Purpose To explore the relationship between regulatory T cells(Treg cells)and natural killer(NK)cells with tumor occurrence and development in papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).Methods Hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining was performed on pathological tissue sections from patients with nodular goiter and PTC to evaluate im-mune cell infiltration.Flow cytometry was used to detect the percentage and absolute count of Treg cells and NK cells in peripheral blood from healthy controls(HCs)and PTC patients.Treg cells phenotypes(ICOS、PD-1、Lag3)and their IL-10 secretion ability were analayzed,along with functional molecules(TNF-α、IFN-γ、Granzyme B、Perforin)ex-pressed by NK cells.A cytometric bead array was used to measure serum cytokine IL-10 concentration.Changes in Treg and NK cells and their correlations were analyzed.Results Immune cell infiltration in PTC tissues is higher than in nodular goiter tissue.Compared with healthy controls,PTC patients exhibited a significant increase in the percentage[(6.86±3.10)％]and absolute count[(4.97±2.82 × 106 cells/mL)]of circulating Treg cells,with an enhanced IL-10 secretion capacity[(7.18±3.57)％],which is related to lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion.Con-versely,NK cell percentage[(16.56±8.44)％]and absolute count[(3.29±3.12 × 106 cells/mL)]were reduced,with impaired effector functions.The NK-to-Treg cell ratio(2.49±1.60)significantly declined,and a negative corre-lation was observed between the percentage of the two groups cell types(P=0.04,r=-0.625).Serum IL-10 levels in PTC patients were elevated[(1.30±1.09)pg/mL],correlating with tumor size and lymph node metastasis.After treatment with 1,25-(OH)2-D3,PTC patients showed a reduction in the percentage[(7.01±2.13)％]and absolute count(4.27±1.62 × 106 cells/mL)of circulating CD4+CD25+CD127low Treg cells,and a decrease in serum cytokine IL-10 levels[(1.27±0.09)pg/mL].Circulating NK cells percentages[(20.6±6.72)％]and absolute counts[(5.63±2.93)× 106 cells/mL]partially recovered.Conclusion PTC patients exhibit a pronounced immunosup-pressive state.Dysregulated numbers and functions of Treg and NK cells are closely associated with the occurrence,de-velopment,and prognosis of PTC,highlighting their potential importance in tumor immunotherapy.

Purpose To explore the relationship between regulatory T cells(Treg cells)and natural killer(NK)cells with tumor occurrence and development in papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).Methods Hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining was performed on pathological tissue sections from patients with nodular goiter and PTC to evaluate im-mune cell infiltration.Flow cytometry was used to detect the percentage and absolute count of Treg cells and NK cells in peripheral blood from healthy controls(HCs)and PTC patients.Treg cells phenotypes(ICOS、PD-1、Lag3)and their IL-10 secretion ability were analayzed,along with functional molecules(TNF-α、IFN-γ、Granzyme B、Perforin)ex-pressed by NK cells.A cytometric bead array was used to measure serum cytokine IL-10 concentration.Changes in Treg and NK cells and their correlations were analyzed.Results Immune cell infiltration in PTC tissues is higher than in nodular goiter tissue.Compared with healthy controls,PTC patients exhibited a significant increase in the percentage[(6.86±3.10)％]and absolute count[(4.97±2.82 × 106 cells/mL)]of circulating Treg cells,with an enhanced IL-10 secretion capacity[(7.18±3.57)％],which is related to lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion.Con-versely,NK cell percentage[(16.56±8.44)％]and absolute count[(3.29±3.12 × 106 cells/mL)]were reduced,with impaired effector functions.The NK-to-Treg cell ratio(2.49±1.60)significantly declined,and a negative corre-lation was observed between the percentage of the two groups cell types(P=0.04,r=-0.625).Serum IL-10 levels in PTC patients were elevated[(1.30±1.09)pg/mL],correlating with tumor size and lymph node metastasis.After treatment with 1,25-(OH)2-D3,PTC patients showed a reduction in the percentage[(7.01±2.13)％]and absolute count(4.27±1.62 × 106 cells/mL)of circulating CD4+CD25+CD127low Treg cells,and a decrease in serum cytokine IL-10 levels[(1.27±0.09)pg/mL].Circulating NK cells percentages[(20.6±6.72)％]and absolute counts[(5.63±2.93)× 106 cells/mL]partially recovered.Conclusion PTC patients exhibit a pronounced immunosup-pressive state.Dysregulated numbers and functions of Treg and NK cells are closely associated with the occurrence,de-velopment,and prognosis of PTC,highlighting their potential importance in tumor immunotherapy.

Objective:To explore Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 polymorphism in Han people from Hunan region and its association with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.Methods:Sanger sequence and statistical analysis were performed to identify the polymorphism of TLR2 and TLR4 genes in 347 unrelated Hunan Han subjects,including 180 healthy people (control group) and 167 patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (coronary atherosclerotic heart disease group).Results:There was no significant difference in the genotype frequency and allelic frequency for TLR2 SNP2258G＞A and TLR4 SNP896A＞G between the 2 groups (P＞0.05),while there was significant difference in the TLR4 SNP1196C＞T between the 2 groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion:TLR4 SNP 1196C ＞T polymorphism is associated with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease in Chinese Han populationin in Hunan region.

OBJECTIVE: Through the use of the categories of auditory performance (CAP-II), the speech, spatial and qualities of hearing scale-parents' version (SSQ-P), children using hearing implants quality of life (CuHI-QoL) in patients with prelingual hearing impairment to compare the rehabilitation effect between preoperative and postoperative auditory performance, speech behavior and quality of life and at the same time to figure out dose rehabilitation effect connected to age. METHOD: Mainly used classification method to compare the audotory performance, speech behavior and quality of life of 50 patients before and after 2.5 years after the implantation. At the same time these 50 patients are divided on the basis of the age received the surgery, A group received the surgery before 6(1.0-5.9) years old and group B received the therapy after this age (6.0-10.9). Their auditory performance, speech behavior and quality of life were all evaluated. RESULT: There were statistical difference between two kinds of classification method of CAP-II. In the study of SSQ-P and CuHI-QoL, there was no statistical difference in well-being and happiness before and 3 years after the implant, also there was no statistical difference in parental stress between two age groups. In addition to the above two, the rest all have statistical significance. CONCLUSION After the implant, postoperative auditory performance, speech behavior and quality of life all had improved and the smaller the age, the better the performance.
Age Factors ; Child ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Deafness ; therapy ; Hearing ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Quality of Life ; Speech

OBJECTIVE To study the causes of recurrence and treatment methods in patients with recurrent sinonasal melanoma. METHODS From 1993 to 2003, a retrospective analysis of consecutive 11 cases with recurrent sinonasal melanoma was conducted. RESULTS Four out of the 11 cases with recurrent sinonasal melanoma were caused by misdiagnosis, while the other 7 cases recurred after operation with pathological diagnosis. Among the 7 cases, 5 were found recurrences after operation alone, and the other 2 after the operation and radiation therapy. The recurrence lesions located in nasal and paranasal sinus in 7 cases, in orbit, skull base, soft and hard palate in 1 case, in parotid gland and skin in 1 case. In face, orbit and extended skull base in 1 case. Cervical lymph node recurrence developed in 1 patient. The time of first relapse was 10 months after therapy. The 1-, 2-and 3-year survival rates after reoperation were 72.7 %, 18.2 % and 9.1 % respectively. CONCLUSION The reasonable treatment and decrease the misdignosis are the main measures to improve the cure rate of recurrent sinonasal melanoma.