Objective To evaluate the current radiation doses in pediatric non-cardiac interventional procedures, and analyze the associated clinical factors, and to provide data references for reducing pediatric radiation exposure. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of the radiation doses of children who had undergone non-cardiac interventional procedures at the interventional department of a tertiary pediatric hospital in Jinan from January 2022 to October 2024. The collected data included basic demographic information, surgical date, anatomical site, disease type, and radiation dose parameters (cumulative fluoroscopy time, cumulative dose area product in cine mode, cumulative air kerma, and the number of images acquired). The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparative analysis between groups (P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant). Results Among the 475 included children, 99 cases (20.8%) had infantile hemangioma (median P_ka, 0.136 Gy·cm²; median K_a,r, 0.38 mGy), 235 cases (49.5%) had venous malformation (median P_ka, 9.82 Gy·cm²; median K_a,r, 40.99 mGy), 75 cases (15.8%) had lymphatic malformation (median P_ka, 0.06 Gy·cm²; median K_a,r, 0.18 mGy), 32 cases (6.7%) had retinoblastoma (median P_ka, 6.58 Gy·cm²; median K_a,r, 52.34 mGy), 12 cases (2.5%) had arteriovenous malformation (median P_ka, 42.3 Gy·cm²; median K_a,r, 162.87 mGy), and 22 cases (4.6%) had other vascular malformations (median P_ka, 21.7 Gy·cm²; median K_a,r, 89.1 mGy). There were significant differences between children with different disease types in the cumulative fluoroscopy time, cumulative dose area product in cine mode, cumulative air kerma at the patient entrance reference point, and the number of images acquired during non-cardiac interventional procedures (all P < 0.01). Conclusion This study presented the types and proportions of pediatric non-cardiac interventional procedures, evaluated the radiation dose levels of different surgical types, and analyzed the effects of weight and anatomical site on radiation exposure, which can be useful for preliminary assessment of radiation doses in pediatric non-cardiac interventional procedures.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic value of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) of throat swab samples for detecting community-acquired respiratory viruses (CARV) in patients with hematological diseases.Methods:Clinical and laboratory data from 64 episodes involving patients with hematological diseases and suspected infections—who underwent both pharyngeal swab tNGS and CARV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing concurrently—were retrospectively analyzed. The cases were drawn from the Department of Hematology, Peking University People’s Hospital, between September 2023 and April 2024. Concordance between tNGS and CARV PCR results, as well as the diagnostic performance of tNGS in detecting CARV, were evaluated.Results:Among the 64 episodes, 29 were clinically diagnosed with respiratory tract infections, including one case of cytomegalovirus pneumonia and 28 CARV-positive cases. The remaining 35 episodes involved patients with fever or respiratory symptoms attributed to other causes, including 14 with extrapulmonary infections and 21 with noninfectious etiologies. The median follow-up duration was 215.5 days (range: 7-271 days). PCR detected 24 strains of seven CARV types, whereas tNGS detected 25 strains of eight CARV types. Using PCR results as the reference standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of tNGS were 85.0%, 88.6%, 77.3%, 92.9%, and 87.5%, respectively. The two methods showed good concordance (Kappa=0.717, P<0.001) . Conclusion:Pharyngeal swab tNGS may serve as a viable alternative to PCR for diagnosing CARV infections in patients with hematological diseases.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic value of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) of throat swab samples for detecting community-acquired respiratory viruses (CARV) in patients with hematological diseases.Methods:Clinical and laboratory data from 64 episodes involving patients with hematological diseases and suspected infections—who underwent both pharyngeal swab tNGS and CARV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing concurrently—were retrospectively analyzed. The cases were drawn from the Department of Hematology, Peking University People’s Hospital, between September 2023 and April 2024. Concordance between tNGS and CARV PCR results, as well as the diagnostic performance of tNGS in detecting CARV, were evaluated.Results:Among the 64 episodes, 29 were clinically diagnosed with respiratory tract infections, including one case of cytomegalovirus pneumonia and 28 CARV-positive cases. The remaining 35 episodes involved patients with fever or respiratory symptoms attributed to other causes, including 14 with extrapulmonary infections and 21 with noninfectious etiologies. The median follow-up duration was 215.5 days (range: 7-271 days). PCR detected 24 strains of seven CARV types, whereas tNGS detected 25 strains of eight CARV types. Using PCR results as the reference standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of tNGS were 85.0%, 88.6%, 77.3%, 92.9%, and 87.5%, respectively. The two methods showed good concordance (Kappa=0.717, P<0.001) . Conclusion:Pharyngeal swab tNGS may serve as a viable alternative to PCR for diagnosing CARV infections in patients with hematological diseases.

Objective:To explore the effect of online and offline blended teaching in gynecology and obstetrics nursing.Methods:From February to July 2021, 139 second-year nursing undergraduates from the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College in 2019 were selected as the research subject by the convenience sampling. The online and offline blended teaching was applied in the course of gynecology and obstetrics nursing. A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the evaluation of undergraduate nursing students on teaching preparation, teaching implementation and teaching effect.Results:A total of 87.05% of the students had a very good/good experience of using the online learning platform. 99.28% of students could watch online videos before class. 97.84% of the students were very satisfied/satisfied with the teaching.Conclusions:The online and offline blended teaching is conducive to improving students' autonomous learning ability, promoting the understanding and mastery of obstetrics and gynecology nursing knowledge, and improving learning interest.

Most information used to evaluate diabetic statuses is collected at a special time-point, such as taking fasting plasma glucose test and providing a limited view of individual's health and disease risk. As a new parameter for continuously evaluating personal clinical statuses, the newly developed technique "continuous glucose monitoring" (CGM) can characterize glucose dynamics. By calculating the complexity of glucose time series index (CGI) with refined composite multi-scale entropy analysis of the CGM data, the study showed for the first time that the complexity of glucose time series in subjects decreased gradually from normal glucose tolerance to impaired glucose regulation and then to type 2 diabetes (P for trend < 0.01). Furthermore, CGI was significantly associated with various parameters such as insulin sensitivity/secretion (all P < 0.01), and multiple linear stepwise regression showed that the disposition index, which reflects β-cell function after adjusting for insulin sensitivity, was the only independent factor correlated with CGI (P < 0.01). Our findings indicate that the CGI derived from the CGM data may serve as a novel marker to evaluate glucose homeostasis.
Humans ; Glucose ; Blood Glucose ; Insulin Resistance/physiology* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis* ; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring ; Time Factors ; Insulin

Objective:To investigate the influencing factors of recurrence after radical resection of middle and low rectal cancer, and to establish a prediction model based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurement of perirectal fat content and investigate its application value.Methods:The retrospective cohort study was constructed. The clinicopathological data of 254 patients with middle and low rectal cancer who were admitted to Tianjin Union Medical Center from December 2016 to December 2021 were collected. There were 188 males and 66 females, aged (61±9)years. All patients underwent radical resection of rectal cancer and routine pelvic MRI examina-tion. Observation indicators: (1) follow-up and quantitative measurement of perirectal fat content; (2) factors influencing tumor recurrence after radical resection of middle and low rectal cancer; (3) construction and evaluation of the nomogram prediction model of tumor recurrence after radical resection of middle and low rectal cancer. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(rang) and M( Q1, Q2). Count data were described as absolute numbers. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted using the COX regression model. The rms software package (4.1.3 version) was used to construct the nomogram and calibration curve. The survival software package (4.1.3 version) was used to calculate the C-index. The ggDCA software package (4.1.3 version) was used for decision curve analysis. Results:(1) Follow-up and quantitative measurement of perirectal fat content. All 254 patients were followed up for 41.0(range, 1.0?59.0)months after surgery. During the follow-up period, there were 81 patients undergoing tumor recurrence with the time to tumor recurrence as 15.0(range, 1.0?43.0)months, and there were 173 patients without tumor recurrence. The preoperative rectal mesangial fascia envelope volume, preoperative rectal mesangial fat area, preoperative rectal posterior mesangial thickness were 159.1(68.6,266.5)cm3, 17.0(5.1,34.4)cm2, 1.2(0.4,3.2)cm in the 81 patients with tumor recurrence, and 178.5(100.1,310.1)cm3, 19.8(5.3,40.2)cm2 and 1.6(0.3,3.7)cm in the 173 patients without tumor recurrence. (2) Factors influencing tumor recurrence after radical resection of middle and low rectal cancer. Results of multivariate analysis showed that poorly differentiated tumor, tumor pathological N staging as N1?N2 stage, rectal posterior mesangial thickness ≤1.43 cm, magnetic resonance extra mural vascular invasion, tumor invasion surrounding structures were independent risk factors of tumor recurrence after radical resection of middle and low rectal cancer ( hazard ratio=1.64, 2.20, 3.19, 1.69, 4.20, 95% confidence interval as 1.03?2.61, 1.29?3.74, 1.78?5.71, 1.02?2.81, 2.05?8.63, P<0.05). (3) Construction and evaluation of the nomogram prediction model of tumor recurrence after radical resection of middle and low rectal cancer. Based on the results of multivariate analysis, the tumor differentiation, tumor pathological N staging, rectal posterior mesangial thickness, magnetic resonance extra mural vascular invasion, tumor invasion surrounding structures were included to construct the nomogram predic-tion model of tumor recurrence after radical resection of middle and low rectal cancer. The total score of these index in the nomogram prediction model corresponded to the probability of post-operative tumor recurrence. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.80, indicating that the prediction model with good prediction accuracy. Results of calibration curve showed that the nomogram prediction model with good prediction ability. Results of decision curve showed that the prediction probability threshold range was wide when the nomogram prediction model had obvious net benefit rate, and the model had good clinical practicability. Conclusions:Poorly differentiated tumor, tumor pathological N staging as N1?N2 stage, rectal posterior mesangial thickness ≤1.43 cm, magnetic resonance extra mural vascular invasion, tumor invasion surrounding structures are independent risk factors of tumor recurrence after radical resection of middle and low rectal cancer. Nomogram prediction model based on MRI measurement of perirectal fat content can effectively predict the probability of postoperative tumor recurrence.

Objective:To investigate the application value of establishing the differential diagnosis model of pulmonary tuberculosis using routine laboratory data.Methods:The retrospective study was conducted. The routine laboratory data of newly diagnosed patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and other pulmonary diseases in Beijng Jishuitan Hospital and Beijing Hepingli Hospital from May 2015 to November 2021were collected. According to the random numbers showed in the computer, all the 11516 patients were divided into training dataset and test dataset with a ratio of 9∶1. Four machine learning algorithms, Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbor and Logistic Regression, were used to build models and select features. The diagnostic accuracy of each model was verified by using the 10-fold cross-validation method and the performance of each model was evaluated by using the receptor operator of characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:Random Forest was selected as the optimal machine learning algorithm to build the best feature model in the study. According to importance scale of factors, the differential diagnosis model of pulmonary tuberculosis consisting of 37 non-specific test indexes. In the validation set and test set the accuracy and area under curve (AUC) of the models were 0.747 and 0.736, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 68.03% and 68.75%, 70.91% and 67.90%, 70.30% and 68.12%, respectively.Conclusion:A key tool in the differential diagnosis model of pulmonary tuberculosis was established by routine laboratory data in combination with machine learning. The results of this study need to be further verified by more data from medical institutions.

Objective To evaluate a new prenatal diagnosis model of chromosomal abnormalities and nine microdeletion syndromes by using both traditional karyotyping and a newly-developed rapid prenatal diagnosis technology, BACs-on-Beads (BoBs) technique. Methods From June 2012 to December 2014, 807 pregnant women with high risk after screening or with other indicators, were performed amniocentesis. Traditional karyotyping and BoBs were employed simultaneously for prenatal diagnosis. Results Thirty-two cases with chromosome aneupoidies were successfully detected both by BoBs and karyotyping, including 18 cases of trisomy 21, 6 cases of trisomy 18, 1 case of trisomy 13, and 7 cases with sex chromosome abnormality. All 8 fetuses with chromosome structural abnormalities detected by karyotyping were missed by BoBs;while BoBs contributed more in detection of five microdeletion syndrome cases, including 3 cases of DiGeorge syndromes (two with microduplication and one with microdeletion), one case of Miller-Dieker syndrome, and one case of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome. Conclusion Combined use of traditional karyotyping and BoBs, is a rapid and effective prenatal diagnosis model that may enlarge our horizon on chromosomal diseases and should be widely used in future clinical service.

Objective To test whether glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) would regulate the expression of visfatin in adipocytes,and to explore the mechanism of this effect.Methods Fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with GLP-1.Total RNA was extracted for analyzing the level of visfatin mRNA by quantitative RT-PCR.The media were collected for measuring the level of visfatin protein by enzyme linked immuno-assay (ELISA).In order to test the involvement of PKA pathway,the adipocytes were pretreated with a specific pharmacological PKA inhibitor H89 for 30 min before GLP-1 was added.Results GLP-1 increased visfatin expression in a time-and dose-dependent manner.The level of visfatin significantly increased at the concentration of 10 10 mol/L GLP-1 (P＜0.05),and reached the peak at 10-9 mol/L (P＜0.01).After incubation for 18 hours,GLP-1 dominantly increased the level of visfatin (P＜0.05).Inhibition of PKA pathway by H89 partially blocked the effect of GLP-1 on visfatin expression.Conclusions GLP-1 may enhance the expression of visfatin in 3T3-L1 adipocyte via the PKA pathway,which might contribute to the improvement in glucose homeostasis.