Objective:To establish an evaluation index system for patient safety education targeted at undergraduate nursing interns.Methods:Based on the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation model, a preliminary draft of the index system was developed using a literature review and semi-structured interviews. The Delphi method and the Analytic Hierarchy Process were applied to finalize the index system.Results:Two rounds of Delphi expert consultation were conducted. In the first round, 23 questionnaires were distributed, and 20 valid responses were received (effective response rate: 86.96%) . Among them, 15 experts (75.00%) provided revision suggestions. In the second round, 20 questionnaires were distributed, and 19 valid responses were received (effective response rate: 95.00%) , with two experts (10.53%) offering suggestions. The expert authority coefficients for the two rounds were 0.900 and 0.921, respectively. Kendall's coordination coefficients were 0.272 and 0.273 ( P<0.01) . The final evaluation system consisted of four first-level indicators, eight second-level indicators, and 18 third-level indicators. Conclusions:The evaluation index system constructed in this study is scientifically grounded and reliable. However, its practical utility and applicability require further validation.

Objective:To establish an evaluation index system for patient safety education targeted at undergraduate nursing interns.Methods:Based on the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation model, a preliminary draft of the index system was developed using a literature review and semi-structured interviews. The Delphi method and the Analytic Hierarchy Process were applied to finalize the index system.Results:Two rounds of Delphi expert consultation were conducted. In the first round, 23 questionnaires were distributed, and 20 valid responses were received (effective response rate: 86.96%) . Among them, 15 experts (75.00%) provided revision suggestions. In the second round, 20 questionnaires were distributed, and 19 valid responses were received (effective response rate: 95.00%) , with two experts (10.53%) offering suggestions. The expert authority coefficients for the two rounds were 0.900 and 0.921, respectively. Kendall's coordination coefficients were 0.272 and 0.273 ( P<0.01) . The final evaluation system consisted of four first-level indicators, eight second-level indicators, and 18 third-level indicators. Conclusions:The evaluation index system constructed in this study is scientifically grounded and reliable. However, its practical utility and applicability require further validation.

This paper reviews the definition and assessment tools of supportive care needs, content and influencing factors of supportive care needs for cervical cancer patients, and proposes suggestions for research on supportive care needs for cervical cancer patients based on the research status, in order to provide scientific and systematic care for cervical cancer patients.

Objective:To systematically search, evaluate, and summarize the best evidence on sexual health management for cervical cancer patients to provide evidence-based guidance for clinical practice.Methods:According to the "6S" pyramid model, a systematic search was conducted for evidence on sexual health management in cervical cancer patients, including clinical decisions, guidelines, evidence summaries, expert consensus, and systematic reviews, from domestic and international guidelines, professional association websites, and comprehensive databases. The search covered literature from the inception of the databases to November 30, 2023. Two researchers trained in evidence-based nursing independently evaluated the methodological quality of the included studies and extracted and summarized the evidence.Results:A total of 13 articles were included, consisting of 3 clinical decisions, 5 guidelines, 1 expert consensus, and 4 systematic reviews. A total of 27 pieces of evidence were extracted and summarized, covering six aspects: screening and assessment, psychological interventions, device and exercise interventions, non-hormonal interventions, hormonal interventions, and follow-up.Conclusions:The best evidence summarized in this study for sexual health management in cervical cancer patients can provide evidence-based guidance for clinical healthcare providers to standardize the sexual health management of cervical cancer patients.

OBJECTIVES: Firefighters are prone to suffer from psychological trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the workplace, and have a poor prognosis after PTSD. Reliable models for predicting PTSD allow for effective identification and intervention for patients with early PTSD. By collecting the psychological traits, psychological states and work situations of firefighters, this study aims to develop a machine learning algorithm with the aim of effectively and accurately identifying the onset of PTSD in firefighters, as well as detecting some important predictors of PTSD onset. METHODS: This study conducted a cross-sectional survey through convenient sampling of firefighters from 20 fire brigades in Changsha, which were evenly distributed across 6 districts and Changsha County, with a total of 628 firefighters. We used the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) to process data sets and used grid search to finish the parameter tuning. The predictive capability of several commonly used machine learning models was compared by 5-fold cross-validation and using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC), accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. RESULTS: The random forest model achieved good performance in predicting PTSD with an average AUC score at 0.790. The mean accuracy of the model was 90.1%, with an F1 score of 0.945. The three most important predictors were perseverance, forced thinking, and reflective deep thinking, with weights of 0.165, 0.158, and 0.152, respectively. The next most important predictors were employment time, psychological power, and optimism. CONCLUSIONS PTSD onset prediction model for Changsha firefighters constructed by random forest has strong predictive ability, and both psychological characteristics and work situation can be used as predictors of PTSD onset risk for firefighters. In the next step of the study, validation using other large datasets is needed to ensure that the predictive models can be used in clinical setting.
Humans ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis* ; Firefighters/psychology* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Algorithms ; Machine Learning

Objective:To explore the characteristics of working memory ability of female methamphetamine dependent youths, and to analyze the effect of spatial and temporal training task (CODING) on working memory ability of female methamphetamine dependent youths.Methods:Sixty methamphetamine dependent youths from a women's drug rehabilitation center in Sichuan province were selected as the methamphetamine dependent group, while 60 female healthy volunteers from vocational high schools and universities participated as the healthy control group. Visual memory test (VISGED) was used to evaluat the working memory ability of the subjects, and SPSS 21.0 software was used for the nonparametric test of the memory difference between the two groups.The methamphetamine dependent group was divided into treatment group and waiting group based on the baseline matching principle of working memory. The treatment group was trained under the spatio-temporal CODING paradigm for working memory, and the training effect was assessed using the independent sample t-test. Results:(1)The individual parameters(0.06(-1.62, 1.67) vs 1.93 (-0.28, 2.71)) and working program(15.00(14.00 vs 16.00), 17.00(15.00, 20.00)) of working memory in methamphetamine dependent group and normal control group were statistically significant ( Z=-3.83, P<0.05, Z=-3.50; P<0.05). (2) Through memory training, the personal parameters before and after training in the treatment group ((0.08±1.79) vs 1.68 (0.68, 2.25)) had a statistically significant difference ( Z=-3.63, P<0.05). The personal parameters before and after the test in the waiting group ((-0.01±1.86) vs 0.72(-1.54, 1.88)) had no statistically significant difference ( Z=-1.35, P>0.05). Conclusion:Methamphetamine dependence impaire the working memory of female youths regardless of age or education level. Memory training can restore and improve memory ability to a certain extent, help to restore learning ability and living ability, and lay a foundation for a better return to society.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a highly contagious disease caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), which causes great economic losses. At the moment, no effective neutralizing antibody is available for scientific research and treatment. Therefore, developing a method for screening the neutralizing monoclonal antibodies is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of PRRSV and the screening of antigen sites. Monoclonal antibodies have been widely used in the treatment and diagnosis of many human and animal diseases. Therefore, screening effective neutralizing antibodies for different pathogens is an urgent task. Among the methods for monoclonal antibody screening, B cell immortalization is an effective method to obtain neutralizing monoclonal antibody. Specifically, in this study, the bcl-6 and bcl-xl genes were connected by f2a and then the yielded product was ligated to a vector for retrovirus packaging. The swine lymphocytes immunized with PRRSV were infected the yielded mature viruses and cultured in the complete medium containing CD40L and IL21 cytokines. Then, CD21 was used as the marker to screen B cells with the magnetic bead method. Finally, monoclonal B cells were obtained and the secretion of antibodies was tested. The results showed that the plasmid, either being transfected alone or with the packaged plasmids, could be expressed, and that the packaged retrovirus could infect the cells. Moreover, the infected lymphocytes secreted antibodies, so did the screened B cells. Therefore, the method for screening monoclonal antibody against PRRSV was successfully established.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; Humans ; Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/prevention & control* ; Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/genetics* ; Swine

Objective:To investigate the longitudinal trajectory and influencing factors of cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in breast cancer patients during chemotherapy.Methods:From March 2019 to January 2020, breast cancer patients in Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Peking Union Medical College Hospital were selected as the research objects to conduct follow-up investigation. The survey tools included general information questionnaire, Cancer-related Fatigue Assessment Scale, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale.Results:A total of 91 patients were included in the study. The incidence of severe CRF at each time point before chemotherapy, 3 weeks after chemotherapy and 6 weeks after chemotherapy were 1.1% (1/91), 8.8% (5/57) and 2.1% (1/48), respectively. The results of the generalized estimation equation showed that the trajectory of the total score CRF firstly increased and then decreased, reaching a peak at 3 weeks after chemotherapy (35.45±13.07), and mild CRF change showed statistical difference ( P<0.05). In addition, BMI and sleep and daytime dysfunction were the influencing factors of the total score of CRF. Disease stage, sleep disturbance and daytime dysfunction were the influencing factors of CRF with different severity. Conclusions:CRF is a prominent problem in breast cancer patients during chemotherapy. Attention should be paid to high-risk individuals with abnormal BMI and daytime function by medical staff.

Objective:To survey the cognition of general practice residency training and the willingness of teaching among specialists.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among 221 specialists from 24 departments in Nantong First People's Hospital from May 2021 to June 2021 to investigate the their cognition of general practice residency training program and the teaching willingness.Results:Total 221 questionnaires were distributed and 185 valid ones were retrieved with a response rate of 83.70%. The results showed that 49 specialists (26.49%) well knew the national general practice training policy, 70 (37.84%) knew the most, 52 (28.11%) knew basically, 11 (5.95%) knew little, and 3 (1.62%) did not know at all. Meanwhile, 44 specialists (23.78%) well knew the hospital incentive policies about general practice education, 62 (33.51%) knew the most, 57 (30.81%) knew basically, 18 (9.73%) knew little, and 4 (2.16%) did not know at all. Whether they holding the teaching certificate of general practice was significantly associated with the cognition of national general practice training policy (χ2=14.28, P=0.003) and with their knowledge of residency training program (χ2=16.79, P=0.001), but not associated with knowing the hospital-level incentive policy (χ2=8.18, P=0.075). A total of 170 (91.89%) participants were willing to be clinical teachers of general practice. The reasons for the willingness of teaching were as following: learning more from the teaching in 161 participants (94.71%), expanding sources of patients from rural areas in 102 (60.00%), facilitating promotion in 77 (45.29%), and others in 30 (17.60%). Among 62 specialists holding teaching certificate, 60 (96.77%) were willing to teach general practice residents; while among 123 specialists without teaching certificate, 110 (89.43%) were willing to teach (χ2=4.92, P=0.027). In all hospital incentive policies, promotion of professional titles was most attractive one (82, 44.32%), followed by performance appraisal (63, 34.05%), priority for in-service training (25, 13.51%), and appraisal for excellence award (15, 8.11%). Conclusions:Strengthening trainings for general practice the faculty is helpful to improve their cognition of the general practice residency training programs. And rational hospital incentive policies can enhance the willingness of specialists to teach general practice residency.

Antigenic purity is important for quality control of the foot-and-mouth (FMD) whole virus inactivated vaccine. The recommended method for evaluation the antigenic purity of FMD vaccine is to check the serum conversion to non-structural protein (NSP) 3AB antibody after 2 to 3 times inoculation of animals with inactivated vaccine. In this study, we developed a quantitative ELISA to detect the amount of residual 3AB in vaccine antigen, to provide a reference to evaluate the antigenic purity of FMD vaccine. Monoclonal antibody (Mab) of NSP 3A and HRP-conjugated Mab of NSP 3B were used to establish a sandwich ELISA to quantify the NSP 3AB in vaccine antigen of FMD. Purified NSP 3AB expressed in Escherichia coli was serially diluted and detected to draw the standard curve. The detectable limit was determined to be the lowest concentration of standard where the ratio of its OD value to OD blank well was not less than 2.0. Results: The OD value was linearly corelated with the concentration of 3AB protein within the range between 4.7 and 600 ng/mL. The correlation coefficient R² is greater than 0.99, and the lowest detectable limit is 4.7 ng/mL. The amount of 3AB protein in non-purified inactivated virus antigen was detected between 9.3 and 200 ng/mL depending on the 12 different virus strains, whereas the amount of 3AB in purified virus antigen was below the lowest detectable limit. The amount of 3AB in 9 batches of commercial FMD vaccine antigens was between 9.0 and 74 ng/mL, whereas it was below the detectable limit in other 24 batches of commercial vaccine antigens. Conclusion: the sandwich ELISA established in this study is specific and sensitive to detect the content of 3AB protein in vaccine antigen of FMD, which will be a useful method for evaluation of the antigenic purity and quality control of FMD inactivated vaccine.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease/prevention & control* ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins/genetics* ; Viral Vaccines