Objective: To make laboratorial diagnosis of imported yellow fever (YF) cases in Fujian province with molecular method . Methods: Serum and urine samples were collected from suspected cases at various time-points post illness onset. Real-time RT-PCR and nested RT-PCR were performed respectively for viral specific nucleotide detection and fragment amplification. Sequencing and restrictive fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method were used to identify the wild virus infection. Results: A total of five cases with wild yellow fever virus (YFV) infection were confirmed in this study. It revealed that the viral agent belonged to Angola-71 like YFV, and the duration of viral agent in urine was longer than that in serum. Conclusions Simultaneous detection of serum and urine samples would increase detection sensitivity, and further RFLP method contributed to rapid identification of wild YFV infection and exclusion of positive result due to recent vaccination.

Objective To investigate the value of narrow-band imaging (NBI) cystoscopy in the diagnosis of interstitial cysti-tis (IC).Methods From Sep.2009 to Mar.2014, 65 patients highly suspected of having IC were included in the study .First, con-ventional white-light imaging(WLI)cystoscopy was performed under spinal anesthesia by a senior urologist .Then, NBI cystoscopy was conducted independently by a junior urologist .Following hydro-distention test , the above two urologists made conventional observation by WLI cystoscopy , and biopsy was performed to see if abnormal bladder mucosa could be detected .Results Conventional WLI cysto-scopy before hydrodistention revealed that 5 patients out of 65 had ulcerative pathological lesion and 23 patients had non-ulcerative capil-lary-rich area .When NBI cystoscopy was administered , 28 WLI-positive cases were detected , and another 31 WLI-negative cases were found to have non-ulcerative capillary-rich area.WLI cystoscopy after hydrodistention revealed that 5 cases with ulcerative lesion had mucosa rupture with bleeding at the site of ulcer , and all the 54 cases with non-ulcerative capillary-rich area under NBI cystoscopy and 2 NBI-negative cases were found to have petechial hemorrhage and glomerulus -like erythema.Biopsies performed in 61 cases with ab-normal bladder mucosa revealed that 59 cases had chronic inflammation and 2 cases were diagnosed to be carcinoma in situ .Thus, 59 were confirmed to be IC cases.In the diagnosis of IC under the WLI mode before hydrodistention , the sensitivity, specificity and Kappa values were 44.1%, 66.7% and 0.032 respectively, while under NBI mode, the sensitivity, specificity and Kappa values were 96.6%, 66.7%and 0.633 respectively.Conclusion Compared with WLI cystoscopy, NBI cystoscopy seemed to be more sensitive in the diagnosis of IC before hydrodistention .The NBI-positive area was highly identical to the positive area after hydrodistention .It had good application value in IC diagnosis .

Objective To evaluate the safety of simultaneous transurethral green laser vaporization therapy in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and nonmuscle-invasive bladder transitional cell carcinoma (NMIBT).Methods The clinical data of 27 patients (observation group) who had undergone simultaneous transurethral green laser vaporization therapy in BPH and NMIBT between May 2004 and October 2010 were analyzed retrospectively.Meanwhile 27 patients(control group) only had undergone green laser vaporization therapy in NMIBT during the same period were selected.Clinicopathologic parameters,rate of recurrence and progression,rate of recurrence in the bladder neck and prostatic urethra were determined and compared.Results The time of follow-up in observation group and control group were (28.61 ± 19.53) and (30.20 ± 21.46) months.The rates of recurrence,progression and recurrence in the bladder neck and prostatic urethra between observation group and control group had no significant differences [ 18.5％ (5/27) vs.25.9％ (7/27),3.7％ (1/27) vs.0,0 vs.0] (P ＞0.05).Conclusion Simultaneous transurethral green laser vaporization of NMIBT and BPH can be safely performed without increasing the risk of tumor recurrence in the prostatic urethra.

Objective To elucidate the CT characteristics and pathology of acute miliary pulmonary tuberculosis (AMPT). Methods The CT features of AMPT in 25 cases were analyzed retrospectively, and the CT features in HIV-seronegative and HIV-seropositive patients were compared by 2-sided exact propability Chi-square test. Two lung specimens were inflated and fixed by Heitzman's method. HRCT scans, gross specimen section (80-150 μm) and histologic section (5 μm) were performed on dry lung specimens and CT-pathologic correlation was conducted. The distribution of micronodules in the secondary lobule on HRCT and pathology in one specimen was evaluated by Chi-square test. Results Twenty five patients with AMPT were included in this study, including 11 HIV-seropositive patients and 14 HIV-seronegative patients. HRCT showed diffuse micronodules randomly distributed throughout both lungs in 25 patients, and ground-glass opacity (17 patients)was the predominant complicated finding. Coalescence of nodules and consolidation in HIV-seropositive patients (5 and 6 patients) were markedly higher than that in HIV-seronegative patients (none). In lung specimens, most nodules located in the lung parenchyma between the central bronchovascular bundle and the perilobular structures (792 and 560 nodules), which located in the interlobular septum pathologically. The distribution of micronodules in the secondary lobule showed on HRCT (1060 nodules)and pathology(864 nodules) was not significantly difference(x2=2.814,P＞0.05). HRCT showed ground-glass opacities when ARDS occured, which were pulmonary edema,inflammation and hyaline membrane on alveolar wall pathologically. Conclusions The HRCT characteristic of nodule distribution in AMPT is random. ARDS should be suspected when diffuse ground-glass opacities appear on HRCT.

Objective To study the morphological appearance and pathological basis of the fine pulmonary reticulation at HRCT.Methods One hundred and seven patients were analyzed about the morphology findings and dynamic changes on pulmonary HRCT.Twenty-four coal worker's pneumoconiosis(CWP)specimens were examined to make comparison between CT and pathology.The data was analyzed by using the Chi-square test.Results The reticular gap was less than 3 mm in diameter.The morphology of reticulation was round or irregular.Pulmonary parenchyma was seen between the gaps.The reticular wall was smooth or coarse.The thickness was less than 1 mm.One hundred and seven patients had accompanying signs including ground-glass opacity(68.2%,73 patients),crazy paving(23.4%,25 patients),interlobular septal thickening(84.1%,90 patients),emphysema(32.7%,35 patients),interface sign(58.9%,63 patients),traction bronchiolectasis(41.1%,44 patients)and honeycombing(26.2%,28 patients).The differences of the honeycomb,traction bronchiolectosis,interbobular septal thickening,interface sign and paving were statistically significant between the fibrotic group and pneunonia(P＜0.01).Pneumonia showed extensive area of ground-glass opacity(GGO)with fine reticulation.Fine reticulation with both interlobular septal thickening and small nodules were observed more frequently in lmphangitic carcinomatosis.Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF)showed fine reticulation among the honeycombing.Connective tissue disease (CTD)showed fine reticulation with rarely honeycombing and it could be partly absorbed.Fine reticulation with emphysema was seen in chronic bronchitis.In the 58 follow-up patients,the fine reticulation increased in 26 patients,decreased or disappeared in 22 patients and showed no change in 10 patients.The major pathological basis of the fine reticulation was intralobular interstitial thickening,including fibrosis hyperplasia,inflammatory cells and tumor cells infiltration,effusion filling,smut deposition and so on.Conclusions The fine reticulation was caused by intralobular interstitial thickening including inflammation,interstitial hyperplasia,pulmonary fibrosis and tumor.The fine reticulation is helpful to prompt the diagnosis of these diseases,but the diagnosis need its combination with the other CT findings and dynamic changes.