Mesenchymal stem cells have emerged as a promising cell therapy for anti-tumor research due to their homing properties,low immunogenicity,anti-angiogenic activity,anti-inflammatory properties,and paracrine effects.Paclitaxel has been clinically used for over thirty years in the treatment of various tumors such as ovarian cancer,lung cancer,and breast cancer.However,the broad-spectrum anti-tumor properties of paclitaxel are not possessed by the aforementioned cell therapies.Moreover,its adverse reactions,including peripheral neuropathy,bone marrow suppression,and gastrointestinal reactions,have long plagued cancer patients.In recent years,many studies have focused on combining cell therapy with chemotherapy to achieve better treatment outcomes,giving rise to a new drug delivery system that utilizes mesenchymal stem cells as carriers for delivering chemotherapeutic drugs.This review summarizes the research progress in MSC-based drug delivery systems for paclitaxel.

Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a serious complication after acute ischemic stroke, leading to increased adverse outcomes and mortality. In recent years, there has been an increasing number of studies in predicting HT occurrence, but most of the existing studies have focused on patients accepted reperfusion therapy, and few studies have predicted spontaneous HT. This article provides a review of epidemiology, risk factors, and available prediction models for prediction of spontaneous HT after acute ischemic stroke.

Objective·To study the relationship between evolution and the developmental process from the perspective of DNA sequence conservation,and explore their inherent principles.Methods·First,conservation rate(CR)was established by analyzing the conservation of amino acid sequences of coding genes in 100 species to quantify the evolutionary conservation of genes.The relationship between CR and developmental potential was verified by using the feature genes involved in embryonic stem cells pathways.Secondly,cell type-specific genes and their characteristics in conservation were studied by analyzing the RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)data of the three early germ layers(ectoderm,mesoderm and endoderm)and their corresponding mature organs(brain,heart,liver,etc).Then,chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing(ChIP-seq)data of enhancer histone H3 acetylated at lysine 27(H3K27ac)from early germ layers and mature organs were collected to search for enhancer sites and identify super enhancers in various cells and tissues by using the ROSE procedure.Functional enrichment and signaling pathway analysis of genes was used to examine the identity correlation between SEs-regulated genes and the corresponding cell characteristics,to clarify whether the SEs identified in this study were consistent with the characteristics reported in previous studies.Finally,PhastCons program was used to calculate the DNA conservation score(CS)of non-coding regulatory regions to study their relationship with developmental potential.Results·In the coding region of DNA,CR was successfully established to quantify the conservation of genes.The gene expression data of early germ layers and mature organs showed that the genes with higher conservation rate were more relevant to the stemness and early developmental process,and the differences between the tissues from early and late development could be distinguished by using CR.In the non-coding regions of DNA,it was found that the conservation of regulatory regions was also correlated with development.The CS of the SE sequences in the early developmental germ layers was significantly higher than that of the SE sequences in the corresponding mature organs.However,cell-specific typical enhancers(TEs)did not show such a trend.Conclusion·During the developmental process,CR of genes expressed in the coding region decreases,and CS of super-enhancer DNA in the non-coding region decreases.

Humans ; Data Warehousing ; East Asian People ; Intracranial Hemorrhages/diagnostic imaging* ; Asian People ; Cerebral Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging*

The ketogenic diet, a non-pharmacotherapy, simulates the state of fasting to induce the liver to metabolize fatty acids into ketones as fuel source. It also possesses anti-inflammatory effects and impacts the occurrence and progression of various diseases among which is polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS). Ketogenic diet effectively manages body weight, improves ovarian function, regulates metabolic disorder, and enhances mental health. The growing body of evidence substantiates the safety and efficacy profile.

Objective To investigate the resting brain functional connectivity in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI).Methods From January, 2020 to January, 2021, 24 PSCI patients were divided into mild group (n=12) and moderate group (n=12) according to Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores; and other ten healthy controls (control group) were included. All the subjects were scanned with 64-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy in resting for six minutes. The data were analyzed with NirSpark 1.6.12 and SPSS 26.0.Results Using deoxyhemoglobin, the functional connectivity between bilateral hemispheres reduced in the moderate group compared with those in the control group (t=-2.763, P=0.024), especially for the functional connectivity between sensorimotor cortexes (F=12.674, P=0.031).Conclusion Functional connectivity between hemispheres decreases in PSCI patients, especially between sensorimotor cortexes.

Animals ; Epithelial Cells ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics* ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/pharmacology*

Objective:To explore the effect of pediatric critical illness score (PCIS), pediatric risk of mortality Ⅲ score (PRISM Ⅲ), pediatric logistic organ dysfunction 2 (PELOD-2), pediatric sequential organ failure assessment (p-SOFA) score and Glasglow coma scale (GCS) in the prognosis evaluation of septic-associated encephalopathy (SAE).Methods:The data of children with SAE admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2010 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into the survival and death groups according to the clinical outcome on the 28th day after admission. The efficiency of PCIS, PRISM Ⅲ, PELOD-2, p-SOFA and GCS scores for predicting death were evaluated by the area under the ROC curve (AUC). The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test assessed the calibration of each scoring system.Results:Up to 28 d after admission, 72 of 82 children with SAE survived and 10 died, with a mortality rate of 12.20%. Compared with the survival group, the death group had significantly lower GCS [7 (3, 12) vs. 12 (8, 14)] and PCIS scores [76 (64, 82) vs. 82 (78, 88)], and significantly higher PRISM Ⅲ [14 (12, 17) vs. 7 (3, 12)], PELOD-2 [8 (5, 13) vs. 4 (2, 7)] and p-SOFA scores [11 (5, 12) vs. 6 (3, 9)] ( P<0.05). The AUCs of PCIS, PRISM Ⅲ, PELOD-2, p-SOFA and GCS scores for predicting SAE prognosis were 0.773 ( P=0.012, AUC>0.7), 0.832 ( P=0.02, AUC>0.7), 0.767 ( P=0.014, AUC>0.7), 0.688 ( P=0.084, AUC<0.7), and 0.692 ( P=0.077,AUC<0.7), respectively. Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed that PCIS ( χ2=5.329, P=0.722) predicted the mortality and the actual mortality in the best fitting effect, while PRISM Ⅲ ( χ2=12.877, P=0.177), PELOD-2 ( χ2=8.487, P=0.205), p-SOFA ( χ2=9.048, P=0.338) and GCS ( χ2=3.780, P=0.848) had poor fitting effect. Conclusions:The PCIS, PRISM Ⅲ and PELOD-2 scores have good predictive ability assessing the prognosis of children with SAE, while the PCIS score can more accurately evaluate the fitting effect of SAE prognosis prediction.

Objective:To analyze the safety and efficacy of percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with interstitial implantation 125I of seeds (PVPI) in the treatment of thoracic vertebroplasty with posterior vertebra defect. Methods:A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 64 patients with thoracic spine metastases admitted to Yunnan Cancer Hospital from November 2017 to May 2019 was conducted, including 32 patients with posterior vertebra defect (experimental group) and 32 cases without (control group). Forty-two vertebral bodies of 32 patients in the experimental group were treated with improved PVPI surgery, which performed with the secondary sealing method and inclined puncture needle injection bone cement rotary filling technology, to reduce leakage. The 54 vertebral bodies of 32 patients in control group underwent PVPI. The two groups of patients were followed up on the second day, one month, three months and six months after the operation, and the short-term efficacy, long-term efficacy and safety indicators of the two groups were compared.Results:All 64 patients successfully completed the surgical treatment. The visual analogue scores and Karnofsky scores of the experimental group and the control group were improved to varying degrees on the second day, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after the operation. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). The amount of bone cement in the experimental group and control group was (2.36±0.20) ml and (2.39±0.17) ml, and the difference was not statistically significant ( P=0.482). The amount of 125I seed implantation was (30.63±0.91) and (32.56±0.68), respectively, the difference was not statistically significant ( P=0.925). The partial response rates of the study group and the control group were 81.3% and 87.5%, the stable disease rates were 12.5% and 9.4%, the differences were not statistically significant ( P>0.05). The median overall survival (mOS) of the study group was 13 months, and the median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 8 months. The mOS of the control group was 14 months, and the mPFS was 8 months. The differences were not statistically significant ( P>0.05). In the experimental group, 6 (14.3%) vertebral bodies had cement leakage, of which 2 (4.8%) were cement leakage at posterior vertebra, 4 (9.5%) were paravertebral cement leakage. Seven (13.0%) paravertebral cement leakage occurred in the control group. There was no significant difference in bone cement leakage between the two groups ( P=0.097). Bone cement leakage in both groups did not cause serious complications such as spinal cord injury and paraplegia. Conclusion:The application of PVPI in the treatment of thoracic metastatic tumor patients with posterior vertebra defect can acquire better clinical efficacy and safety through conduction of the improved intraoperative technology and paying more attention to the control of bone cement distribution and other issues.