AIM:To investigate the relationship between the number of dopaminergic neurons and the locomo-tor behavior of animals,and to provide a reference basis for the modeling of mice with different stages of Parkinson disease(PD)and different types of locomotor deficits based on 6-hydroxydopamine(6-OHDA)injection.METHODS:We in-duced lesions in the substantia nigra pars compacta(SNc)by administering various doses of 6-OHDA(3 g/L,6 g/L,and 12 g/L)to create PD mouse models with differing degrees of injury,thereby mimicking the various stages of PD progression observed in patients(early,moderate and advanced stages).On the 14th day post-surgery,we evaluated the behavioral deficits of the mouse models using the rotarod test,pole test,beam traversal test,open field test,and gait analysis.Fur-thermore,the quantification of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)-positive neurons within the SNc and TH-stained dopaminergic terminals in the corpus striatum caudate-putamen(CPu)was conducted utilizing immunofluorescence staining techniques to assess brain tissue damage.RESULTS:Compared to the control group,the number of dopaminergic neurons in the SNc was significantly reduced in both the high-dose group(P<0.05)and the medium-dose group(P<0.05)following 6-OHDA injection,demonstrating a dose-dependent effect(Spearman correlation,P<0.01).Similarly,the dopaminergic terminals in the CPu were significantly diminished in the high-dose group(P<0.01)and the medium-dose group(P<0.05).Behavioral tests revealed that mice in the high-dose group exhibited severe impairments in motor coordination and hindlimb balance,as evidenced by reduced rotarod test times,gait abnormalities,and asymmetrical forelimb use in the cylinder test.In contrast,mice in the medium-and low-dose groups displayed only mild declines in limb coordination,while their autonomous motor abilities and gait indices remained largely unaffected.CONCLUSION:The results reveal a dose-dependent effect on dopamine neuron damage,with higher doses causing the severest damage.Unexpectedly,signifi-cant locomotion impairments were only manifested in the high-dose group.This suggests that a mouse model induced by higher 6-OHDA dose is effective for studying PD and associated dyskinesia.Conversely,animal models with low to medi-um doses can be useful for exploring the early stages of PD locomotion symptoms.

Objective : To investigate the clinical efficacy of clear aligner therapy combined with orthognathic surgery in the treatment of skeletal Class Ⅲ mandible deviation. Methods : A case of mandibular lateral deviation treated by combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery was reported and analyzed in combination with the related literature. Clear aligner therapy was chosen for orthodontic treatment, and bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy and genioplasty were adopted to address the skeletal deformity. Results: Eight intermaxillary fixation screws were inserted during surgery to fix the splint, and settling elastics were run to achieve better occlusion postsurgery. With good compliance of the patient, treatment was completed by the first set of aligners, Class I canine and molar relationships were obtained, normal overbite and overjet were achieved, and mandibular deviation was addressed. The stability was good 1 year after treatment. The results of the literature review showed that clear aligner therapy in conjunction with orthognathic surgery has been widely used, but there are still some challenges in front. Compared with traditional orthodontics, the digital features of clear aligner therapy makes it fit more closely with computer-aided surgery, and there is more space for exploration. Conclusion For patients with good compliance, clear aligner therapy combined with orthognathic surgery can effectively complete the treatment of simple cases. The advantage of digital design equips clear aligner therapy with good prospects for development.

Objective:To investigate the current situation of supportive care needs for patients with glioma after surgery and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 168 postoperative patients with glioblastoma admitted to Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University from January to May 2022 were selected as the research objects. The general information questionnaire, Supportive Care Need Survey-34-item Short Form (SCNS-SF34), M.D.Anderson Symptom Inventory Brain Tumor Module (MDASI-BT) and Cancer Fatigue Scale (CFS) were used to investigate them. The multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of supportive care needs in patients with glioma after surgery.Results:The score for supportive care needs in 168 postoperative patients with glioblastoma was (71.68±25.28). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that place of residence, occupational status, degree of symptom distress and fatigue degree were the influencing factors for supportive care needs of glioma patients after surgery ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Patients with glioma after surgery have unmet supportive care needs, which are influenced by their place of residence, work status, disease symptoms and fatigue levels. Medical staff provide personalized guidance to postoperative patients to help them cope with postoperative symptoms, reduce fatigue levels and meet their supportive care needs.

Objective:To explore the clinical application and effects of three-step swallowing rehabilitation in nursing of patients with dysphagia after surgery for basicranial tumor.Methods:From September 2020 to January 2021, totally 79 patients with dysphagia who underwent surgery for basicranial tumor at Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University were selected by convenient sampling and divided into an observation group ( n=39) and a control group ( n=40) according to the random number table. Patients in the control group received routine care, while patients in the observation group underwent three-step swallowing rehabilitation on this basis. The recovery of swallowing function, anxiety, gastric tube indwelling and discharge rate were compared between the two groups before intervention and 7 days after intervention. Results:After intervention, the water swallow test results in the two groups were significantly different from those before intervention ( P<0.05) ; there was a statistically significant difference between the observation group and the control group in the water swallow test results ( P<0.05) ; the total effective rate of swallowing function recovery in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) ; the indwelling time of gastric tube in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The implementation three-step swallowing rehabilitation can effectively ameliorate the dysphagia, shorten the indwelling time of gastric tube, and reduce the anxiety of patients after surgery for basicranial tumor.

This article analyzes the health-seeking behavior and its influencing factors of children with brain tumors in order to understand the behavioral characteristics and laws during health-seeking. At the same time, this article analyzes the correlation between treatment timeliness and prognosis, and proposes corresponding strategies to improve treatment timeliness. This article aims at providing ideas and references for relevant departments to formulate prevention and control policies, rationally allocate medical and health resources.

Objective:To explore the effect of transitional care based on physicians and nurses cooperation platform on the quality of life of postoperative patients with craniopharyngioma.Methods:From January 2017 to December 2018, we selected 140 postoperative patients with craniopharyngioma in Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, as research objects by convenience sampling. According to the random number table, patients were divided into experimental group ( n=70) and control group ( n=70) . Patients in control group were treated with routine nursing, and patients in experimental group were given transitional care based on the physicians and nurses cooperation platform on the basis of routine nursing. The intervention effect was evaluated with the Chinese Quality of Life Instruments for Cancer Patients-Head and Neck Cancer (QLICP-HN) , the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) . Results:Finally, 63 patients in the control group and 70 patients in the experimental group completed the study.Three months after discharge, the total score of QLICP-HN of experimental group was higher than that of control group with a statistical difference ( P<0.05) . One and three months after discharge, scores of SAS and SDS of experimental group were lower than those of control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01) . Conclusions:Transitional care based on physicians and nurses cooperation platform can improve the quality of life, anxiety and depression of postoperative patients with craniopharyngioma.

Objective:To summarize the nursing and treatment experience of patients with Chiari malformation type I (CMI) and syringomyelia (SM) complicated with central sleep apnea syndrome (CSAS) .Methods:A retrospective analysis was used to the clinical data of 23 patients with CMI and SM complicated with CSAS in the Department of Neurosurgery of Beijing Tiantan Hospital from January 2016 to December 2018. All patients underwent surgical treatment under general anesthesia, and were given preoperative and postoperative nursing care.Results:The clinical symptoms and manifestations of 23 CSAS patients improved after operation, and there were no adverse and serious postoperative complications. There were 5 severe CSAS patients who improved significantly at 3 months after surgery, reduced or stopped ventilator assistance according to their physical condition.Conclusions:Surgical treatment for CMI and SM complicated with CSAS is effective, fine and personalized preoperative and postoperative nursing care provides a guarantee for improving the success rate of patients' surgery and improving the prognosis.

Objective? To explore the incidence of subsyndromal delirium (SSD) in ICU patients after surgery for craniocerebral tumor and its influencing factors. Methods? Totally 100 patients admitted in the General Intensive Care Unit of a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital in Beijing between January and December 2018 were selected. Confusion Assessment Model for Intensive Unit (CAM-ICU) was used to assess the incidence of SSD in these patients on a daily basis. Their clinical data, including general information, vision and listening, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Scoring System (APACHEⅡ) scores, mechanical ventilation, restraints, oxygenation index, albumin, hemoglobin, Na+, Cl-, K+ and Ca2+ values until they were transferred out of ICU. Univariate analysis was employed to screen the possible risk factors, and unconditional Logistic stepwise regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors of SSD in ICU patients. Results? The incidence rate of SSD in the 100 ICU patients after surgery for craniocerebral tumor was 40%(40/100), and 55.0%(22/40) of the patients sustained SSD since day 1-3 after admission into ICU. The average frequency of incidence was 2.08 times, and it lasted (30.80±10.11) h. Logistic regression analysis revealed that infection, pain, APACHE II scores were the independent predictive factors for SSD in ICU patients after surgery for craniocerebral tumor (P＜0.05). Conclusions? The incidence rate of SSD in ICU patients after surgery for craniocerebral tumor is high, and infection, pain and high APACHE Ⅱ scores are likely to lead to SSD.

Objective? To investigate the illness uncertainty and coping style among parents of brain tumor children and to explore the correlations between them. Methods? From November 2018 to April 2019, we selected 208 parents of brain tumor children in Children's Ward at Beijing Tiantan Hospital by convenience sampling with the method of survey by questionnaire. The Parents' Perception Uncertainty in Illness Scale (PPUS) and the Coping Health Inventory for Parents (CHIP) were used to investigate the illness uncertainty and coping style of parents of brain tumor children. Results? Among those parents of brain tumor children, the score of illness uncertainty was (84.57±16.16) in a middle level. The score of coping style was (3.71±0.45). The illness uncertainty of children's parents had a negative correlation with the coping style with a statistical difference (r=-0.289, P＜0.001). Conclusions? Increasing information support in diagnosis and treatment, prognosis and care of diseases,and promoting effective and positive coping style can decrease the illness uncertainty parents of brain tumor children.

Objective? To explore the effects of chewing gum on recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients with intraspinal tumors after surgery. Methods? Totally 214 patients with intraspinal tumors treated in the Neurosurgical Ward of Spinal Cord and Spine of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University from May 2018 to May 2019 were selected and divided into control (n=107) and observation (n=107) groups. Patients in the control group received conventional anti-constipation care, including postoperative dietary guidance, abdominal massage guidance and rehabilitation training, while patients in the observation group chewed 2 pieces of gum four times a day, each time for 10-15 min after awaking from anesthesia on the basis of conventional nursing care. Both groups received interventions for 7 d. The incidence of constipation and abdominal distension, time of first defecation and oral comfort scores after 7 d postoperatively. Results? The incidence rate of constipation and abdominal distension was 7.48% and 15.89% in the observation group, lower than 25.23% and 37.38% in the control group, and there were statistically significant differences between the two groups (χ2=12.331, 12.650; P＜0.05). The time of first defecation was (19.22±5.64) h in the observation group, earlier than (27.08±6.61) in the control group, and there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (t=-9.366,P＜ 0.05). The oral comfort score after 7 d postoperatively was (8.59±1.13) in the observation group, higher than (5.12±2.66) in the control group, and there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (t=-12.420,P＜0.05). Conclusions? Chewing gum can accelerate the recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients with intraspinal tumors after surgery and improve their oral comfort.