Objective To explore the effect of task-oriented training of intelligent mirror gloves combined with low-frequency repeti-tive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)on hand function recovery in stroke patients. Methods From October 1st,2022 to June 30th,2023,136 stroke patients in Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital were ran-domly divided into control group,mirror group,rTMS group and combination group,with 34 patients in each group.All the groups received routine rehabilitation treatment.In addition,the mirror group received task-orient-ed training of intelligent mirror gloves,rTMS group received low-frequency rTMS,and the combination group received task-oriented training combined with low-frequency rTMS,for four weeks.The Fugl-Meyer Assess-ment-Upper Extremities(FMA-UE)score,Wolf Motor Function Test(WMFT)score,and surface electromyo-graphic root mean square(RMS)of forearm extensor and flexor muscle groups on the affected/healthy side be-fore and after treatment were compared.And the differences of transcranial magnetic stimulation-motor-evoked potentials(MEP)between rTMS group and combination group before and after treatment were also compared. Results Four cases in the control group,seven in the mirror group,five in rTMS group and six in the combination group dropped off.The intra-group effect(F>996.656,P<0.001),inter-group effect(F>20.333,P<0.001)and inter-action effect(F>72.796,P<0.001)were significant in the scores of FMA-UE and WMFT,and the RMS ratio of forearm extensor and flexor muscle groups among four groups,in which the combination group was the best.After treatment,the amplitude of MEP increased in rTMS group and combination group(|t|>3.842,P<0.05),and was higher in the combination group than in rTMS group(t=-3.060,P<0.01). Conclusion The task-oriented training of intelligent mirror gloves combined with low-frequency rTMS could effectively promote the recovery of hand function in stroke patients.

Objective:To observe the effect of enriched rehabilitation on dual-task gait disorder after a transient ischemic attack (TIA) and explore its mechanism.Methods:Sixty TIA patients were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, each of 30. Another 30 healthy counterparts were selected to form a healthy control group. All of the TIA patients were given routine medication to lower blood pressure and improve brain function, while the observation group was additionally provided with enriched rehabilitation training for 12 weeks. Before and after the intervention, the gait and cognitive functioning of all of the subjects were quantified and their event-related potentials (P300s) and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were also measured.Results:Before the treatment there were significant differences between the TIA groups and healthy controls in all of the measurements, but there were no significant differences between the control and observation groups. After the treatment, no significant improvement was observed in any of the control group′s results, but there was significant improvement in the observation group′s gait parameters, cognitive functioning, average serum BDNF concentration and in the average latency and amplitude of its P300 signals.Conclusions:Enriched rehabilitation can improve the gait of TIA patients, perhaps through increasing their serum BDNF concentration and improving their cognition.

Objective:To explore the effect of high-frequency repeated magnetic stimulation on the body-specific attention of healthy adults.Methods:Forty healthy adults were recruited and randomly divided into a repeated stimulation group and a sham stimulation group, each of 20. A " Pathleader" medical device which can produce magnetism was used to stimulate the initial segment of the deep branch of the radial nerve on each subject′s non-dominant side in the repeated stimulation group. The intensity was set within the subject′s tolerable range but sufficient to induce obvious dorsiflexion of the wrist joint. The frequency was 50Hz, the stimulation time was 2s with 1s intervals. The entire stimulation sequence lasted 36min. In the sham stimulation group, the device and parameters were the same but the coil was rotated 90° so there was no actual stimulation. The difference between the reaction time in the body condition and the reaction time in the control condition was defined as body-specific attention. Body-specific attention was quantified before stimulation, right after stimulation and 10 minutes later.Results:Right after stimulation body-specific attention was no different from before stimulation in either group. Ten minutes after real stimulation, body-specific attention had increased significantly, but there was no significant difference in the sham stimulation group.Conclusion:High-frequency repeated magnetic stimulation of a peripheral nerve can improve the body-specific attention of neurologically-intact healthy adults. The effect may arise from initial inhibition followed by enhancement.

Objective:To design a set of anti-G physical fitness training program to improve strength tolerance, and further to investigate the effects of anti-G physical fitness training.Methods:According to requirement of the fighter pilots’ anti-G physical fitness on practical training for actual combat, a set of anti-G physical fitness training program was designed. The same expiratory manner as HP maneuver was applied in every item of the training. The training program included barbell squat training, dead lift training, bench press training, tilt board crunch, seated kick, and respiratory muscle training. Eight healthy male subjects volunteered for the study were trained according to the training program for 12 weeks. The strength training was undertaken on 3 separate days per week. Four intensities of the training were performed along with the medium-highest-medium-higher or medium-higher-highest-higher modes. The indicators related to the level of anti-G physical fitness of subjects before and after training were tested. Paired test was performed for the statistical assessment of the anti-G physical fitness level with SPSS software.Results:Compared with those before training, 1 repetition maximum (1 RM) and 10 RM of barbell squat, dead lift, and bench press after training were significantly increased respectively( t=6.382-16.767, P<0.01). 10 RM of the 3 items increased respectively 51.5%, 27.6%, and 46.0%. 1 RM of the three items increased respectively 57.7%, 34.0%, and 45.2%. The number of leg-raising times of tilt board crunch significantly increased ( t=7.508, P<0.01) ,which increased 69.9% under double load of the legs after training. When the tolerance time of abdominal muscle was equivalent, the load of the legs after training was double load before training. Strength tolerance of pedal force of lower limbs significantly increased 188.7% averagely( t=8.213, P<0.01) after training. Maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) and maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) averagely increased 42.4% and 19.7% respectively ( t=7.361, 4.119, P<0.01) after training. Strength tolerance of respiratory muscle averagely increased 270.0% ( t=7.800, P<0.01) after training. Conclusions:The anti-G physical fitness training program can effectively improve the strength tolerance of the main muscle groups correlated to anti-G ability. The effect of the program on improving the level of the subjects’ anti-G physical fitness is obvious, which establishes the basis of applying the program for verification in fighter pilots.

Objective:To design a set of anti-G physical fitness training program to improve strength tolerance, and further to investigate the effects of anti-G physical fitness training.Methods:According to requirement of the fighter pilots’ anti-G physical fitness on practical training for actual combat, a set of anti-G physical fitness training program was designed. The same expiratory manner as HP maneuver was applied in every item of the training. The training program included barbell squat training, dead lift training, bench press training, tilt board crunch, seated kick, and respiratory muscle training. Eight healthy male subjects volunteered for the study were trained according to the training program for 12 weeks. The strength training was undertaken on 3 separate days per week. Four intensities of the training were performed along with the medium-highest-medium-higher or medium-higher-highest-higher modes. The indicators related to the level of anti-G physical fitness of subjects before and after training were tested. Paired test was performed for the statistical assessment of the anti-G physical fitness level with SPSS software.Results:Compared with those before training, 1 repetition maximum (1 RM) and 10 RM of barbell squat, dead lift, and bench press after training were significantly increased respectively( t=6.382-16.767, P<0.01). 10 RM of the 3 items increased respectively 51.5%, 27.6%, and 46.0%. 1 RM of the three items increased respectively 57.7%, 34.0%, and 45.2%. The number of leg-raising times of tilt board crunch significantly increased ( t=7.508, P<0.01) ,which increased 69.9% under double load of the legs after training. When the tolerance time of abdominal muscle was equivalent, the load of the legs after training was double load before training. Strength tolerance of pedal force of lower limbs significantly increased 188.7% averagely( t=8.213, P<0.01) after training. Maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) and maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) averagely increased 42.4% and 19.7% respectively ( t=7.361, 4.119, P<0.01) after training. Strength tolerance of respiratory muscle averagely increased 270.0% ( t=7.800, P<0.01) after training. Conclusions:The anti-G physical fitness training program can effectively improve the strength tolerance of the main muscle groups correlated to anti-G ability. The effect of the program on improving the level of the subjects’ anti-G physical fitness is obvious, which establishes the basis of applying the program for verification in fighter pilots.

Objective To study the gradual-onset rate (GOR)mode on human centrifuge G-tolerance determination and the applications in pilot selection and training. Methods Twenty-five pilots were undertaken the G-tolerance examination under centrifuge GOR operating mode and completed high G centrifuge training at +8.0 Gz level for 10 s.The pilots were divided into excellent group (n=1 3),good group (n=7 )and mediocre group (n=5 )by the high G training result.The pilots, G-tolerance under GOR mode and the anti-G effect of performing HP maneuver were analyzed. Results Under GOR mode pilots, strained tolerance (GOR2 )was significantly higher than their relaxed tolerance (GOR1 )(t=1 4.420,P=0.000 ).The differences on GOR1 tolerance and HP maneuver anti-G effect were not significant among different groups (F=2.593,0.1 76,P>0.05).The GOR2 tolerance of excellent group was significantly higher than that of other 2 groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference on GOR2 tolerance among groups (P>0.05). Conclusions The G-tolerance and the effect of performing anti-G straining maneuver could be precisely and conveniently evaluated with GOR mode.It is necessary to establish the G-tolerance examination method and assessment criterion under centrifuge GOR mode for the G tolerance determination and training of high performance fighter aircraft pilot.

Objective To study the gradual-onset rate (GOR)mode on human centrifuge G-tolerance determination and the applications in pilot selection and training. Methods Twenty-five pilots were undertaken the G-tolerance examination under centrifuge GOR operating mode and completed high G centrifuge training at +8.0 Gz level for 10 s.The pilots were divided into excellent group (n=1 3),good group (n=7 )and mediocre group (n=5 )by the high G training result.The pilots, G-tolerance under GOR mode and the anti-G effect of performing HP maneuver were analyzed. Results Under GOR mode pilots, strained tolerance (GOR2 )was significantly higher than their relaxed tolerance (GOR1 )(t=1 4.420,P=0.000 ).The differences on GOR1 tolerance and HP maneuver anti-G effect were not significant among different groups (F=2.593,0.1 76,P>0.05).The GOR2 tolerance of excellent group was significantly higher than that of other 2 groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference on GOR2 tolerance among groups (P>0.05). Conclusions The G-tolerance and the effect of performing anti-G straining maneuver could be precisely and conveniently evaluated with GOR mode.It is necessary to establish the G-tolerance examination method and assessment criterion under centrifuge GOR mode for the G tolerance determination and training of high performance fighter aircraft pilot.

Objective To analyze and discuss the status of fighter pilots' centrifuge training,to investigate the pilots' G tolerance and to provide reference for training program improvement.Methods One thousand and one hundred ninety-nine fighter pilots' human centrifuge training data were collected and analyzed by cross-sectional study.Pilots were classified by the training purposes that were for aeromedical qualification and competitive assessment.The up-to-standard rates were compared upon the analysis of pilots' training performance.Results In 877 pilots for aeromedical qualification,594 completed the runs of 8 G for 10 s,106 completed 9 G for 10 s.The qualification rate was 79.1％.In 180 high performance fighter pilots selected for competitive assessment,141 completed the runs of 9 G for 10 s.The qualification rate was 78.3％.In 142 second generation fighter pilots selected for competitive assessment,140 completed the runs of 7 G for 10 s.The qualification rate was 98.6％ which was significantly greater than that of the pilots for aeromedical qualification (x 2 =31.141,P ＜ 0.01) and high performance fighter pilots selected for competitive assessment (x 2 =29.318,P＜0.01).There was no difference on qualification rate between the latter two groups (x2 =0.058,P ＞0.05).The incidence of G-LOC and A-LOC was 5.0％ and 2.7％ respectively.The incidences of G-LOC (x2 =4.983,P＜0.05) and A-LOC (x2 =7.528,P＜0.05) of the pilots selected for competitive assessment were significantly greater than those of the pilots for aeromedical qualification.In 1 199 pilots,only 2 pilots (0.17％) had severe acute lumbar sprain.Conclusions Advanced anti-G methods have been adopted in our centrifuge training.The incidences of G-LOC and spinal injury induced by centrifuge training are low.The training program still needs further development and the training effectiveness should be improved.

Objective To probe the causes of pilot's G-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC) in air induced by push-pull maneuver (PPM) in human centrifuge training and instruct protective measures of push-pull effect (PPE) for pilots to promote the adaptation of PPE.Methods A pilot experienced air G-LOC induced by PPM participated in the basic tolerance determination and PPE training in human centrifuge.Relaxed + Gz tolerance was determined as qualification with 4.25 G sustained for 10 s.PPE protective training included:① 1 Gz/+4 Gz profile:from + 1.4 Gz baseline declined to-1 Gz with the rate of 1 G/s and sustained for 5 s,then climbed to +4 Gz with 2 G/s onset rate and sustained for 10 s.Pilot's suit pressure was 35 kPa.②-1 Gz/+ 5 Gz profile:from +1.4 Gz baseline declined to-1 Gz with the rate of 1 G/s and sustained for 5 s,and then climbed to +5 Gz with 2 G/s onset rate and sustained for 10 s.Pilot's suit pressure was 45 kPa.Relaxed +Gz tolerance,PPE tolerance of pilots and PPE protective effects were analyzed.Results Pilot's relaxed +Gz tolerance was qualified with the normal electrocardiogram and declined but not flattened ear opacity pulse amplitude.PPM protective measures training:①for-1Gz/+ 4Gz profile:pilot completed standard HP straining maneuver in the training.②for-1 Gz/+5 Gz profile:pilot didn't perform HP maneuver when acceleration transferred from-Gz to +Gz.Finally,he corrected to perform proper HP maneuver under the guidance of instructor and completed the training.Conclusions The improper PPE protective measure leads to the pilot's Gr-LOC in air but not the poor +Gz tolerance.Mechanism and protective measures of PPM and PPE should be preached and PPE protective measures training could be a part of human centrifuge training.

Objective To analyze and discuss the status of fighter pilots' centrifuge training,to investigate the pilots' G tolerance and to provide reference for training program improvement.Methods One thousand and one hundred ninety-nine fighter pilots' human centrifuge training data were collected and analyzed by cross-sectional study.Pilots were classified by the training purposes that were for aeromedical qualification and competitive assessment.The up-to-standard rates were compared upon the analysis of pilots' training performance.Results In 877 pilots for aeromedical qualification,594 completed the runs of 8 G for 10 s,106 completed 9 G for 10 s.The qualification rate was 79.1％.In 180 high performance fighter pilots selected for competitive assessment,141 completed the runs of 9 G for 10 s.The qualification rate was 78.3％.In 142 second generation fighter pilots selected for competitive assessment,140 completed the runs of 7 G for 10 s.The qualification rate was 98.6％ which was significantly greater than that of the pilots for aeromedical qualification (x 2 =31.141,P ＜ 0.01) and high performance fighter pilots selected for competitive assessment (x 2 =29.318,P＜0.01).There was no difference on qualification rate between the latter two groups (x2 =0.058,P ＞0.05).The incidence of G-LOC and A-LOC was 5.0％ and 2.7％ respectively.The incidences of G-LOC (x2 =4.983,P＜0.05) and A-LOC (x2 =7.528,P＜0.05) of the pilots selected for competitive assessment were significantly greater than those of the pilots for aeromedical qualification.In 1 199 pilots,only 2 pilots (0.17％) had severe acute lumbar sprain.Conclusions Advanced anti-G methods have been adopted in our centrifuge training.The incidences of G-LOC and spinal injury induced by centrifuge training are low.The training program still needs further development and the training effectiveness should be improved.