Objective To study the physical and chemical stability of biapenem and parenteral nutrient solutions when they are used together through a Y-type infusion pathway,and to evaluate the rationality and feasibility of clinical compatibility.Methods Based on the actual clinical infusion rates of biapenem solution and parenteral nutrition solution in ICU,under room temperature and light conditions,simulate a Y-shaped pathway to mix biapenem solution and four types of parenteral nutrition solutions in three volume ratios(1∶1,2∶1,3∶1),and collect the compatible solutions at 0,1,2,4,and 6 hours,observing the appearance,pH value,osmolality,insoluble particles,Zeta potential,particle size and the change of biapenem content of the compatible solution,to investigate the potential interaction between them.Results Within 6 hours,the appearance,pH value,osmotic pressure,insoluble particles,particle size,and Zeta potential did not significantly change.Compared with zero time,the content of the biapenem fluctuated between 93.68%and 100.86%,and there was no impurity peak interference in the chromatogram.Conclusion The physico-chemical properties of biapenem were stable within 6 hours under the condition of room temperature and no light exposure through Y-type infusion pathway and parenteral nutrient solutions.

Objective To study the physical and chemical stability of biapenem and parenteral nutrient solutions when they are used together through a Y-type infusion pathway,and to evaluate the rationality and feasibility of clinical compatibility.Methods Based on the actual clinical infusion rates of biapenem solution and parenteral nutrition solution in ICU,under room temperature and light conditions,simulate a Y-shaped pathway to mix biapenem solution and four types of parenteral nutrition solutions in three volume ratios(1∶1,2∶1,3∶1),and collect the compatible solutions at 0,1,2,4,and 6 hours,observing the appearance,pH value,osmolality,insoluble particles,Zeta potential,particle size and the change of biapenem content of the compatible solution,to investigate the potential interaction between them.Results Within 6 hours,the appearance,pH value,osmotic pressure,insoluble particles,particle size,and Zeta potential did not significantly change.Compared with zero time,the content of the biapenem fluctuated between 93.68%and 100.86%,and there was no impurity peak interference in the chromatogram.Conclusion The physico-chemical properties of biapenem were stable within 6 hours under the condition of room temperature and no light exposure through Y-type infusion pathway and parenteral nutrient solutions.

OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of bezafibrate （BEZ） and fenofibrate （FEN） on the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma PC-9 cells and the expression of c-myc. METHODS： The effects of BEZ and FEN （12.5， 25， 50， 100， 200       μmol/L） on the survival rate of PC-9 cells were detected by CCK8 method. PC-9 cells were divided into administration group and control group. Administration group was given low， medium and high concentration （25， 50， 100 μmol/L） of BEZ and FEN； control group was treated with dimethyl sulfoxide for 48 h. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. qRT-PCR was used to detect mRNA relative expression of c-myc in cells. The protein relative expression of c-myc in cells were detected by Western blot assay. RESULTS： The survival rates of PC-9 cells were （80.76±3.2）％， （74.35±5.06）％， （62.8±1.23）％， （59.03±1.55）％， （39.8±1.01）％ under the action of above concentration of BEZ； and the survival rates of PC-9 cells were （74.46±1.30）％， （61.91±4.77）％， （48.95±2.8）％， （37.05±1.55）％， （32.49±1.36）％ under the action of FEN. Compared with control group， G1 phase cell ratio increased significantly in medium and high concentration groups of BEZ and FEN； the apoptotic rate of PC-9 cells was increased significantly in low， medium and high concentration groups of BEZ and FEN； mRNA and protein relative expression of c-myc were decreased significantly， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： BEZ and FEN can inhibit the proliferation of PC-9 cells， and down-regulate c-myc expression.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for simultaneous determination of 6 components in Niuhuang ninggong tablets.METHODS:HPLC method was adopted.The determination was performed on TC-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.05％ phosphate acid (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was set at 280 nm,and the column temperature was 25 ℃.The sample size was 10 μL.RESULTS:The linear ranges of glycyrrhizin,berberine hydrochloride,baicalin,baicalin,emodin and chrysophanol were 3.2-320 μg/mL(r=0.999 9),8.8-880 μg/mL(r=0.999 8),5.6-560 μg/mL (r=0.999 5),2.0-200 μg/mL(r=0.999 9),4.4-440 μg/mL (r=0.999 9),2.0-200 μg/mL(r=0.999 7),respectively.RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 6.0％.The recoveries were 96.34％-97.25％ (RSD=0.33％,n=6),96.12％-98.06％ (RSD=0.82％,n=6),96.36％-99.09％ (RSD=1.02％,n=6),95.84％-97.32％ (RSD=0.65％,n=6),95.83％-97.92％(RSD=0.88％,n=6),98.60％-99.65％(RSD=0.42％,n=6),respectively.CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate,stable and reproducible,and can be used for content determination of 6 components in Niuhuang ninggong tablets.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of irbesartan against cardiac inflammation associated with diabetes and obesity in the db/db mouse model of type 2 diabetes and explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods Twenty- four 10-week-old diabetic db/db mice were equally randomized into irbesartan treatment (50 mg/kg per day) group and model group, using 12 nondiabetic littermates (db/+) as the controls, The mice were treated with irbesartan or saline vehicle for 16 consecutive weeks, after which the heart pathology was observed and the heart weight, body weight, and serum levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol(TC), and triglycerides(TG) were measured. The expression of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) p65 in the myocardium was assessed with immunohistochemistry, the protein levels of P-IкBα ,IкBαandβ-actin were analyzed with Western blotting, and the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-αmRNA were detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Results Compared with db/+mice, the saline-treated db/db mice developed obesity, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia (P<0.01). Histopathological examination of the heart tissue revealed inflammatory cell infiltration, increased myocardial interstitium and disorders of myocardial fiber arrangement. The diabetic mice showed increased P-IкBα and decreased IκBα protein levels, enhanced activity and expression of NF-κB in the hearts, and increased mRNA expression of IL-6 and TNF-αin the myocardium. These abnormalities were all associated with increased inflammatory response. Treatment with irbesartan improved the heart architecture and attenuated high glucose-induced inflammation in the diabetic mice. Conclusion Treatment with irbesartan attenuates cardiac inflammation in type 2 diabetic db/db mice, and this effect was probably associated with the suppression of cardiac angiotensin Ⅱ and NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of irbesartan against cardiac inflammation associated with diabetes and obesity in the db/db mouse model of type 2 diabetes and explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods Twenty- four 10-week-old diabetic db/db mice were equally randomized into irbesartan treatment (50 mg/kg per day) group and model group, using 12 nondiabetic littermates (db/+) as the controls, The mice were treated with irbesartan or saline vehicle for 16 consecutive weeks, after which the heart pathology was observed and the heart weight, body weight, and serum levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol(TC), and triglycerides(TG) were measured. The expression of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) p65 in the myocardium was assessed with immunohistochemistry, the protein levels of P-IкBα ,IкBαandβ-actin were analyzed with Western blotting, and the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-αmRNA were detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Results Compared with db/+mice, the saline-treated db/db mice developed obesity, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia (P<0.01). Histopathological examination of the heart tissue revealed inflammatory cell infiltration, increased myocardial interstitium and disorders of myocardial fiber arrangement. The diabetic mice showed increased P-IкBα and decreased IκBα protein levels, enhanced activity and expression of NF-κB in the hearts, and increased mRNA expression of IL-6 and TNF-αin the myocardium. These abnormalities were all associated with increased inflammatory response. Treatment with irbesartan improved the heart architecture and attenuated high glucose-induced inflammation in the diabetic mice. Conclusion Treatment with irbesartan attenuates cardiac inflammation in type 2 diabetic db/db mice, and this effect was probably associated with the suppression of cardiac angiotensin Ⅱ and NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate whether the presence of infection in a case series with coma would predict sepsis associated encephalopathy(SAE).Methods From Jan 2013 to Oct 2014,we used the criteria of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)positive sepsis with encephalopathy and retrospective diagnosed a comatose case series with infection and from a tertiary teaching hospital intensive care unit (ICU).Results Among 6 comatose patients with evidence of infection,3 cases were secondary infection after hemorrhagic stroke,1 case was secondary infection after trauma,and the other 2 cases were primary infection.All patients met the diagnosis of SIRS -positive sepsis with encephalopathy.Among them,the presence of SIRS 3 criteria was in 2 cases,four criteria in 4 cases. All patients with severe brain failure (100%),in addition to 5 cases with acute respiratory failure caused by lung injury,one case with acute liver failure.Brain imaging confirmed that the delayed vasogenic edema was in two cases (33.3%),the cerebral ischemic lesions in four cases(66.7%).The ischemic lesion included 1 patient with minor infarcts and 1 case with mild white matter lesions,and with a good prognosis.The other two ischemic cases included multifocal leukoencephalopathy with central pontine myelinolysis in 1 case and extensive white matter lesions in 1 case,eventually with a poor prognosis.Conclusion SAE is a common critically illness,the use of the new classifi-cation criteria of sepsis is helpful in the diagnosis of sepsis associated encephalopathy.

Animals ; Duodenal Diseases ; diagnosis ; parasitology ; pathology ; Duodenum ; parasitology ; pathology ; Humans ; Intestinal Perforation ; diagnosis ; parasitology ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Taenia saginata ; pathogenicity

1 303 syphilis patients had seen their doctors at the STD clinic of our hospital in 2012 . All first-visit syphilis patients were screened for HIV. The HIV-infected individuals were tested for syphilis. 8 cases were con-firmed to be HIV-infected individual, which constituted 0. 6% of syphilis cases. 4 cases were male and 4 cases were female among 8 cases. There were 4 cases of secondary syphilis and 4 cases of latent syphilis. Patients with syphilis and HIV infections accounted for 44% of all the HIV-infected individuals during the year.