BACKGROUND:Apoptosis plays an important role in secondary brain injury.Therefore,to explore the pathophysiological mechanism of promoting nerve cell survival after traumatic brain injury provides a new direction and theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of traumatic brain injury. OBJECTIVE:To explore the expression changes of Lnx1 molecule in mammalian cortical neurons after brain injury and the possible mechanism involved in secondary brain injury. METHODS:Eighty adult SD rats were divided into 20 male and 20 female mice in sham operation group and 20 male and 20 female mice in traumatic brain injury group.The traumatic brain injury rat model was established by heavy falling method.At 6,12,24,48,and 72 hours after brain injury,the expression of related molecules in damaged cortical neurons was analyzed by RT-qPCR,western blot assay,and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The brain tissue of traumatic brain injury group was bleeding and obvious tissue injury could be observed.Water content of brain tissue increased after traumatic brain injury.(2)Compared with the sham operation group,the expression of Lnx1 in cortical neurons after traumatic brain injury increased significantly at 24 hours after injury.(3)After traumatic brain injury,the expression of PBK and BCR protein decreased,and the pro-survival factor ctgf increased.(4)These findings suggest that after traumatic brain injury,the expression of Lnx1 is up-regulated in neurons,which may be due to the decrease of the expression of its target molecules PBK and BCR,and further promote the expression of living factor ctgf,which has a protective effect on the damaged neurons.

ObjectiveTo establish background data for a 90-day feeding trial of SD rats to ensure the reliability of research data. MethodsBackground data from six independent 90-day feeding trials of SD rats conducted by the National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs from 2020 to 2023 were summarized. These studies involved a blank control group of 120 SPF-grade 4-week-old SD rats, with an equal number of males and females, which were only given standard full-nutrient pelleted rat feed. After the quarantine period, the animals were observed for an additional 90 days, followed by intraperitoneal injection of Zoletil (50 mg/mL) for anesthesia, blood sampling, euthanasia, and necropsy. By analyzing the data from the blank control group, a relevant background database for SD rats was established. ResultsBoth male and female rats exhibited steady weight gain, with a more pronounced increase in male rats. Within 90 days, the average body weight of male and female rats increased to over 500 g and 300 g, respectively. Three weeks later, the average daily food intake of male rats stabilized at approximately 25~28 g per rat, while that of female rats remained stable at approximately 16~19 g per rat. The food utilization rate of all animals gradually decreased from the first week of the experiment. In the white blood cell (WBC) differential count results, significant differences were observed in the counts of WBCs, neutrophils (Neut), lymphocytes (Lymph), and monocytes (Mono) between males and females (P<0.001). However, there were no significant differences in the percentages of neutrophil (%Neut), lymphocyte (%Lymph), and monocyte (%Mono) between the sexes (P>0.05). The average red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), platelet count (PLT), prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were higher in male animals than in female animals (P<0.05). The average values of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine phosphokinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose (GLU), and triglyceride (TG) in male rats were higher than those in female rats (P<0.05). The urinary pH range for male animals was 5.0 to 8.5, while for female animals it was 6.5 to 9.0. The majority of male animals had a urinary specific gravity lower than 1.020, and the majority of female animals had a urinary specific gravity lower than 1.015. The weights of various organs (excluding the adrenal glands and reproductive organs) in male animals were heavier than those in female animals (P<0.001), while the organ/body weight ratios (excluding the kidneys and reproductive organs) of female animals were higher than those of male animals (P<0.001). ConclusionThis study summarizes the background reference ranges for body weight, food intake, hematology, and serum biochemistry indicators in SPF-grade SD rats in the untreated control group from six 90-day feeding trials conducted by the National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs. It provides important reference data for related research. By summarizing the background and spontaneous histopathological changes in rats, this study aids in the standardization and normalization of subsequent research, as well as in the evaluation and analysis of abnormal results.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of the autoregressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA) in analyzing foodborne diseases in Hubei Province and predicting the future trend of foodborne diseases in Hubei Province. Methods Based on the number of reported cases of foodborne diseases in Hubei Province for eight consecutive years (2014-2021), an ARIMA model was constructed using Python software to fit the data. The model was validated and parameters were optimized with data from January 2022 to December 2022. The optimal fitting model was used to predict the incidence and trends of foodborne diseases in 2023. Results The incidence of foodborne diseases in Hubei Province showed seasonal periodicity, and the peak of epidemic was usually in July every year. SARIMA (0,1,0) (2,2,1)₁₂ was determined as the best fitting model. The model extrapolation effect was verified with 2022 data, and MAPE was 23.90 %, indicating that the model extrapolation effect was effective. Conclusion The SARIMA model is effective for short-term prediction of foodborne disease incidence trends in Hubei Province, and can provide a scientific basis for the formulation of foodborne disease prevention and control policies in the coming year.

Objective To investigate the current situation of Staphylococcus aureus contamination in raw and cooked meat and dairy products in Wuhan, and analyze the enterotoxins production and antimicrobial resistance of isolated bacterial strains. Methods The detection of Staphylococcus aureus was performed according to GB4789.10-2016 National Food Safety Standard. Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin (SE) PCR kit and ELISA were used for SEA-E type detection. Broth dilution and PCR method were used for drug sensitivity test. Results A total of 13 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from 202 samples, and the isolation rate of Staphylococcus aureus in the raw and cooked meat and dairy products was 6.43%. The detection rate of Staphylococcus aureus was 9.82% (11/112) in raw meat, and 4% (2/50) in cooked meat products. There was no detection in dairy products. Of the 13 isolated strains, 6 strains were found to have enterotoxins, with a toxin production rate of 46.15% (6/13). Among the 6 strains of enterotoxin producing Staphylococcus aureus, 4 strains were classified as type A, C, D, and AB, respectively. The isolated strains were generally resistant to tetracycline and sulfonamide drugs, and the detection rate of resistant genes was more than 60%. The resistance rate to penicillin and erythromycin exceeded 50%, and the dominant resistance spectrum was the detection of 3 strains of single-resistant (PEN) Staphylococcus aureus (25.08%, 3/13), followed by 2 strains of five-fold resistance (PEN-ERY-CLI-SXT-GEN), and double resistance Staphylococcus aureus (PEN-ERY) (15.38%, 2/13). Genetic testing was consistent with phenotypic testing. Conclusion In 2020, there was a certain degree of contamination of Staphylococcus aureus in raw and cooked meat products in Wuhan, with 13 isolated strains and 6 strains producing enterotoxins. It is necessary to remain vigilant about the potential food risks of raw and cooked meat products, and strengthen the supervision of the safety risks of raw and cooked meat products.

Objective:To investigate the role of HMGB1-TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in-jury and the effect of adenosine preconditioning on the signaling pathway.Methods:Total 80 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 220～270 g were selected from the Animal Center of Xinxiang Medical University.The rats were randomly divided into F group(sham operation group),I/R group(ischemia reperfusion group)and AP group(adenosine preconditioning group).The MCAO model of rats was established by wire embolization.Quantitative analysis of neural function in successfully modeled rats using animal behavior scor-ing method,the morphological changes of brain cells were observed by HE staining,TTC staining was used to observe cerebral infarc-tion and cerebral infarction volume was calculated;Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect HMGB1,TLR4 and NF-κB pro-tein expression levels in brain tissues of each group.The data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA in SPSS26.0 software.Results:After ischemia reperfusion,the neurological function of I/R group and AP group showed different degrees of impairment,and the neurological function scores of the two groups were significantly higher than that of F group,the difference was statistically signifi-cant(P<0.05),and the neurological function of the AP group was significantly less than that of I/R group,the difference was also sta-tistically significant(P<0.05).TTC staining showed that AP group,I/R group rat cerebral infarction volume was significantly more than F group[(93.670±4.509)mm3,(123.670±7.234)mm3 vs(0.000±0.000)mm3],and AP group rats infarction volume was signifi-cantly reduced than that in I/R group,the difference had statistical significance(P<0.05).Immunohistochemistry showed that HMGB1,TLR4,NF-κB protein in F group with a small amount of expressions in rats,while significantly expressed in AP group and I/R group relatively,and the AP group of each subgroup rat HMGB1,TLR4,NF-κB protein expressions significantly lower than the amount of I/R group,the difference had statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion:Adenosine preconditioning can reduce the expressions of HMGB1,TLR4 and NF-κB protein,and then protect the rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

By analyzing the design principles and treatment modes of Gambro Prismaflex CRRT device,based on the basic structure and treatment process,and the typical failure cases of pressure joints and scale zeroing test failures in continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT)equipment were analyzed,the targeted solution and maintenance strategies were proposed to ensure the stable and efficient operation of CRRT equipment.

Objective:To assess the predictive value of aspartate aminotransferase-to-alanine amino-transferase ratio (DRR) on overall survival of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) who underwent radical pancreaticoduodenectomy.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 137 patients who underwent radical pancreaticoduodenectomy and were diagnosed with PDAC postoperatively at the Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2015 to December 2020. There were 97 male and 40 female patients, with an average age of (58±10) years old. The patients were grouped according to the optimal survival risk cutoff value of DRR, and the differences in key clinical and pathological indicators between the groups were compared. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, and log-rank test was used for comparison of survival rates. Multivariate Cox analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic factors affecting survival.Results:The 137 PDAC patients were divided into two groups based on the optimal cutoff value of DRR, namely 1.1: DRR≥1.1 was defined as the high-DRR group ( n=29), and DRR<1.1 was defined as the low-DRR group ( n=108). The cumulative survival rate of the low-DRR group was better than that of the high-DRR group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.003). The results of the multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that DRR≥1.1 ( HR=2.485, 95% CI: 1.449-4.261, P=0.001), preoperative biliary drainage ( HR=1.845, 95% CI: 1.030-3.306, P=0.039), lymph node metastasis N2 stage ( HR=2.240, 95% CI: 1.123-4.470, P=0.022), high tumor differentiation ( HR=2.001, 95% CI: 1.279-3.129, P=0.002), and intravascular cancer emboli ( HR=2.240, 95% CI: 1.123-4.470, P=0.022) were risk factors for poor overall survival in PDAC patients who underwent radical pancreaticoduodenectomy. Conclusion:DRR has predictive value for overall survival after surgery in PDAC patients undergoing radical pancreatoduodenectomy. A DRR of 1.1 or greater is a risk factor for poor overall survival after surgery in PDAC patients.

ObjectiveTo analyze the relationship of the static single-leg stance balance with ankle muscles strength and position sense in individuals with functional ankle instability (FAI). MethodsFrom March to May, 2023, 44 FAI individuals were recruited in Hebei Normal University, and the maximum isokinetic muscle strength (60°/s and 180°/s) and position sense as ankle flexion, extension, inversion and eversion were measured using isokinetic dynamometer; while the center of pressure (COP) sway distance and envelope area were measured as static single-leg stance with eyes open or closed using three-dimensional force plate. ResultsThe maximum isokinetic torque as ankle eversion at 180°/s correlated with the COP anterior-posterior sway distance with eyes closed (r = -0.378, P < 0.05). ConclusionExplosive ankle eversion strength is related with the balance in static single-leg stance, which may help to evaluate and intervent the ankle function of FAI individuals.

Alzheimer's disease(AD),the most common progressive neurodegenerative disease in dementia,is also a special lipid disease.From the perspective of modern medicine,cholesterol homeostasis is an important risk factor for AD.Amyloid-beta plaque deposition,neurofibrillary tangles,and large amount of lipid granule accumulation are typical pathological features of AD.From the perspective of TCM,turbidity is the key to the pathogenesis of AD.Phlegm turbid,stasis turbid and turbid toxin are the concrete derivation of turbidity,which are the standard of AD.Cholesterol is the greasy lipid which is produced from of the essence of water and food,the disturbance of cholesterol homeostasis is a typical embodiment of the pathogenesis mechanism of endogenous turbidity.Regulating cholesterol homeostasis by traditional Chinese medicine may be a new direction for the treatment of AD in the future.Focusing on the modern research of cholesterol homeostasis,taking the theory of turbidity as the starting point,this paper analyzed the correlation between the connotation of turbidity theory and the imbalance of cholesterol homeostasis as well as the pathogenesis mechanism,and further elucidated the clinical application results in the treatment of AD from the aspects of phlegm turbid,stasis turbid and turbid toxin,so as to better guide clinical practice and scientific research.

Objective:To explore the prognosis efficacy of psycho-cardiological therapy and management on patients with coronary atherosclerosis disease (CAD).Methods:This was a clinical randomized controlled study. This study included inpatients with CAD at the cardiology department in Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University from August 2021 to January 2024. The patients enrolled in this study were asked for basic information, and received measurements for depression, anxiety, sleep quality and living quality by the scales of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), General Anxiety Disorder scale-7 (GAD-7), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level (EQ-5D-5L) respectively. The patients were randomly grouped into a regular treatment group and a psycho-cardiological treatment group which included WeChat management or antidepressant/antianxiety medical therapy according to the situation. After the patients discharging from hospital for 2, 4, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 weeks, professional cardiovascular doctors would follow up by telephone, WeChat, and outpatient department, including scales (2-48 weeks), and cardiac events (2-96 weeks). Kaplan-Meier survival curve and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model were used for analyzing the association between psycho-cardiological treatment and cardiac events.Results:This study recruited a total of 552 patients with CAD, aged 61.0(54.0, 67.0) years, and 379 (68.7%) were male. There were 279(50.5%) in the regular treatment group and 273(49.5%) in the psycho-cardiological treatment group. After treatment for 4, 12 and 48 weeks, the PHQ-9 score in psycho-cardiological was significantly lower than the regular treatment group; After treatment for 12 weeks, the EQ-5D-5L effective value in psycho-cardiological group was higher than the regular treatment group; After treatment for 2, 4, 12, 24 and 48 weeks, the EQ-5D-5L VAS score in psycho-cardiological group was higher than the regular therapy group (all P<0.05). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that, during the different follow-up periods, the rate of cardiac events in psycho-cardiological treatment group was lower than regular treatment group (log-rank P<0.001). The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model adjusted the factor of age, the psycho-cardiological treatment contributed to reducing the cardiac events rate by 80.3% ( HR=0.197, 95% CI: 0.067-0.582, P=0.003). Conclusion:Psycho-cardiological treatment is beneficial for improving psychological stress, living quality, and reducing cardiac events, and helps to improve prognosis and psycho-cardiological rehabilitation in CAD patients.