly reduced the serum levels of TC， LDL and significantly increased the level of HDL in rats after 2 weeks and 4 weeks of administration. In blood stasis tests， different doses of Tianjiang xueshuantong pills significantly reduced MAR of rats （P＜0.01）. In artery thrombosis tests， high dose of Tianjiang xueshuantong pills significantly prolonged the time of thrombosis formation （P＜ 0.01）， significantly reduced the weight and protein content of thrombus and the level of PAI-1 in serum （P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Tianjiang xueshuantong pills exert therapeutic effects on coronary heart disease through multi-dimensional synergistic actions， including anti-myocardial ischemia， lipid-lowering， and anti-thrombotic effects.

Objective To investigate the application value of arterial spin labeling(ASL)perfusion weighted imaging in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease(AD).Methods A total of 60 patients with different ages(control group)and 60 AD patients with different degrees(patient group)who underwent cerebral ASL perfusion weighted imaging examination were selected.At the work-station,the region of interest(ROI)of the hippocampus and limbic system brain structures were delineated and the cerebral blood flow(CBF)value of the ROI were measured.The CBF values of the brain structures of the control group at different ages and the corresponding ROI of the control group and the patient group were compared.Results There were statistically significant differences in the CBF values of the cingulate gyrus,parahippocampal gyrus,hippocampus,orbital part of frontal lobe,temporal pole of temporal lobe,insula lobe and amygdaloid body of the limbic system among the different ages in the control group(P＜0.05),and the CBF value of brain structures gradually decreased with the increase of age.There were statistically significant differences in CBF values of ROI between the control group and mild,moderate,severe patient group(P＜0.05),and the CBF value of brain structures gradually decreased with the severity of AD condition.Conclusion The CBF value of ASL perfusion weighted imaging can objectively reflect the blood flow changes and functional status of the hippocampus and limbic system brain structures in elderly people of different ages and AD patients of different degrees,and has important value in the early diagnosis of AD patients.

BACKGROUND:Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is a common method for the treatment of gastric cancer,but the curative effect of chemotherapy in different patients varies considerably.A new pre-clinical treatment model is needed to guide personalized drug therapy for patients with gastric cancer.OBJECTIVE:To construct organoid model based on gastric cancer tissue and investigate its application in personalized drug screening.METHODS:The tissue samples of 20 patients with gastric cancer were collected,digested and decomposed,mixed with matrix glue,and cultured with organoid medium containing epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor 10.Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical method were used to verify the homogeneity of pathological morphology and immune molecular markers of gastric cancer organoids and original tumor tissues.The feasibility of the established gastric cancer organoid model for drug screening was evaluated through drug sensitivity screening of six drugs including carboplatin,irinotecan,fluorouracil,oxaliplatin,paclitaxel,and epirubicin.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Fourteen organoids of gastric cancer cases were successfully cultured.There were individual differences in morphology and growth characteristics of organoids.All organoids could be stably passed through,froze and resuscitated.Gastric cancer organoids retained the same morphological features and immunomolecular expression as primary tumor tissues.Six organoids showed different drug sensitivities to six chemotherapy drugs,which initially confirmed the feasibility of gastric cancer organoids as a drug screening model in vitro.

Objective: To understand the trends in malnutrition among primary and middle school students of Han nationality in Hainan Province from 2005 to 2019, so as to provide a basis for improving nutrition intervention measures for children and adolescents. Methods: A sample of 32 949 Han nationality primary and middle school students aged 7-18 years old in Hainan Province were investigated in 2005, 2010, 2014 and 2019 based on national survey on student physical fitness and health. The Malnutrition Screening Standard of Schoolage Children and Adolescents was used to screen malnutrition. Statistical analysis was performed using the χ2 test and the χ2trend test. Results: In the four surveys conducted during 2005 to 2019, the prevalence of malnutrition among primary and middle school students were 22.12%, 18.80%, 15.89% and 9.56%, respectively, with an increase of -12.56% and an average annual increase of -5.82%. The decreasing trend of malnutrition by year was statistically significant (χ2trend=600.72, P<0.01), and the proportion of emaciation type was the highest (8.87%-20.15%). The detection rates of malnutrition among all students aged 7 to 18 showed a decreasing trend from 2005 to 2019 (χ2trend=56.44, 60.04, 61.48, 42.49, 51.81, 50.81, 72.86, 101.34, 86.38, 24.81, 17.72, 10.38, P<0.01). From 2005 to 2019, the detection rates of malnutrition in boys were higher than that of girls (in 4 surveys), and that in rural students from 2005 to 2014 of 3 surveys were higher than that in towns (χ2=92.07, 35.16, 25.29, 29.98; 64.35, 4.26, 6.32, P<0.05). Conclusions The malnutrition of Han nationality primary and middle school students aged 7-18 years in Hainan Province show a trend of improvement year by year from 2005 to 2019, despite the overall high detection rate. Wasting is the most common type of malnutrition. The epidemic of malnutrition varies by age, sex and areas. Further targeted measures should be taken to strengthen intervention in the diet of primary and middle school students, to improve the nutritional status of children and adolescents.

Objective: To examine the causal relationship between inflammatory factors and breast cancer using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, so as to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Methods: Data of 91 inflammatory cytokines (n=14 824) and 5 subtypes of breast cancer (n=247 173) were collected from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with 91 inflammatory factors were selected as instrumental variables. MR analyses were performed using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method with inflammatory factors as exposure factors and breast cancer as outcome variables. The risk of type I error and the effect of multiple testing were reduced using the FDR correction method. The stability and reliability of the results were verified using Steiger test of directionality, MR-Egger regression, MR-PRESSO test and leave-one out method. Results: Twenty-three inflammatory factors, including β nerve growth factor, interleukin-5, cystatin D and C-X-C chemokine ligand 1 were statistically associated with breast cancer (all P<0.05). After FDR adjustment, only evaluated abundance of oncostatin-M was found to be statistically associated with an increased risk of Basal-like (triple-negative) breast cancer (OR=1.186, 95%CI: 1.081-1.302, P=0.001, q=0.029), and the other 22 inflammatory factors had a high risk of type I error (all q>0.1). The sensitivity analysis indicated that the results were robust. No instrumental variables were found to have a significant impact on the results, which could exclude the influence of heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy, and reverse causality on the outcome. Conclusion The increased abundance of oncostatin-M may increase the risk of Basal-like (triple-negative) breast cancer.