Objective: To investigate the status of heat illness, knowledge awareness and adaptive behaviors of heat wave knowledge among food delivery riders, so as to provide a basis for optimizing heat wave response measures for food delivery riders. Methods: In November 2022, food delivery riders from a large food delivery platform in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province were selected as survey subjects using a cluster sampling method. A self-designed electronic questionnaire was used to select demographic information, work status, lifestyle behaviors and disease history, heat illness status, knowledge awareness and adaptive behaviors of heatwave. Results: A total of 911 questionnaires were distributed, and 830 valid questionnaires were recovered, resulting in a valid response rate of 91.11%. Among the respondents, 796 (95.90%) were male, and 818 (98.55%) worked full-time. The mean age was (27.75±8.00) years. A total of 470 respondents (56.63%) had a work tenure of less than 1 year. The primary working hours were 8-<12 hours, with 504 people accounting for 60.72%. There were 108 cases of heatstroke, with an occurrence rate of 13.01%. And 286 people reported heat-related symptoms, with an occurrence rate of 34.46%. The overall awareness rate of heat wave knowledge was 73.22%, while the awareness rate of heat warning signal classification was relatively low at 9.04%. The heat wave cognition score was (5.86±1.31) points. There were statistically significant differences in heat wave cognition scores among food delivery riders of different ages, educational levels, family annual income, work tenures, and work durations (all P<0.05). Regarding positive adaptive behaviors, the number of riders paying attention to weather forecasts and actively learning about preventive measures was higher (734 people each, accounting for 88.43%). Regarding negative adaptive behaviors, the number of riders who often drank ice-cold beverages was higher (509 people, accounting for 61.33%). The heat wave adaptive behavior score was (6.88±1.77) points. There were statistically significant differences in adaptive behavior scores among riders with different educational levels, family annual income, work tenures, and smoking frequency (all P<0.05). Conclusions The occurrence rates of heatstroke and heat-related symptoms among food delivery riders are relatively high. The knowledge awareness and adaptive behaviors regarding heat wave are at a moderate level. It is suggested to strengthen health education, reinforce risk cognition of heat wave, and promote positive adaptive behaviors among food delivery riders.

Geniposide， the primary active component of the traditional Chinese medicine Gardeniae Fructus， is a water-soluble iridoid glycoside. Pharmacological studies have demonstrated that geniposide exhibits various biological activities， including hepatoprotective， anti-inflammatory， analgesic， neuroprotective， antidepressant effects， and inhibitory activity against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Recent research has revealed its promising potential in preventing and treating diseases such as atherosclerosis and osteoporosis， indicating broad application prospects. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that the pharmacodynamic mechanisms of geniposide are primarily associated with the inhibition of inflammatory responses and oxidative stress， improvement of lipid metabolism， and regulation of apoptosis. However， due to its high water solubility and rapid metabolism in vivo， geniposide suffers from low oral bioavailability， which limits its therapeutic efficacy and clinical application. In recent years， various formulations， such as creams， cubic liquid crystals， hydrogels， and liposomes， have been developed to address its bioavailability issues. This article reviewed the latest research progress on the pharmacological activities and formulation development of geniposide by analyzing domestic and international literature from the past decade， aiming to provide a theoretical basis for further research， development， and utilization of geniposide and its formulations.

Objective: Blood safety surveillance is a critical measure for the objective assessment of blood quality and enhancing transfusion safety. This study aims to comprehensively understand the current status of blood safety surveillance and management in blood collection and supply institutions in Sichuan Province, systematically analyze existing problems and vulnerabilities, and provide a basis for optimizing management strategies and improving capabilities to ensure blood safety. Methods: The Blood Safety Surveillance questionnaire was designed, covering adverse donor reaction reporting, management of adverse events, and transfusion adverse reaction feedback. An online survey was conducted via Questionnaire Star platform among 21 blood collection and supply institutions in the province, gathering information on management systems, process implementation, and utilization of monitoring data. The collected data were organized and statistically analyzed using Excel. Results: The questionnaire response rate and validity rate were both 100%. Blood collection and supply institutions in Sichuan Province have generally established a blood safety surveillance system and achieved positive outcomes. Regarding adverse events in blood collection and supply, 95.24% (20 institutions) have established reporting procedures, and 66.67% (14) collect information through multiple channels such as internal reports, external reports, and statistical trend feedback. A total of 90.48% (19) institutions regularly summarize and analyze adverse event data, and 85.71% (18) produce reports with improvement recommendations based on this analysis.71.43% (15) institutions implement reward and penalty measures, and 71.43% (15) report underreporting or omission due to accountability or performance concerns. In terms of monitoring adverse blood donation reactions, all blood collection and supply institutions have established full-process management systems.76.19% (16) collect data through multiple approaches, including on-site donation records, voluntary donor reports, and donor follow-ups. Adverse reactions were followed up in 95.24% (20) of institutions with 65% (13) completing follow-ups within 24 hours.80.95% (17) have established investigation procedures, while 66.67% (14) believe underreporting or omission still occurs. All blood collection and supply institutions regularly compile statistics on adverse donation reactions. Of these, 85.71% (18) institutions providing feedback to management departments and 90.48% (19) analyzing the data and making recommendations.76.19% (16) institutions use monitoring data for return donor management and targeted care, and 71.43% (15 stations) incorporate it into management reviews. Regarding adverse transfusion reactions, 95.24% (20) institutions have established and implemented procedures for isolating, recalling, and tracing of problematic blood units. However, only 42.86% (9) have established feedback mechanisms of adverse transfusion reaction with hospitals, and only 19.05% (4) support direct reporting via information systems.47.62% (10) institutions regularly analyze adverse transfusion reaction data, and 19.05% (4) provide feedback and recommendations to relevant hospitals. All blood collection and supply institutions reported challenges in collecting hospital feedback, citing complexities in data collection and reporting processes. Conclusion: Blood safety surveillance systems have been preliminarily established in Sichuan Province. However, further strengthening is still required, including conducting in-depth data analysis and utilization, standardizing the configuration of emergency medications and equipment, and improving feedback mechanisms for adverse transfusion reactions. To improve the overall level of blood safety management, it is recommended to strengthen closed-loop data management, improve feedback mechanisms between blood collection and supply institutions and hospitals, foster a non-punitive reporting culture, and systematically advance the regionalization and standardization of the monitoring system. These efforts will contribute to sustainably improving the overall effectiveness and sustainability of blood safety management.

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury can lead to secondary brain damage through com-plex pathological processes such as ion imbalance,inflammation,mitochondrial dysfunction,oxidative stress,and increased vascular permeability,serious-ly affecting the prognosis and quality of life of isch-emic stroke patients.How to effectively reduce and prevent neurological damage caused by CIRI has become a key and hot topic in CIS research.In re-cent years,many studies have confirmed that the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine can alleviate oxidative stress,inhibit autophagy,regulate cell apoptosis,control neuroinflammation,reduce cell apoptosis index,alleviate neuronal his-topathological damage,promote neuronal survival,enhance synaptic plasticity,and play a therapeutic role in CIRI through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.In summary,this article provides a review of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and its role in CIRI,as well as the research on the regulation of PI3K/Akt signaling by active ingredients in traditional Chi-nese medicine for the treatment of CIRI.The aim is to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical use of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine to alleviate CIRI damage.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is the main reason of causing lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)in middle-aged and elderly men,and LUTS can disrupt patients'sleep patterns and interfere with their daily life.With the development of aging,BPH has produced a significant impact on public health,and caused serious social problems and economic burdens.There are various technical approaches for medical devices used in treating BPH,including laser,electrosurgery,focused ultrasound,microwave,stent,and liquid jet removal system,etc.This article summarized the pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,and general overview for guidelines of diagnosis and treatment for BPH.It also reviewed the guiding principle of Food and Drug Administration(FDA)for medical devices used in treating BPH,and focused on analyzing the main contents of non-clinical study,animal study(including animal model,test method,observation time points and evaluation indicators)and clinical study(including selection for control groups,inclusion and exclusion criteria,study endpoint and study duration),so as to provide some enlightenments for the verification,validation and technical evaluation for such products.

Objective:To explore drug detoxification motivation in methamphetamine-dependent female youth and its relationship with time perspective,perceived social support and emotion regulation strategies.Methods:To-tally 200 methamphetamine-dependent female youths under compulsory isolation were assessed with the Drug De-toxification Motivation Scale,Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory-Chinese(ZTPI-C),Emotion Regulation Scale(ERS),and Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS).Results:Multiple linear regression analysis showed that drug detoxification motivation scores were positively correlated with the scores of ERS reevaluation and expression inhi-bition,PSSS family support scores and level of education(β=0.24,0.16,0.20,0.16).Conclusion:Time perspec-tive,perceived social support and emotion regulation strategies are closely related to drug detoxification motivation in methamphetamine-dependent female youth.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is the main reason of causing lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)in middle-aged and elderly men,and LUTS can disrupt patients'sleep patterns and interfere with their daily life.With the development of aging,BPH has produced a significant impact on public health,and caused serious social problems and economic burdens.There are various technical approaches for medical devices used in treating BPH,including laser,electrosurgery,focused ultrasound,microwave,stent,and liquid jet removal system,etc.This article summarized the pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,and general overview for guidelines of diagnosis and treatment for BPH.It also reviewed the guiding principle of Food and Drug Administration(FDA)for medical devices used in treating BPH,and focused on analyzing the main contents of non-clinical study,animal study(including animal model,test method,observation time points and evaluation indicators)and clinical study(including selection for control groups,inclusion and exclusion criteria,study endpoint and study duration),so as to provide some enlightenments for the verification,validation and technical evaluation for such products.

Objective:To screen and analyze the carcinogenesis-related differential expression profile of long non-coding RNAs(LncRNAs)in oral lichen planus(OLP)mucosa tissue,and preliminarily analyze their functions,to explore their possible role in the development of OLP.Methods:High-throughput sequencing technology was used to construct differential expression profile from 5 cases of erosive OLP lesions and 5 of normal oral mucosa.LncRNAs that are closely related to the carcinogenesis of OLP were ob-tained by bioinformatics analysis.Results:400 LncRNAs associated with OLP were screened,of which 250 were up-regulated and 150 were down-regulated,and 5 LncRNAs were obtained with differential expression associated with OLP carcinogenesis:LncRNA 54055,100128560,399717,378825 and 100130231.Conclusion:400 LncRNAs are differentially expressed in the mucosa of erosive OLP lesions,and 5 of them are related to the incidence and carcinogenesis tendency of OLP.

Objective:To explore drug detoxification motivation in methamphetamine-dependent female youth and its relationship with time perspective,perceived social support and emotion regulation strategies.Methods:To-tally 200 methamphetamine-dependent female youths under compulsory isolation were assessed with the Drug De-toxification Motivation Scale,Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory-Chinese(ZTPI-C),Emotion Regulation Scale(ERS),and Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS).Results:Multiple linear regression analysis showed that drug detoxification motivation scores were positively correlated with the scores of ERS reevaluation and expression inhi-bition,PSSS family support scores and level of education(β=0.24,0.16,0.20,0.16).Conclusion:Time perspec-tive,perceived social support and emotion regulation strategies are closely related to drug detoxification motivation in methamphetamine-dependent female youth.

Objective To investigate the effects of Aconite decoction （AD） on the viability and polarization of murine RAW264.7 macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS） or interleukin-4 （IL-4）. Methods Cytotoxicity of AD was assessed by the CCK-8 assay. RAW264.7 cells were polarized toward M1 phenotype by LPS or M2 phenotype by IL-4, followed by treatment with varying concentrations of AD. Macrophage polarization was analyzed by flow cytometry. Quantitative PCR was performed to measure mRNA expression of polarization-associated markers （IL-6, iNOS, Arg1, and Ym1）. ELISA was used to quantify secreted cytokines （TNF-α and IL-10）in the supernatant. Results At non-toxic concentrations, IL-6 and iNOS mRNA levels in LPS-stimulated cells were significantly upregulated while Arg1 and Ym1 expression in IL-4-treated groups were downregulated by AD. Concurrently, TNF-α secretion in LPS-induced M1 polarization was enhanced but IL-10 production in IL-4-induced M2 polarization was suppressed by AD. Conclusion AD could promote macrophage proliferation and viability, augments LPS-driven M1 polarization, and inhibit IL-4-mediated M2 polarization, which provided experimental evidence for the potential application of AD in tumor immunotherapy.