Objective To investigate the prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infections in wild rodents in schistosomiasis-endemic areas of China, so as to provide insights into formulation of technical guidelines for monitoring of and the precise control strategy for S. japonicum infections in wild rodents during the elimination phase. Methods Two administrative villages where schistosomiasis was historically highly prevalent were selected each from Dongzhi County, Anhui Province, and Duchang County, Jiangxi Province as study villages. Wild rodents were captured from study villages with baited traps or cages at night in June and September, 2021. The number of rodents captured was recorded, and the rodent species was characterized based on morphologi-cal characteristics. Liver tissues were sampled from captured rodents for macroscopical observation of the presence of egg granu- lomas, and S. japonicum infection was detected simultaneously using liver tissue homogenate microscopy, examinations of mesenteric tissues for parasites, and modified Kato-Katz thick smear technique (Kato-Katz technique). A positive S. japonicum infection was defined as detection of S. japonicum eggs or adult worms by any of these methods. The rate of wild rodent capture and prevalence of S. japonicum infections in wild rodents were compared in different study villages and at different time periods, and the detection of S. japonicum infections in wild rodents was compared by different assays. Results The overall rate of wild ro- dent capture was 8.28% (237/2 861) in Dongzhi County, and the wild rodent capture rates were 9.24% (133/1 439) and 7.31% (104/1 422) in two study villages (χ² = 3.503, P = 0.061), and were 8.59% (121/1 409) and 7.99% (116/1 452) in June and September, 2021, respectively (χ² = 0.337, P = 0.561). The overall rate of wild rodent capture was 3.72% (77/2 072) in Duchang County, and the wild rodent capture rates were 6.91% (67/970) and 0.91% (10/1 102) in two study villages (χ² = 51.901, P < 0.001), and were 4.13% (39/945) and 3.37% (38/1 127) in June and September, 2021, respectively (χ² = 0.815, P = 0.365). Rattus norvegicus was the predominant rodent species captured in both counties, accounting for 70.04% (166/237) of all captured wild rodents in Dongzhi County and 88.31% (68/77) in Duchang County. No S. japonicum infection was detected in wild rodents captured in Duchang County. Nevertheless, the overall prevalence of S. japonicum infections was 51.05% (121/237) in wild rodents captured in Dongzhi County, with prevalence rates of 50.38% (67/133) and 51.92% (54/104) in two study villages (χ² = 0.098, P = 0.755), and 54.31% (63/116) and 47.93% (58/121) in September and June, 2021, respectively (χ² = 0.964, P = 0.326). Of 237 wild rodents captured in Dongzhi County, there were 140 (59.07%) rodents with visible hepatic egg granulomas, 117 (49.47%) tested positive for S. japonicum eggs by liver tissue homogenate microscopy, 34 (14.35%) tested positive for S. japonicum eggs with Kato-Katz technique; however, no adult S. japonicum worms were detected in mesenteric tissues. In addition, hepatic egg granulomas were found in all wild rodents tested positive for S. japonicum eggs with liver tissue homogenate microscopy. Conclusions The rate of wild rodent capture and prevalence of S. japonicum infection in wild rodents vary greatly in schistosomiasis-endemic areas of China, and the prevalence of S. japonicum infection is slightly higher in wild rodents captured in autumn than in summer. Liver tissue is recommended as the preferred sample for surveillance of S. japonicum infection in wild rodents, and a combination of macroscopical observation of hepatic egg granulomas and liver tissue homogenate microscopy may be a standard method for surveillance of S. japonicum infection in wild rodents.

Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes of transoral anterior Jefferson-fracture reduction plate (JeRP) and posterior screw rod (PSR) surgery for unstable atlas fractures via C1-ring osteosynthesis. Methods: From June 2009 to June 2022, 49 consecutive patients with unstable atlas fractures were treated by transoral anterior JeRP fixation (JeRP group) or PSR fixation (PSR group) and followed up at General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA; 30 males and 19 females were included. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Neck Disability Index (NDI), distance to anterior arch fracture (DAAF), distance to posterior arch fracture (DPAF), lateral mass displacement (LMD), Redlund-Johnell value, postoperative complications, and fracture healing rate were retrospectively collected and statistically analyzed. Results: Compared with that in the PSR group, the bleeding volume in the JeRP group was lower, and the length of hospital stay was longer. The VAS scores and NDIs of both groups were significantly improved after surgery. The postoperative DAAF and DPAF were significantly smaller after surgery in both groups. Compared with the significantly shorter DPAF in the PSR group, the JeRP group had a smaller DAAF, shorter LMDs and larger Redlund-Johnell value postoperatively and at the final follow-up. The fracture healing rate at 3 months after surgery was significantly greater in the JeRP group (p < 0.05). Conclusion Both C1-ring osteosynthesis procedures for treating unstable atlas fractures yield satisfactory clinical outcomes. Transoral anterior JeRP fixation is more effective than PSR fixation for holistic fracture reduction and short-term fracture healing, but the hospital stay is longer.

Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes of transoral anterior Jefferson-fracture reduction plate (JeRP) and posterior screw rod (PSR) surgery for unstable atlas fractures via C1-ring osteosynthesis. Methods: From June 2009 to June 2022, 49 consecutive patients with unstable atlas fractures were treated by transoral anterior JeRP fixation (JeRP group) or PSR fixation (PSR group) and followed up at General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA; 30 males and 19 females were included. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Neck Disability Index (NDI), distance to anterior arch fracture (DAAF), distance to posterior arch fracture (DPAF), lateral mass displacement (LMD), Redlund-Johnell value, postoperative complications, and fracture healing rate were retrospectively collected and statistically analyzed. Results: Compared with that in the PSR group, the bleeding volume in the JeRP group was lower, and the length of hospital stay was longer. The VAS scores and NDIs of both groups were significantly improved after surgery. The postoperative DAAF and DPAF were significantly smaller after surgery in both groups. Compared with the significantly shorter DPAF in the PSR group, the JeRP group had a smaller DAAF, shorter LMDs and larger Redlund-Johnell value postoperatively and at the final follow-up. The fracture healing rate at 3 months after surgery was significantly greater in the JeRP group (p < 0.05). Conclusion Both C1-ring osteosynthesis procedures for treating unstable atlas fractures yield satisfactory clinical outcomes. Transoral anterior JeRP fixation is more effective than PSR fixation for holistic fracture reduction and short-term fracture healing, but the hospital stay is longer.

Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes of transoral anterior Jefferson-fracture reduction plate (JeRP) and posterior screw rod (PSR) surgery for unstable atlas fractures via C1-ring osteosynthesis. Methods: From June 2009 to June 2022, 49 consecutive patients with unstable atlas fractures were treated by transoral anterior JeRP fixation (JeRP group) or PSR fixation (PSR group) and followed up at General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA; 30 males and 19 females were included. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Neck Disability Index (NDI), distance to anterior arch fracture (DAAF), distance to posterior arch fracture (DPAF), lateral mass displacement (LMD), Redlund-Johnell value, postoperative complications, and fracture healing rate were retrospectively collected and statistically analyzed. Results: Compared with that in the PSR group, the bleeding volume in the JeRP group was lower, and the length of hospital stay was longer. The VAS scores and NDIs of both groups were significantly improved after surgery. The postoperative DAAF and DPAF were significantly smaller after surgery in both groups. Compared with the significantly shorter DPAF in the PSR group, the JeRP group had a smaller DAAF, shorter LMDs and larger Redlund-Johnell value postoperatively and at the final follow-up. The fracture healing rate at 3 months after surgery was significantly greater in the JeRP group (p < 0.05). Conclusion Both C1-ring osteosynthesis procedures for treating unstable atlas fractures yield satisfactory clinical outcomes. Transoral anterior JeRP fixation is more effective than PSR fixation for holistic fracture reduction and short-term fracture healing, but the hospital stay is longer.

Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes of transoral anterior Jefferson-fracture reduction plate (JeRP) and posterior screw rod (PSR) surgery for unstable atlas fractures via C1-ring osteosynthesis. Methods: From June 2009 to June 2022, 49 consecutive patients with unstable atlas fractures were treated by transoral anterior JeRP fixation (JeRP group) or PSR fixation (PSR group) and followed up at General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA; 30 males and 19 females were included. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Neck Disability Index (NDI), distance to anterior arch fracture (DAAF), distance to posterior arch fracture (DPAF), lateral mass displacement (LMD), Redlund-Johnell value, postoperative complications, and fracture healing rate were retrospectively collected and statistically analyzed. Results: Compared with that in the PSR group, the bleeding volume in the JeRP group was lower, and the length of hospital stay was longer. The VAS scores and NDIs of both groups were significantly improved after surgery. The postoperative DAAF and DPAF were significantly smaller after surgery in both groups. Compared with the significantly shorter DPAF in the PSR group, the JeRP group had a smaller DAAF, shorter LMDs and larger Redlund-Johnell value postoperatively and at the final follow-up. The fracture healing rate at 3 months after surgery was significantly greater in the JeRP group (p < 0.05). Conclusion Both C1-ring osteosynthesis procedures for treating unstable atlas fractures yield satisfactory clinical outcomes. Transoral anterior JeRP fixation is more effective than PSR fixation for holistic fracture reduction and short-term fracture healing, but the hospital stay is longer.

Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes of transoral anterior Jefferson-fracture reduction plate (JeRP) and posterior screw rod (PSR) surgery for unstable atlas fractures via C1-ring osteosynthesis. Methods: From June 2009 to June 2022, 49 consecutive patients with unstable atlas fractures were treated by transoral anterior JeRP fixation (JeRP group) or PSR fixation (PSR group) and followed up at General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA; 30 males and 19 females were included. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Neck Disability Index (NDI), distance to anterior arch fracture (DAAF), distance to posterior arch fracture (DPAF), lateral mass displacement (LMD), Redlund-Johnell value, postoperative complications, and fracture healing rate were retrospectively collected and statistically analyzed. Results: Compared with that in the PSR group, the bleeding volume in the JeRP group was lower, and the length of hospital stay was longer. The VAS scores and NDIs of both groups were significantly improved after surgery. The postoperative DAAF and DPAF were significantly smaller after surgery in both groups. Compared with the significantly shorter DPAF in the PSR group, the JeRP group had a smaller DAAF, shorter LMDs and larger Redlund-Johnell value postoperatively and at the final follow-up. The fracture healing rate at 3 months after surgery was significantly greater in the JeRP group (p < 0.05). Conclusion Both C1-ring osteosynthesis procedures for treating unstable atlas fractures yield satisfactory clinical outcomes. Transoral anterior JeRP fixation is more effective than PSR fixation for holistic fracture reduction and short-term fracture healing, but the hospital stay is longer.

Pulmonary blast injury has become the main type of trauma in modern warfare, characterized by externally mild injuries but internally severe injuries, rapid disease progression, and a high rate of early death. The injury is complicated in clinical practice, often with multiple and compound injuries. Currently, there is a lack of effective protective materials, accurate injury detection instrument and portable monitoring and transportation equipment, standardized clinical treatment guidelines in various medical centers, and evidence-based guidelines at home and abroad, resulting in a high mortality in clinlcal practice. Therefore, the Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association and the Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized military and civilian experts in related fields such as thoracic surgery and traumatic surgery to jointly develop the Clinical treatment guideline for pulmonary blast injury ( version 2023) by combining evidence for effectiveness and clinical first-line treatment experience. This guideline provided 16 recommended opinions surrounding definition, characteristics, pre-hospital diagnosis and treatment, and in-hospital treatment of pulmonary blast injury, hoping to provide a basis for the clinical treatment in hospitals at different levels.

Objective:To investigate the clinical application of carbon nanoparticles mapping lymph nodes in curative resection for colorectal carcinoma.Methods:Patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer before operation and undergoing radical surgery with intact postoperative pathological data in the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University from March 2016 to March 2018 were included in this retrospective case-control study. Those who were diagnosed with ileus, recurrent carcinoma or underwent emergency operation were excluded. A total of 1421 cases were included, with 156 cases in the carbon nanoparticles mapping group and 1265 cases in the control group. Using 1∶3 case control matching based on gender, weight, TNM staging and neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 145 and 435 cases were finally recruited in the carbon nanoparticles mapping group and control group, respectively. Patients in the carbon nanoparticles mapping group underwent preoperative colonoscopy with carbon nanoparticles submucosal injection 2.4 (1.0 - 14.0) days before operation. Carbon nanoparticles of 0.25 ml was injected at 4 points (3, 6, 9 and 12 o'clock each) 0.5-1.0 cm around the tumor. The number of eliminated lymph node, number of positive lymph node and positive rate between the two groups were compared, and the number of eliminated lymph node in different subgroups of T stage, N stage, TNM stage and neoadjuvant chemotherapy was analyzed and compared.Results:After case control matching, total number of eliminated lymph nodes in the carbon nanoparticles mapping group was significantly higher than that in the control group (22.2±11.2 vs. 19.0±9.5, t=3.025, P=0.003). However, no statistically significant differences were found in the number of positive lymph node and lymph node positive rate between two groups (all P>0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that as compared to the control group, total number of eliminated lymph nodes in the carbon nanoparticles mapping group was significantly higher in T3 stage subgroup (median: 22 vs. 18, Z=2.435, P=0.015), N0 stage subgroup (median: 20.5 vs. 17.5, Z=2.772, P=0.006), TNM II stage subgroup (median: 23.5 vs. 19.0, Z=2.654, P=0.008) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (median: 22.5 vs. 13.0, Z=3.287, P=0.001), while compared to the control group, the number of positive lymph node (median: 4.0 vs. 6.5, Z=-2.530, P=0.011) and the lymph node metastasis degree (median: 16% vs. 31%, Z=-2.862, P=0.004) were lower in the carbon nanoparticles mapping group in N2 subgroup. Conclusion:Carbon nanoparticles mapping lymph nodes can effectively enhance the number of eliminated lymph nodes in curative resection for colorectal cancer.

Objective:To investigate the clinical application of carbon nanoparticles mapping lymph nodes in curative resection for colorectal carcinoma.Methods:Patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer before operation and undergoing radical surgery with intact postoperative pathological data in the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University from March 2016 to March 2018 were included in this retrospective case-control study. Those who were diagnosed with ileus, recurrent carcinoma or underwent emergency operation were excluded. A total of 1421 cases were included, with 156 cases in the carbon nanoparticles mapping group and 1265 cases in the control group. Using 1∶3 case control matching based on gender, weight, TNM staging and neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 145 and 435 cases were finally recruited in the carbon nanoparticles mapping group and control group, respectively. Patients in the carbon nanoparticles mapping group underwent preoperative colonoscopy with carbon nanoparticles submucosal injection 2.4 (1.0 - 14.0) days before operation. Carbon nanoparticles of 0.25 ml was injected at 4 points (3, 6, 9 and 12 o'clock each) 0.5-1.0 cm around the tumor. The number of eliminated lymph node, number of positive lymph node and positive rate between the two groups were compared, and the number of eliminated lymph node in different subgroups of T stage, N stage, TNM stage and neoadjuvant chemotherapy was analyzed and compared.Results:After case control matching, total number of eliminated lymph nodes in the carbon nanoparticles mapping group was significantly higher than that in the control group (22.2±11.2 vs. 19.0±9.5, t=3.025, P=0.003). However, no statistically significant differences were found in the number of positive lymph node and lymph node positive rate between two groups (all P>0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that as compared to the control group, total number of eliminated lymph nodes in the carbon nanoparticles mapping group was significantly higher in T3 stage subgroup (median: 22 vs. 18, Z=2.435, P=0.015), N0 stage subgroup (median: 20.5 vs. 17.5, Z=2.772, P=0.006), TNM II stage subgroup (median: 23.5 vs. 19.0, Z=2.654, P=0.008) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (median: 22.5 vs. 13.0, Z=3.287, P=0.001), while compared to the control group, the number of positive lymph node (median: 4.0 vs. 6.5, Z=-2.530, P=0.011) and the lymph node metastasis degree (median: 16% vs. 31%, Z=-2.862, P=0.004) were lower in the carbon nanoparticles mapping group in N2 subgroup. Conclusion:Carbon nanoparticles mapping lymph nodes can effectively enhance the number of eliminated lymph nodes in curative resection for colorectal cancer.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of miR-26b in the invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer.

METHODSData of public chip databases were extracted to analyze the relationship between miR-26b expression and lymph node metastasis. Two types of colorectal cancer cell lines, Caco2 and DLD1, were selected, and the miR-26b-high colorectal cancer cell line was constructed using the method of lentivirus infection. The effects of up-regulating miR-26b expression on the invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells were analyzed by Transwell migration and invasion experiment and wound healing assay. The effect of up-regulating miR-26b expression on stem cell phenotype of colorectal cancer cells was analyzed by sphere-formation assay.

RESULTSThe microarray detection results showed that the expression of miR-26b in tumor tissues of patients with lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than those without lymph node metastasis[(12.04±0.20) vs. (11.31±0.19), t=2.646, P = 0.010]. In the in vitro experiment section, the Transwell experiment results showed that the number of invasive cells [(16.40±1.36) vs. (3.80±0.86), t=7.814, P=0.000] and migrating cells [(33.40±2.93) vs. (8.80±2.40), t=6.505, P=0.000] in miR-26b-high colorectal cancer cells was significantly higher as compared to miR-26b-low cells(all P<0.05). Would healing assay also confirmed that the migration speed of miR-26b-high colorectal cancer cells was significantly accelerated. Both the rate and the density of sphere formation were higher in miR-26b-high colorectal cancer cells than those in miR-26b-low colorectal cancer cells [Caco2:(168.3±11.7) vs. (54.2±10.8), t=7.185,P=0.002; DLD1:(4 076.0±409.8) vs.(1 613.0±210.1), t=5.349, P=0.006].

CONCLUSIONmiR-26b may promote the invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer by accelerating the migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells and enhancing the stem cell phenotype of tumor cells.

Caco-2 Cells ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; physiology ; Cell Proliferation ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis