BACKGROUND:The lower-limb muscle strength shows a significant physiological decline with aging.There may be a certain correlation between sedentary behavior,fear of falling,age and lower-limb muscle strength,but the influence path and effect relationship among them are not yet clear.OBJECTIVE:To examine the relationship between sedentary behavior and lower-limb muscle strength,and to explore the influences of fear of falling and age in such an association among community-dwelling older adults.METHODS:This cross-sectional study recruited 331 community-dwelling older adults(aged≥60 years)in Shanghai.A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect basic information,demographic data,etc.The Short Form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was applied to measure sedentary time.Lower-limb muscle strength was assessed by the 30-second chair-stand test.Fear of falling was measured by the Chinese version of Fall Efficacy Scale-International.Descriptive statistics analysis,correlation analysis,regression-based path analysis and mediation analyses were performed on the data.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Valid data from 318 community-dwelling older adults[78.9%females,mean age(67.8±5.5)years old]were finally included in the analysis.There were 185 with sedentary time≥3 hours and 133 with sedentary time<3 hours.(1)There was a positive correlation between sedentary behavior and fear of falling(P<0.01),and there were negative correlations between lower-limb muscle strength and sedentary behavior(P<0.01)and between lower-limb muscle strength and fear of falling(P<0.001).(2)Sedentary behavior negatively predicted lower-limb muscle strength(β=-0.125,P<0.05),and positively predicted fear of falling(β=0.182,P<0.01).Fear of falling negatively predicted lower-limb muscle strength(β=-0.293,P<0.001).(3)Fear of falling mediated the relationship between sedentary behavior and lower-limb muscle strength(β=-0.053,95%confidence interval:-0.100 to-0.018).(4)Sedentary behavior had a statistically significant predictive effect on fear of falling(β=0.164,P<0.01),indicating that age moderates the effect of sedentary behavior on fear of falling.

BACKGROUND:The lower-limb muscle strength shows a significant physiological decline with aging.There may be a certain correlation between sedentary behavior,fear of falling,age and lower-limb muscle strength,but the influence path and effect relationship among them are not yet clear.OBJECTIVE:To examine the relationship between sedentary behavior and lower-limb muscle strength,and to explore the influences of fear of falling and age in such an association among community-dwelling older adults.METHODS:This cross-sectional study recruited 331 community-dwelling older adults(aged≥60 years)in Shanghai.A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect basic information,demographic data,etc.The Short Form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was applied to measure sedentary time.Lower-limb muscle strength was assessed by the 30-second chair-stand test.Fear of falling was measured by the Chinese version of Fall Efficacy Scale-International.Descriptive statistics analysis,correlation analysis,regression-based path analysis and mediation analyses were performed on the data.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Valid data from 318 community-dwelling older adults[78.9%females,mean age(67.8±5.5)years old]were finally included in the analysis.There were 185 with sedentary time≥3 hours and 133 with sedentary time<3 hours.(1)There was a positive correlation between sedentary behavior and fear of falling(P<0.01),and there were negative correlations between lower-limb muscle strength and sedentary behavior(P<0.01)and between lower-limb muscle strength and fear of falling(P<0.001).(2)Sedentary behavior negatively predicted lower-limb muscle strength(β=-0.125,P<0.05),and positively predicted fear of falling(β=0.182,P<0.01).Fear of falling negatively predicted lower-limb muscle strength(β=-0.293,P<0.001).(3)Fear of falling mediated the relationship between sedentary behavior and lower-limb muscle strength(β=-0.053,95%confidence interval:-0.100 to-0.018).(4)Sedentary behavior had a statistically significant predictive effect on fear of falling(β=0.164,P<0.01),indicating that age moderates the effect of sedentary behavior on fear of falling.

Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a common and severe digestive disease in dogs,characterized by a high recurrence rate and complications that significantly impact canine health.This study in-vestigates the mechanism by which adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)regulate the CHOP/Bcl-2 pathway to mitigate acute pancreatic injury in dogs.Twenty Beagle dogs were randomly divided in-to four groups:a Sham group,an AP model group,an ADSCs treatment group,and a conditioned medium(CM)treatment group.The AP model was established by injecting a mixed solution of trypsin and sodium taurocholate into the AP model group.The ADSCs treatment group received intravenous injections of ADSCs immediately following surgery,while the CM treatment group re-ceived conditioned medium preparations.Pancreatic tissue was collected 24 hours post-surgery,and changes in the CHOP/Bcl-2 pathway were assessed using histopathology,transmission electron microscopy,western blotting,fluorescence quantification,immunofluorescence,and TUNEL stai-ning.The results indicated that AP induced significant interstitial edema,hemorrhage,inflammato-ry cell infiltration,chromatin contraction,and endoplasmic reticulum swelling,the expression lev-els of GRP78 and CHOP were found to be elevated,whereas the expression of Bcl-2 was downreg-ulated.Additionally,the expression levels of BAX,JNK,Caspase-3,and Caspase-12 increased,leading to an increased rate of cell apoptosis.Such changes result in an elevated apoptosis rate and a further decrease in Bcl-2 expression.Both ADSCs and CM therapy were found to alleviate the path-ological damage in pancreatic tissue,resulting in downregulation of CHOP and apoptosis-related markers,upregulation of Bcl-2,and a reduction in the apoptosis rate.The results of this study sug-gest that ADSCs may mitigate acute pancreatic injury induced by trypsin and sodium taurocholate in AP dogs by modulating the CHOP/Bcl-2 pathway.Targeted modulation of the transcriptional activity of CHOP may offer novel therapeutic approaches for AP.

Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a common and severe digestive disease in dogs,characterized by a high recurrence rate and complications that significantly impact canine health.This study in-vestigates the mechanism by which adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)regulate the CHOP/Bcl-2 pathway to mitigate acute pancreatic injury in dogs.Twenty Beagle dogs were randomly divided in-to four groups:a Sham group,an AP model group,an ADSCs treatment group,and a conditioned medium(CM)treatment group.The AP model was established by injecting a mixed solution of trypsin and sodium taurocholate into the AP model group.The ADSCs treatment group received intravenous injections of ADSCs immediately following surgery,while the CM treatment group re-ceived conditioned medium preparations.Pancreatic tissue was collected 24 hours post-surgery,and changes in the CHOP/Bcl-2 pathway were assessed using histopathology,transmission electron microscopy,western blotting,fluorescence quantification,immunofluorescence,and TUNEL stai-ning.The results indicated that AP induced significant interstitial edema,hemorrhage,inflammato-ry cell infiltration,chromatin contraction,and endoplasmic reticulum swelling,the expression lev-els of GRP78 and CHOP were found to be elevated,whereas the expression of Bcl-2 was downreg-ulated.Additionally,the expression levels of BAX,JNK,Caspase-3,and Caspase-12 increased,leading to an increased rate of cell apoptosis.Such changes result in an elevated apoptosis rate and a further decrease in Bcl-2 expression.Both ADSCs and CM therapy were found to alleviate the path-ological damage in pancreatic tissue,resulting in downregulation of CHOP and apoptosis-related markers,upregulation of Bcl-2,and a reduction in the apoptosis rate.The results of this study sug-gest that ADSCs may mitigate acute pancreatic injury induced by trypsin and sodium taurocholate in AP dogs by modulating the CHOP/Bcl-2 pathway.Targeted modulation of the transcriptional activity of CHOP may offer novel therapeutic approaches for AP.

Objectives:To evaluate preoperative imaging anatomic characteristics and risk stratification in patients with pure aortic regurgitation(PAR)who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR).Methods:A total of 156 consecutive patients with moderate or severe PAR who underwent TAVR from January 2018 to June 2023 in Fujian Provincial Hospital were enrolled.Pre-procedural aortic root computed tomography scans of the patients were analyzed to summarize anatomical risk points and typing.The clinical baseline data,perioperative data,and postoperative 12-month adverse events during follow-up of patients with different typing were compared.Results:The mean age of the 156 PAR patients treated with TAVR was(72.8±6.4)years,69.2%were male,and the STS score was(7.7±2.0)%.The proportion of PAR patients with simple,general and challenging lesions was 9.0%,37.8%and 53.2%,respectively.Results showed that enrolled patients with PAR treated with TAVR were at high risk of valve displacement(47.4%),and the risk of perivalvular leakage(26.9%),ascending aortic dilatation(26.9%),low coronary artery opening(37.2%)and transverse heart(23.7%)were also common.The risk of valve displacement and perivalvular leakage were significantly higher in PAR patients with challenging lesions.The risk of perioperative complications was significantly higher in patients with challenging and general lesions than in patients with simple lesions,and the most common complications were new left bundle branch block and pacemaker implantation.The 12-month adverse event rates after TAVR in PAR patients with simple,general,and challenge lesions were 0%,15.3%,and 32.5%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.004).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that PAR patients with challenging lesions had a significantly higher risk of multiple endpoint events 12 months after surgery than those with non-challenging lesions(OR=3.38,95%CI:1.48-8.38,P=0.006).Conclusions:Careful assessment of anatomic risk typing by preoperative imaging in PAR patients undergoing TAVR is important for risk stratification of perioperative complications as well as adverse events during follow-up.

Objective To compare the effects of remimazolam and propofol on postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV)after pancreatic extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(P-ESWL),with the aim of optimizing the anesthesia regimen for this procedure.Methods Clinical data were retrospectively collected from patients who underwent P-ESWL for pancreatic stones under general anesthesia at The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2021 to December 2024.A total of 307 patients were recruited,with 103 in the remimazolam group and 204 in the propofol group.Inverse probability of treatment weighting(IPTW)based on propensity scores was used to balance baseline characteristics and confounding factors between the two groups.The incidence of PONV and anesthesia recovery time were compared between the two groups.Results Before IPTW,there were statistically significant differences between the remimazolam and propofol groups in gender[male/female:51/52 vs.155/49],smoking history(27.2％vs.42.6％),intraoperative sufentanil use[25(10)μg vs.30(10)μg],remifentanil use[429.00(177)μg vs.480.50(209)μg],rocuronium use[36(6)mg vs.38(7)mg],and intraoperative dexamethasone use(62.1％vs.49.0％)(all P＜0.05).After IPTW,the baseline characteristics and confounding factors were balanced and comparable between the two groups(P＞0.05).Before IPTW,the incidence of PONV was higher in the remimazolam group than in the propofol group(24.3％vs.14.7％,P=0.039).After IPTW,the two groups did not significantly differ in the incidence of PONV(21.5％vs.17.5％,P=0.215),and the anesthesia recovery time was significantly shorter in the remimazolam group than in the propofol group[3(3)min vs.9(4)min,P＜0.001].Conclusion Compared to propofol anesthesia,remimazolam does not increase the incidence of PONV in patients undergoing P-ESWL for pancreatic stones and can effectively reduce anesthesia recovery time.

Objectives:To evaluate preoperative imaging anatomic characteristics and risk stratification in patients with pure aortic regurgitation(PAR)who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR).Methods:A total of 156 consecutive patients with moderate or severe PAR who underwent TAVR from January 2018 to June 2023 in Fujian Provincial Hospital were enrolled.Pre-procedural aortic root computed tomography scans of the patients were analyzed to summarize anatomical risk points and typing.The clinical baseline data,perioperative data,and postoperative 12-month adverse events during follow-up of patients with different typing were compared.Results:The mean age of the 156 PAR patients treated with TAVR was(72.8±6.4)years,69.2%were male,and the STS score was(7.7±2.0)%.The proportion of PAR patients with simple,general and challenging lesions was 9.0%,37.8%and 53.2%,respectively.Results showed that enrolled patients with PAR treated with TAVR were at high risk of valve displacement(47.4%),and the risk of perivalvular leakage(26.9%),ascending aortic dilatation(26.9%),low coronary artery opening(37.2%)and transverse heart(23.7%)were also common.The risk of valve displacement and perivalvular leakage were significantly higher in PAR patients with challenging lesions.The risk of perioperative complications was significantly higher in patients with challenging and general lesions than in patients with simple lesions,and the most common complications were new left bundle branch block and pacemaker implantation.The 12-month adverse event rates after TAVR in PAR patients with simple,general,and challenge lesions were 0%,15.3%,and 32.5%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.004).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that PAR patients with challenging lesions had a significantly higher risk of multiple endpoint events 12 months after surgery than those with non-challenging lesions(OR=3.38,95%CI:1.48-8.38,P=0.006).Conclusions:Careful assessment of anatomic risk typing by preoperative imaging in PAR patients undergoing TAVR is important for risk stratification of perioperative complications as well as adverse events during follow-up.

Objective To compare the effects of remimazolam and propofol on postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV)after pancreatic extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(P-ESWL),with the aim of optimizing the anesthesia regimen for this procedure.Methods Clinical data were retrospectively collected from patients who underwent P-ESWL for pancreatic stones under general anesthesia at The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2021 to December 2024.A total of 307 patients were recruited,with 103 in the remimazolam group and 204 in the propofol group.Inverse probability of treatment weighting(IPTW)based on propensity scores was used to balance baseline characteristics and confounding factors between the two groups.The incidence of PONV and anesthesia recovery time were compared between the two groups.Results Before IPTW,there were statistically significant differences between the remimazolam and propofol groups in gender[male/female:51/52 vs.155/49],smoking history(27.2％vs.42.6％),intraoperative sufentanil use[25(10)μg vs.30(10)μg],remifentanil use[429.00(177)μg vs.480.50(209)μg],rocuronium use[36(6)mg vs.38(7)mg],and intraoperative dexamethasone use(62.1％vs.49.0％)(all P＜0.05).After IPTW,the baseline characteristics and confounding factors were balanced and comparable between the two groups(P＞0.05).Before IPTW,the incidence of PONV was higher in the remimazolam group than in the propofol group(24.3％vs.14.7％,P=0.039).After IPTW,the two groups did not significantly differ in the incidence of PONV(21.5％vs.17.5％,P=0.215),and the anesthesia recovery time was significantly shorter in the remimazolam group than in the propofol group[3(3)min vs.9(4)min,P＜0.001].Conclusion Compared to propofol anesthesia,remimazolam does not increase the incidence of PONV in patients undergoing P-ESWL for pancreatic stones and can effectively reduce anesthesia recovery time.

Obesity, as a chronic recurrent disease, has become a major public health challenge in China. To implement the requirements of the Healthy China Initiative (2019—2030), under domestic guidelines or consensus statements on overweight and obesity, and in alignment with the latest scientific advances globally, the Quality control protocol for adult overweight and obesity screening in health management (examination) institutions (2025 edition) was developed. This protocol was drafted by the Health Management Center of Shanghai Changzheng Hospital and formulated through multiple rounds of deliberation by experts in China’s health examination quality control field. The protocol establishes unified standards for screening facilities, personnel qualifications, and measurement or testing procedures. It defines specific screening items, outlines a standardized screening pathway, and sets requirements for the final medical review, ensuring the scientific validity, effectiveness, and safety of the screening process. The implementation of this protocol will enhance the consistency of weight management practices for adults across health examination institutions and strengthen the quality control of overweight and obesity screening programs.

Qingzao Jiufeitang is a famous classical formula for treating lung injury caused by warm and dryness， included in the Catalogue of Ancient Famous Classical Formulas（The First Batch）. By systematically organizing ancient and modern literature on this formula， this study analyzed and verified the origin， medicinal composition， original plants and processing， dosage and decoction method， efficacy and application of this formula. According to the research， Qingzao Jiufeitang was first recorded in Yimen Falyu in the Qing dynasty， and its creation was mainly inspired by the Ming dynasty physician MIAO Xiyong's idea of the moisturizing drugs with sweet flavour and cold nature. Based on the 2020 edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China（hereinafter referred to as the Chinese Pharmacopoeia） and the textual research results of modern scholars on traditional Chinese herbal medicines， the botanical sources and processing methods of the herbs in this formula are basically clarified. Among them， Mori Folium， Gypsum Fibrosum， Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma， Sesami Semen Nigrum， Asini Corii Colla， Ophiopogonis Radix and Eriobotryae Folium are consistent with the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The primary source of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is the dried roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis， family Leguminosae， while the primary source of Armeniacae Semen Amarum is the dried mature seeds of Prunus armeniaca， family Rosaceae. It is recommended to use Gypsum Ustum， stir-fried Sesami Semen Nigrum， stir-fried Armeniacae Semen Amarum， Asini Corii Colla bead， and honey-fried Eriobotryae Folium， and the rest of the raw products. According to the conversion of ancient and modern doses， the recommended dosages are 11.19 g for Mori Folium， 9.33 g for Gypsum Fibrosum， 3.73 g for Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， 2.61 g for Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma， 3.73 g for Sesami Semen Nigrum， 4.48 g for Ophiopogonis Radix， 2.61 g for Armeniacae Semen Amarum， 3.73 g for Eriobotryae Folium. The decoction method is to add 300 mL of water， decoct it down to 180 mL， remove the residue， and then add 2.98 g of Asini Corii Colla into the decoction. Take it warm after meals， two to three times a day. Qingzao Jiufeitang has the effects of clearing dryness and moistening the lungs， nourishing Yin and invigorating Qi. In ancient times， it was mainly used to treat stagnation and depression of various Qi， as well as paralysis， asthma and vomiting. In modern clinical practice， it is mostly used to treat diseases in respiratory system， otolaryngology， skin system and digestive system caused by warm-dry impairing lung， deficiency of both Qi and Yin. The above research results can provide a reference for the later development of Qingzao Jiufeitang.