Bruch's membrane opening(BMO)is the true anatomical border of the optic nerve head and provides higher anatomical accuracy, structural stability and measurement repeatability than traditional assessments based on the clinically visible optic disc margin. Optical coherence tomography(OCT)serves as a key technical tool for quantitative assessment of BMO-associated structural parameters. With the development of spectral-domain OCT(SD-OCT)and swept-source OCT(SS-OCT), parameters such as BMO-minimum rim width(BMO-MRW), BMO-minimum rim area(BMO-MRA), BMO area, offset, tilt, and torsion have emerged as important imaging biomarkers for evaluating optic nerve head morphology and for assisting in the diagnosis, staging, and longitudinal monitoring of glaucoma, myopia, and pathological myopia. Traditionally, the acquisition of these parameters has relied heavily on manual segmentation, which is limited by low efficiency, strong subjectivity, and considerable inter-observer variability. In recent years, artificial intelligence has been increasingly applied to OCT image segmentation, quality control, cross-device calibration, and automated quantitative analysis, thereby improving efficiency, objectivity, and reproducibility, particularly in eyes with complex optic disc morphology. This review summarizes recent advances in the BMO-related terminology standardization, imaging and quantitative methodologies, quality control,artificial intelligence-assisted analysis, as well as clinical evidence of its application in glaucoma, myopia and pathological myopia. Particular emphasis is placed on their potential value in the differential diagnosis and follow-up evaluation of highly myopic eyes with glaucoma, aiming to provide a reference for the standardized clinical application and future translational use of BMO-related parameters.

Objective To explore the current situation and influencing factors of post-intensive care syndrome(PICS)in critically ill patients a month after their transfer out,and to provide a basis for formulating individualized intervention measures.Methods By the convenience sampling method,550 patients who were transferred out of the ICU of a tertiary A hospital in Guizhou Province for a month from April to November 2024 were selected as the survey subjects.The general information of the patients was collected and sorted out.During their stay in the ICU,the Barthel Index,the Richards Campbell Sleep Scale,and the Perceived Social Support Scale were employed for evaluation.A month after the patients were transferred out of the ICU,the assessment was completed through telephone follow-up using the Chinese version of the Brain Care Monitoring Questionnaire for Healthy Aging.According to the assessment a month after the patients were transferred out,they were divided into a PICS group and a non-PICS group.Univariate analysis and binary Logistic regression analysis were completed based on the data of the 2 groups.Results A total of 550 questionnaires were distributed,and 442 valid questionnaires were ultimately collected,with a valid questionnaire collection rate of 80.3％.Among them,194 cases(43.9％)were high-risk patients with PICS.Binary logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age,pulmonary infection,total hospitalization time＞15 days,and internal environment disorder were the risk factors for PICS in ICU patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion The risk of PICS is relatively high in critically ill patients a month after the transfer.Medical staff need to pay attention to patients who are older,have pulmonary infections and internal environment disorders,and formulate personalized intervention measures for different disease types to improve the long-term health prognosis of patients.

Pediatric urological non-Hodgkin lymphoma is relatively rare.When a single renal or ureteral tumor with multiple lymph node or bone metastases is present, it is very easy to be misdiagnosed as urinary tumor with metastasis, resulting in unnecessary radical nephrectomy. This paper reports two cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma presenting with single urinary nodules. Case 1 was diagnosed with a 4.5cm tumor in the right kidney due to fever and fatigue. CT and PET-CT showed multiple bone destruction and lymph node metastasis. Renal biopsy was performed and ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma was diagnosed. Chemotherapy was effective for 6 months. Case 2 was diagnosed with left hydronephrosis due to intermittent low back pain for 2 weeks. Ultrasound examination revealed ureteral dilation with left hydronephrosis and low echo occupying of the lower ureter. The patient had sudden blurred vision before surgery. MRI examination revealed space occupying in the right optic nerve frame, and PET-CT found multiple bone, lymph nodes and nerve invasion. A lymph node biopsy was performed and Burkitt lymphoma was diagnosed. After 6 months of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the tumor shrank significantly.

Objective:To preliminarily establish a valuable threshold for the college students’ psychological Suzhi questionnaire simplified version (CSPSz-SV) by means of the latent profile analysis and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve.Methods:The CSPSz-SV was applied to investigate 1 870 college freshmen from undergraduate colleges. The identification threshold value of the CSPSz-SV was identified by combining latent profile analysis (LPA) and the ROC curve.Both Mplus 8.3 and R 4.3.1 software were used for the data analysis.Results:Based on LPA results, the college freshmen were divided into three categories according to the levels of psychological Suzhi: the low psychological Suzhi group, the medium psychological Suzhi group, and the high psychological Suzhi group.Following the LPA, the ROC analysis was conducted to obtain the optimal critical value (91) of the psychological Suzhi level for college freshmen (Youden's index was 0.934, sensitivity was 0.979, specificity was 0.955, positive predictive value was 0.855, negative predictive value was 0.994, accuracy was 0.960, and AUC was 0.991, respectively). College freshmen were divided into the abnormal psychological Suzhi group and the normal psychological Suzhi group in accordance with this critical value, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (Cohen's d=1.74-2.18, P<0.001). Conclusion:The threshold value established and obtained in this study can be reviewed as a reference for evaluating the psychological Suzhi level of college freshmen.

Pediatric urological non-Hodgkin lymphoma is relatively rare.When a single renal or ureteral tumor with multiple lymph node or bone metastases is present, it is very easy to be misdiagnosed as urinary tumor with metastasis, resulting in unnecessary radical nephrectomy. This paper reports two cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma presenting with single urinary nodules. Case 1 was diagnosed with a 4.5cm tumor in the right kidney due to fever and fatigue. CT and PET-CT showed multiple bone destruction and lymph node metastasis. Renal biopsy was performed and ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma was diagnosed. Chemotherapy was effective for 6 months. Case 2 was diagnosed with left hydronephrosis due to intermittent low back pain for 2 weeks. Ultrasound examination revealed ureteral dilation with left hydronephrosis and low echo occupying of the lower ureter. The patient had sudden blurred vision before surgery. MRI examination revealed space occupying in the right optic nerve frame, and PET-CT found multiple bone, lymph nodes and nerve invasion. A lymph node biopsy was performed and Burkitt lymphoma was diagnosed. After 6 months of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the tumor shrank significantly.

A method was developed for determination of dilauryl thiodipropionate(DLTDP)in fried foods by coupling solid-phase extraction(SPE)pretreatment with reverse-phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(RPLC-MS/MS)detection.Samples were extracted with n-hexane as the solvent,purified using a neutral alumina SPE cartridge,and finally analyzed by RPLC-MS/MS.Quantitative analysis was performed using matrix-matched calibration curves combined with an external standard method under optimal experimental conditions.The results showed that DLTDP exhibited good linearity in the range of 2.0-50.0 μg/L,with a correlation coefficient(R2)≥0.999.The limit of detection(LOD)and the limit of quantification(LOQ)of the method were 0.15 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg,respectively.The mean recoveries at three fortification levels(0.5,1.0,and 200 mg/kg)in different samples ranged from 84.8%to 96.8%,with the relative standard deviations(RSDs)all less than 8.0%.The developed method was highly sensitive,accurate and reliable,and easy to operate,making it well suited for the routine quantitative analysis of DLTDP in fried foods.

Objective To explore the current situation and influencing factors of post-intensive care syndrome(PICS)in critically ill patients a month after their transfer out,and to provide a basis for formulating individualized intervention measures.Methods By the convenience sampling method,550 patients who were transferred out of the ICU of a tertiary A hospital in Guizhou Province for a month from April to November 2024 were selected as the survey subjects.The general information of the patients was collected and sorted out.During their stay in the ICU,the Barthel Index,the Richards Campbell Sleep Scale,and the Perceived Social Support Scale were employed for evaluation.A month after the patients were transferred out of the ICU,the assessment was completed through telephone follow-up using the Chinese version of the Brain Care Monitoring Questionnaire for Healthy Aging.According to the assessment a month after the patients were transferred out,they were divided into a PICS group and a non-PICS group.Univariate analysis and binary Logistic regression analysis were completed based on the data of the 2 groups.Results A total of 550 questionnaires were distributed,and 442 valid questionnaires were ultimately collected,with a valid questionnaire collection rate of 80.3％.Among them,194 cases(43.9％)were high-risk patients with PICS.Binary logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age,pulmonary infection,total hospitalization time＞15 days,and internal environment disorder were the risk factors for PICS in ICU patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion The risk of PICS is relatively high in critically ill patients a month after the transfer.Medical staff need to pay attention to patients who are older,have pulmonary infections and internal environment disorders,and formulate personalized intervention measures for different disease types to improve the long-term health prognosis of patients.

Objective To establish an HPLC method to determine the concentration of inositol nicotinate（IN） in rat skin, and study the pharmacokinetic characteristics of IN after transdermal administration of heparin sodium inositol nicotinate cream in rats. Methods HPLC method was used to establish a simple and rapid analytical method for the determination of IN concentration in the skin of rats at different time points after administration. The established method was used to study the pharmacokinetics of IN after transdermal administration of heparin sodium inositol nicotinate cream in rats, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were fitted with DAS software. Results The linearity of the analytical method was good in the concentration range of 0.25-20 μg/ml, the quantitative limit was 0.25 μg/ml, and the average recovery rate was 96.18%. The pharmacokinetic parameters of IN after transdermal administration of heparin sodium inositol nicotinate cream in rats were as follows: t_1/2 was （4.555±2.054） h, T_max was （6±0）h, C_max was （16.929±2.153）mg/L, AUC_0−t was （150.665±16.568） mg·h /L ,AUC_0−∞ was （161.074±23.917） mg·h /L, MRT_（0−t） was （9.044±0.618）h, MRT_{（0−∞）} was （10.444±1.91） h, CLz/F was （0.19±0.03） L/（h·kg）, and Vz/F was （1.19±0.437） L/（h·kg）. Conclusion IN could quickly penetrate the skin and accumulate in the skin for a long time, which was beneficial to the pharmacological action of drugs on the lesion site for a long time. The method is simple, rapid, specific and reproducible, which could be successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of IN after transdermal administration in rats.

Objective:To preliminarily establish a valuable threshold for the college students’ psychological Suzhi questionnaire simplified version (CSPSz-SV) by means of the latent profile analysis and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve.Methods:The CSPSz-SV was applied to investigate 1 870 college freshmen from undergraduate colleges. The identification threshold value of the CSPSz-SV was identified by combining latent profile analysis (LPA) and the ROC curve.Both Mplus 8.3 and R 4.3.1 software were used for the data analysis.Results:Based on LPA results, the college freshmen were divided into three categories according to the levels of psychological Suzhi: the low psychological Suzhi group, the medium psychological Suzhi group, and the high psychological Suzhi group.Following the LPA, the ROC analysis was conducted to obtain the optimal critical value (91) of the psychological Suzhi level for college freshmen (Youden's index was 0.934, sensitivity was 0.979, specificity was 0.955, positive predictive value was 0.855, negative predictive value was 0.994, accuracy was 0.960, and AUC was 0.991, respectively). College freshmen were divided into the abnormal psychological Suzhi group and the normal psychological Suzhi group in accordance with this critical value, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (Cohen's d=1.74-2.18, P<0.001). Conclusion:The threshold value established and obtained in this study can be reviewed as a reference for evaluating the psychological Suzhi level of college freshmen.

Objective To explore the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by examining the effects of dihydroartemisinin(DHA)on cognitive behavior,hippocampal,cerebral cortex and retinal cell morphology,β-amyloid(Aβ)and autophagy-related proteins in 5×FAD mice.Methods Twenty 5×FAD mice and 5 wild type(WT)mice were selected,all of which were female.The 5×FAD mice were randomly divided into model(M)group,donepezil(D)group,low-dose DHA(DHA-L)group,and high-dose DHA(DHA-H)group.The WT and M groups were not treated,and the D group was given donepezil 0.1 mg/kg per day.DHA-L group and DHA-H group were given 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg DHA per day,respectively.Group D,group DHA-L and group DHA-H were given intragastric administration once a day for 3 months.The changes of in cognitive behavior were measured by Morris experiment.HE staining was used to observe the arrangement and morphology of nerve cells in cerebral cortex,hippocampus and retina.The expressions of Aβ protein in cerebral cortex,hippocampus and retina were detected by immunohistochemistry.Western blotting detected the expression of autophagy related proteins(LC3-Ⅰ,LC3-Ⅱ,Beclin-1,P62,β-actin).Results The DHA-H group and the D group exhibited more frequent adoption of both linear and trending exploration routes.Compared to the model group,significant differences in the contents of Aβ in the hippocampal CA1,cerebral cortex S1,and retinal were observed(P＜0.0001)in the other four groups.The analysis also showed significant differences in autophagy-associated proteins between the DHA-L,DHA-H,and model groups(P＜0.01).Conclusion DHA improves cognitive function and increases the number of nerve cells in mice.It also reduces Aβ content in the cerebral cortex,hippocampus,and retina,along with improving autophagy-associated protein deposition in mice.