Objective: This study explored the regulatory effects of QiShen Yiqi Dropping Pills (QSYQ) on chronic heart failure (CHF) in rats and their related mechanisms based on the gut microbiota and reactive oxygen species (ROS)/thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP)/NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathway. Methods: Sixty-five SPF-grade male SD rats were used to establish a CHF model through subcutaneous multiple injections of isoproterenol (ISO) combined with exhaustion and food control methods. The modeled rats were randomly divided into model, captopril (5.30 mg/kg), and QSYQ low-, medium-, and high-dose groups (0.08, 0.16, and 0.32 g/kg, respectively), with 11 rats per group, plus a blank group of seven rats. The medication groups were given corresponding drugs by gavage, whereas the blank and model groups were administered an equivalent volume of purified water continuously for four weeks. Rat heart function was assessed via transthoracic echocardiography, and myocardial tissue pathology changes were observed through hematoxylin and eosin staining. Serum levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin-18 (IL-18), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Automated biochemical analyzers were used to determine creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB) content. Myocardial ROS levels were examined using flow cytometry; myocardial TXNIP and NLRP3 expression were detected using immunohistochemistry. Real-time qPCR and Western blotting were used to examine myocardial mRNA and protein expression of TXNIP, NLRP3, apoptosis-related spot-like protein (ASC), caspase-1, and IL-1β, as well as myocardial thioredoxin (Trx) and colonic tight junction proteins (zonula occludens-1, ZO-1), occludin, and claudin-5. Differences in the gut microbiota of the blank, model, and QSYQ high-dose groups were determined using high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing. Results: Compared to the blank group, the model group exhibited significantly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fraction shortening (LVFS) (P<0.01); increased serum BNP, LPS, IL-18, and IL-1β (P<0.01) levels; increased CK, LDH, and CK-MB (P<0.01) contents; visible myocardial tissue fibrous edema, wavy appearance, cytoplasmic loosening, round vacuolar degeneration, local tissue fibrous dissolution replaced by proliferative connective tissue, accompanied by inflammatory cell infiltration; significantly increased myocardial ROS levels (P<0.01); and significantly increased myocardial TXNIP and NLRP3 expression (P<0.01). TXNIP, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, and IL-1β mRNA and protein expression were significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01, respectively), whereas Trx, ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5 expression was significantly decreased (P<0.01). Compared to the model group, the QSYQ high-dose group showed the most significant changes (P<0.05, P<0.01), with significant increases in LVEF and LVFS (P<0.01); significant decreases in serum BNP, LPS, IL-18, and IL-1β levels (P<0.01); significant reductions in CK, LDH, and CK-MB content (P<0.01); improved myocardial tissue damage; significantly decreased myocardial ROS levels (P<0.01); and significantly reduced myocardial TXNIP and NLRP3 expression (P<0.01). TXNIP, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, and IL-1β mRNA and protein expression were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), whereas Trx, ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5 expression was significantly increased (P<0.01). 16S rDNA sequencing results confirmed that the gut microbiota of rats changed after modeling and drug intervention, with significant differences in both α- and β-diversity. Compared to the blank group, at the family level, the abundance of Oscillospiraceae decreased (P<0.05), whereas the abundance of Lactobacillaceae increased. At the species level, the abundance of Segatella copri and Treponema succinifaciens increased, whereas the abundance of Kineothrix alysoides (P<0.05), Ruminococcus callidus, and Prevotellamassilia timonensis decreased. Compared to the model group, at the family level, the abundance of Oscillospiraceae increased (P<0.05) in the QSYQ high-dose group, whereas the abundance of Lactobacillaceae decreased. At the species level, the abundance of Segatella copri and Treponema succinifaciens decreased, whereas the abundance of Kineothrix alysoides increased (P<0.05). Conclusion QSYQ can regulate the relative abundance of symbiotic bacteria Kineothrix alysoides in the intestines, reduce serum LPS levels, inhibit the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling pathway, and improve inflammatory responses, thereby exerting therapeutic effects on CHF.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research and clinical application progress of foot lengthening surgery. METHODS: Relevant research literature on foot lengthening surgery in recent years at home and abroad was reviewed, and a summary was made from aspects such as the types of lengthening surgery, the types of foot diseases treated by clinical application, effectiveness, and complications. RESULTS: Bone defects and shortening deformities of the foot are relatively common clinically. As an innovative treatment method, foot lengthening surgery has gradually attracted attention, mainly including the Ilizarov technique and one-stage bone grafting lengthening surgery. The former promotes bone regeneration based on the tension-stress principle and is widely used in the treatment of calcaneal defects and congenital metatarsal brachymetatarsia, achieving good curative effects. However, there are also complications such as pin-tract infection, joint stiffness and contracture, non-union and delayed union of bone, re-fracture, and alignment deviation. The latter has a short treatment cycle, but the lengthening length is limited. Bone graft resorption and soft tissue complications are its main complications. CONCLUSION Foot lengthening surgery will develop towards the direction of personalization, intelligence, and precision. With the help of multi-center research, biological materials, and intelligent technologies, the effectiveness and safety will be further improved to better restore the function and appearance of the foot.
Humans ; Bone Transplantation/methods* ; Bone Lengthening/methods* ; Ilizarov Technique ; Osteogenesis, Distraction/methods* ; Foot Deformities/surgery* ; Postoperative Complications ; Treatment Outcome ; Foot/surgery*

BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence that the occurrence and severity of respiratory diseases in children are related to the concentration of air pollutants. Nonetheless, evidence regarding the association between short-term exposure to air pollution and outpatient visits for respiratory diseases in children remains limited. Outpatients cover a wide range of disease severity, including both severe and mild cases, some of which may need to be transferred to inpatient treatment. This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the impact of short-term ambient air pollution exposure on outpatient visits for respiratory conditions in children. METHODS: This study employed data of the Second People's Hospital of Yichang from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2023, to conduct a time series analysis. The DLNM approach was integrated with a generalized additive model to examine the daily outpatient visits of pediatric patients with respiratory illnesses in hospital, alongside air pollution data obtained from monitoring stations. Adjustments were made for long-term trends, meteorological variables, and other influencing factors. RESULTS: A nonlinear association was identified between PM_2.5, PM₁₀, O₃, NO₂, SO₂, CO levels and the daily outpatient visits for respiratory diseases among children. All six pollutants exhibit a hysteresis impact, with varying durations ranging from 4 to 6 days. The risks associated with air pollutants differ across various categories of children's respiratory diseases; notably, O₃ and CO do not show statistical significance concerning the risk of chronic respiratory conditions. Furthermore, the results of infectious respiratory diseases were similar with those of respiratory diseases. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that short-term exposure to air pollutants may contribute to an increased incidence of outpatient visits for respiratory illnesses among children, and controlling air pollution is important to protect children's health.
Humans ; China/epidemiology* ; Air Pollutants/analysis* ; Respiratory Tract Diseases/chemically induced* ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects* ; Air Pollution/analysis* ; Infant ; Male ; Particulate Matter/adverse effects* ; Female ; Ambulatory Care/statistics & numerical data* ; Outpatients/statistics & numerical data* ; Adolescent ; Infant, Newborn

Hepatic myelopathy (HM)is a rare complication of chronic liver diseases.One case of HM treated by was reported.A 40-year-old male recipient of liver transplantation (LT) complained of lower extremity paralysis.Muscle strength of lower extremity recovered partially at Week 3 post-transplantation and completely at Month 3 post-discharge.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of serum hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) for stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) who received intravenous thrombolysis.Methods:From May 2015 to April 2017, the clinical data of the patients with AIS treated with intravenous thrombolysis in Nanjing First Hospital were collected retrospectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors for SAP in patients with AIS after intravenous thrombolysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and nomogram-based methods were used to analyze the predictive value of hs-CRP for SAP. Results:A total of 243 patients with AIS who received intravenous thrombolysis were included, and 63 (34.6%) of them had SAP. There were significant differences in age ( P=0.006), leukocyte count ( P=0.044), fasting blood glucose level ( P=0.003), serum hs-CRP level ( P=0.001), hs-CRP classification ( P=0.001) and dysphagia rate ( P=0.035) between the SAP group and non-SAP group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for the confounding factors, taking the first quartile of serum hs-CRP level as a reference, the third quantile (odds ratio [ OR] 18.790, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 4.771-74.007; P=0.001) and the fourth quantile ( OR 54.054, 95% CI 12.248-324.088; P=0.001) of hs-CRP were the independent predictors of SAP. The area under the ROC curve of the baseline serum hs-CRP level for predicting SAP was 0.805 (95% CI 0.742-0.868; P<0.001). When the optimal cut-off value of hs-CRP was 5.54 mg/L, the sensitivity and specificity of predicting SAP were 76.11% and 76.19%, respectively. The analysis of nomogram also showed that hs-CRP was an independent predictor of SAP (consistency index 0.862, 95% CI 0.738-0.986; P<0.001). Conclusions:The increased serum hs-CRP was an independent predictor of SAP in patients with AIS receiving intravenous thrombolysis, and had a higher predictive value.

Objective To investigate the effect and safety of intravenous thrombolytic therapy in the endovascular treatment of acute anterior circulation vascular occlusive stroke.Methods The clinical data of 226 patients with acute anterior circulation vascular occlusive stroke who underwent endovascular treatment in Nanjing First Hospital,Nanjing Medical University from May 2015 to May 2018 were retrospectively collected.According to whether or not intravenous thrombolysis was performed,the patients were classified into simple thrombectomy group (n=112) and bridging treatment group (n=114).The modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction Score (mTICI) was used to evaluate the vascular opening effect,and the blood vessel recanalization time,mTICI,the symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage rate,and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at 90 days after surgery were evaluated.Results There were no statistically significant differences in gender,age,past history and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score between the two groups (P＞0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in door-to-recanalization time between the two groups (P＞0.05).Excluding the patients with post-wake stroke and unexplained onset time,the simple thrombectomy group (n=63) and the bridging treatment group (n=1 11) showed statistically significant differences in onset-to-door time ((235.04± 182.64) min vs (102.48±60.51) min,t=7.01,P＜0.01)and onset-to-recanalization time ((405.31 ± 148.89) min vs (337.31 ± 117.65) min,t=3.32,P=0.01).The difference in number of thrombectomy between the simple thrombolysis group (2.55± 1.52) and the bridging treatment group (2.11± 1.48) was statistically significant (t=2.246,P=0.026).The total reperfusion (mTICI 2b/3) rate was 89.8％ (203/226),88.4％ (99/112) in the simple thrombectomy group and 91.2％ (104/114) in the bridging treatment group,with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).The differences in symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage rate (8.93％ (10/112) vs 11.4％ (13/114)),mortality rate (12.5％ (12/112) vs 16.7％ (19/114)) and 90-day good functional outcome (mRS score 0-2;54.5％ (61/112) vs 55.8％ (63/114)) between the two groups were not statistically significant (P＞0.05).Conclusions In patients with acute anterior circulation vascular occlusive stroke undergoing endovascular treatment,intravenous thrombolysis can reduce the number of thrombectomy,not increase the door-to-recanalization time,the risk of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and mortality,and has similar good functional outcome as the simple thrombeetomy group.Therefore,intravenous thrombolysis is safe and effective for endovascular treatment of acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusive stroke.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of moxibustion plus tuina in treating 0-grade diabetic foot.Method Seventy patients with 0-grade diabetic foot were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 35 cases in each group. The control group was intervened by conventional medication, while the treatment group was by moxibustion plus tuina in addition to the interventions given to the control group. The Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) was observed before intervention and after 2 treatment courses, and the clinical efficacies were compared between the two groups.Result The ABI scores were changed significantly after intervention in both groups (P<0.05). After intervention, there was a significant difference in comparing the ABI score between the two groups (P<0.05). The total effective rate and recovery rate were respectively 94.3% and 71.4% in the treatment group, versus 74.3% and 20.0% in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Moxibustion plus tuina is an effective approach in treating 0-grade diabetic foot.

Objective To study the relationship of insulin receptor substrate-1 (Irs1) and metabolic disease, we generated Irs1 gene knockout rat by CRISPR/Cas9 system.Methods Two sgRNA targeting sites were designed for Irs1 targeting.The Cas9 and sgRNAs were transcribed by T7 RNA polymerase in vitro.Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA mixtures were pooled and microinjected into one-cell fertilized eggs of SD rats to generate rats with targeted mutation .Results Five rats with the mutations were detected with the efficiency of 83%.Conclusion The Irs1 gene knockout rats generated in this study can be transmitted by germline .

Objective To establish the sperm specific Sleeping Beauty ( SB ) transposase-expression transgenic mouse for the study of the genetic modification mediated by transposon system in mouse .Methods Prm1 promoter was cloned from mouse genomic DNA to drive the expression of SB transposase .The transgenic mice were generated by microinjection .The gene type of transgenic line was identified by PCR .The expressing level in testis was determined by western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining.Results Five lines of transposase transgenic mice were obtained by microinjection and three can be germline .One mouse line with higher expression level of transposase in the testis was obtained.Conclusion One transgenic mouse model with Sleeping Beauty transposase - expression was successfully established .This model will greatly contribute to the research of genetic modification mediated by transposon in mouse.

Objective To study the effects of NRG2 on cardiac structure and function , we established the cardiac-specific human NRG2 transgenic mice and investigate the effect of NRG2 on cardiac structure and function under pressure overload situation .Methods The transgenic vector was constructed by insertion of the human NRG2 gene under the α-MHC promoter.The transgenic mice were generated by microinjection and were all maintained on a C57BL/6J genetic background .The genotype of transgenic mice was identified by PCR and the expression level of target gene was determined by western blot .Transverse aortic constriction ( TAC) was applied to prepare the pressure overload induced cardiomyopathy mice model .The cardiac structure and function of the transgenic mice were compared and analysized by echocardiographic and pathological observation .Results Transgenic mice with high level of NRG2 in heart tissues were established.The left ventricular wall thickness (LVPWD) was increased, and to 15.6% at 3 months old compared with that of the non transgenic ( NTG) mice.The hypertrophy of left ventricular wall caused by pressure overload was removed due to the expression of NRG2 .Meanwhile, cardiac disarray and fibrosis were increased obviously compared with that of the NTG mice.Conclusion The transgenic expression of NRG2 in heart tissues could shorten the pathological process of hypertrophy, but accelerated the process of heart failure (HF).