Ulcerative colitis（UC） is a chronic non-specific inflammatory bowel disease characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the colonic mucosa and submucosa， and its complex pathogenesis involves immune abnormality， oxidative stress and other factors. The nuclear transcription factor E₂-related factor 2（Nrf2）， encoded by the Nfe212 gene， plays a central role in antioxidant responses. It not only activates various antioxidant response elements such as heme oxygenase-1（HO-1） and quinone oxidoreductase 1（NQO1）， but also enhances the activity of glutathione-S-transferase（GST） and superoxide dismutase 1（SOD1）， effectively eliminating reactive oxygen species（ROS） accumulated in the body， and mitigating oxidative stress-induced damage to intestinal mucosa. In addition， Nrf2 can reduce the release of inflammatory factors and infiltration of immune cells by regulating immune response， cell apoptosis and autophagy pathways， thereby alleviating intestinal inflammation and promoting the repair and regeneration of damaged mucosa. Based on this， this paper reviews the research progress of Chinese materia medica in the prevention and treatment of UC by modulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. It deeply explores the physiological role of Nrf2， the molecular mechanism of activation， the protective effect in the pathological process of UC， and how active ingredients in Chinese materia medica regulate the Nrf2 signaling pathway through multiple pathways to exert their potential mechanisms. These studies have revealed in depth that Chinese materia medica can effectively combat oxidative stress by regulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. It can also play a role in anti-inflammatory， promoting autophagy， inhibiting apoptosis， protecting the intestinal mucosal barrier， and promoting intestinal mucosal repair， providing new ideas and methods for the multi-faceted treatment of UC.

Surgical operation is the main treatment of oral and maxillofacial tumors.Dysphagia is a common postoperative complication.Swal-lowing disorder can not only lead to mis-aspiration,malnutrition,aspiration pneumonia and other serious consequences,but also may cause psychological problems and social communication barriers,affecting the quality of life of the patients.At present,there is no systematic evalua-tion and rehabilitation management plan for the problem of swallowing disorder after oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery in China.Combining the characteristics of postoperative swallowing disorder in patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors,summarizing the clinical experience of ex-perts in the field of tumor and rehabilitation,reviewing and summarizing relevant literature at home and abroad,and through joint discussion and modification,a group of national experts reached this consensus including the core contents of the screening of swallowing disorders,the phased assessment of prognosis and complications,and the implementation plan of comprehensive management such as nutrition management,respiratory management,swallowing function recovery,psychology and nursing during rehabilitation treatment,in order to improve the evalua-tion and rehabilitation of swallowing disorder after oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery in clinic.

Cryoablation therapy with explicit anti-tumor mechanisms and histopathological manifestations has a long history.A large number of clinical practice has shown that cryoablation therapy is safe and effective,making it an ideal tumor treatment method in theory.Previously,its efficacy and clinical application were constrained by the limitations of refrigerants and refrigeration equipment.With the development of the new generation of cryoablation equipment represented by argon helium knives,significant progress has been made in refrigeration efficien-cy,ablation range,and precise temperature measurement,greatly promoting the progression of tumor cryoablation technology.This consensus systematically summarizes the mechanism of cryoablation technology,indications for oral mucosal melanoma(OMM)cryotherapy,clinical treatment process,adverse reactions and management,cryotherapy combination therapy,etc.,aiming to provide reference for carrying out the standardized cryoablation therapy of OMM.

Objective:The expression of serum free light chain(FLC)is abnormal in various diseases,but its role in lung cancer remains unclear.This study aims to investigate the expression and diagnostic value of serum FLC in lung cancer. Methods:A total of 80 lung cancer patients treated at Xiangdong Hospital,Hunan Normal University from January to December 2021 were selected as the lung cancer group.Another 80 healthy individuals undergoing routine physical examinations during the same period were chosen as the control group.General information and serum κFLC and λFLC levels were collected for all subjects.Clinical indicators such as serum carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1(CYFRA21-1)levels,tumor diameter,histological type,TNM stage,and lymph node metastasis status were recorded for lung cancer patients.The expression levels of serum FLC[κFLC,λFLC,and FLC(κ+λ)]were compared between the lung cancer group and the control group.Lung cancer patients were grouped based on gender,age,smoking history,tumor diameter,TNM stage,histological type,and lymph node metastasis to compare differences in serum κFLC and λFLC levels.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum FLC alone and in combination with other indicators in lung cancer. Results:The expression levels of serum FLC(κ+λ)and κFLC were significantly higher in the lung cancer group than those in the control group(both P＜0.001),while there was no significant difference in serum λFLC levels between the 2 groups(P＞0.05).There were no significant differences in serum κFLC levels among lung cancer patients with different tumor diameters,histological types,or TNM stages(all P＞0.05);however,serum κFLC levels were higher in lung cancer patients with lymph node metastasis than in those without,with statistical significance(P=0.033).There were no significant differences in serum λFLC levels based on tumor diameter or histological type(both P＞0.05),but serumλFLC levels were higher in stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ and lymph node metastatic lung cancer patients compared to stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ and non-metastatic patients,with statistical significance(P=0.033 and P=0.019,respectively).The area under the curve(AUC)for κFLC and CEA in diagnosing lung cancer showed no significant difference(P=0.333).The combination ofκFLC+CYFRA21-1 had the highest diagnostic efficacy(AUC=0.875)and sensitivity(71.3％).The AUC for the combined diagnosis of κFLC+λFLC+CEA+CYFRA21-1 was 0.915(95％CI 0.860 to 0.953,P＜0.001). Conclusion:Serum FLC is highly expressed in lung cancer and is associated with its invasion and metastasis.Serum FLC,particularly κFLC,has diagnostic value for lung cancer,and the combined detection of FLC,CEA,and CYFRA21-1 offers the best diagnostic efficacy.

Neck dissection(ND)is one of the main treatment methods for oral and maxillofacial malignancies.Although ND type is in con-stant improvement,but intraoperative peal-pull-push injury of the accessory nerve,muscle,muscle membrane,fascia and ligament induced shoulder syndrome(SS)is still a common postoperative complication,combined with the influence of radiochemotherapy,not only can cause pain,stiffness,numbness,limited dysfunction of shoulder neck and arm,but also may have serious impact on patient's life quality and phys-ical and mental health.At present,there is still a lack of a systematic evaluation and rehabilitation management program for postoperative SS of oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors.Based on the previous clinical practice and the current available evidence,refer to the relevant lit-erature at home and abroad,the experts in the field of maxillofacial tumor surgery and rehabilitation were invited to discuss,modify and reach a consenusus on the etiology,assessment diagnosis,differential diagnosis,rehabilitation strategy and prevention of SS,in order to provide clinical reference.

Objective:To analyze the intervention effect of rehabilitation platform-based online psycho-education on patients with bipolar disorder (BD) in remission stage.Methods:In this randomized controlled study, 91 patients with BD in remission stage who attended the community health center in Xicheng District, Beijing from July to August 2021 were randomly divided into a test group (46 cases) and a control group (45 cases) according to a 1∶1 ratio using the random number table. Baseline data were collected from both groups, and the control group received conventional medication and community telephone follow-up, while the test group was given online mental health education in the form of a WeChat subscription number on this basis, including BD mental health education course push (twice a week) and disease self-management (daily recording of mood, sleep, medication, exercise and gratitude diary), and the intervention period was 6 months in both groups. During the intervention, one patient in the test group was admitted to hospital due to exacerbation of mental illness and the trial was terminated. A total of 90 cases were included in the study. The scores of Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and Perceived Devaluation-Discrimination Scale (PDD) were assessed at baseline, after 3 months and 6 months of intervention in both groups, respectively. And the differences in baseline data between the two groups were compared using two independent samples t test and χ2 test, and the repeated-measures ANOVA was used to compare the differences in MARS, HAMD, YMRS, and PDD scores between the two groups before and after the intervention, and to analyze the intervention effects of network mental health education based on the rehabilitation platform on patients in remission stage of BD. Results:After 6 months of intervention, MARS scores in the test group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(8.47±1.75) vs (7.47±1.85)], and was significantly higher than that at baseline (7.36±2.13) and after 3 months of intervention (8.04±1.68) (all P<0.05). YMRS and PDD scores in the test group were significantly lower than those at baseline after 3 and 6 months of intervention [YMRS, 2.0(1.0,4.0),2.0(0,3.0) vs 3.0(1.0,5.5); PDD, (31.18±4.65), (30.13±4.76) vs (32.51±4.51)] (all P<0.05); the differences in YMRS and PDD scores in the control group were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in HAMD scores between the two groups before and after the intervention (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Combining mental health education based on rehabilitation platform with conventional medication and community management can significantly improve the medication compliance of patients with BD in remission stage, and improve their manic symptoms and reduce the stigma of the disease.

Objective: To investigate the potential relationship between sensory characteristics and gray matter volumes in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), to provide a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of children with ASD. Methods: A total of 40 ASD children who were treated or recovered in Xi an medical institutions and 16 typically developing (TD) children who were from several kindergatens in Xi an were invited for participation. Sensory characteristics were evaluated by the sensory processing and self regulation checklist, 3D structural brain images were obtained with TIWI, and gray matter volumes were analyzed by voxel based morphometry. Sensory characteristics and gray matter volumes were compared between groups and the relationship between sensory characteristics and different gray matter volumes were analyzed. Results: The scores of auditory, visual, tactile, sensory processing ability and sensory under responsivity in the ASD group were lower than those in the TD group ( Z/t =-2.63, -2.57 , -3.11, -2.19, -3.83, P <0.05). Gray matter volumes in nine brain regions increased in the ASD group compared to the TD group, including the left and right posterior inferior lobe, right parahippocamal gyrus, left insula, left media frontal gyrus, left superion occipital gyrus, right superion occipital gyrus, right superion parietal lobe, and right posterion central gyrus ( t =3.53, 3.69 , 3.37, 3.86, 3.61, 3.37, 4.04, 3.38, 3.16, P <0.01). In the ASD group, the scores of visual, vestibular, proprioceptive, sensory processing ability, sensory seeking behavior and sensory over responsivity were negatively correlated with gray matter volumes of left superior occipital gyrus ( r =-0.36, -0.40, -0.39, -0.36, -0.40, -0.36), and the scores of visual, vestibular, and sensory over responsivity were negatively correlated with gray matter volumes of the right superior parietal lobule ( r =-0.36, -0.50, -0.42)( P <0.05). Conclusion The presence of paresthesia in children with ASD is associated with gray matter volumes of the left superior occipital gyrus and right superior parietal lobule.

OBJECTIVES: Uterine fluid RNA can be used as a test for endometrial receptivity, but there is still no noninvasive sampling method available. The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) formaldehyde absorbent sponge, a medical bio-absorbent sponge with good water absorption and biophilic properties, can be used to develop a new noninvasive endometrial fluid sampler. This study aims to investigate the toxicity of PVA acetal absorbent sponges on endometrial epithelial cells and its effect on RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). METHODS: The experimental group using PVA formaldehyde absorbent sponge was prepared into 0.005%, 0.01% and 0.02% (w/v) suspension, and 0.01%, 0.05% and 0.1% (v/v) extract groups. The control group was only the complete culture medium. Nothing was added to the blank group. In vitro cytotoxicity assay was used to evaluate the survival rate of cells. Eight patients underwent in vitro fertilization treatment in the Reproductive Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from November 2019 to January 2020. The uterine fluid of each patient was aspirated. The experimental group was inhaled with sterile PVA formaldehyde absorbent sponge and then immersed RNA-later solution. The control group was directly injected into the same amount of RNA-later solution. RNA-seq and data analysis was performed later. RESULTS: The vitro cytotoxicity assay showed that in suspension groups, there was no significance difference in cell survival between different co-culture time in 0.005% group (P=0.255). In the 0.01% and 0.02% group, there was no difference at each incubation time within 12 h (all P>0.05), but the cell survival rate was decreased at 24 h compared with 0 h (P<0.01, P<0.05). At the same co-culture time, the cell survival of the 3 concentration gradient groups were significantly lower than that of the control group (all P<0.05). The cell viability of the 0.005% concentration group was decreased less than 30% at 24 h, the 0.01% concentration group decreased more than 30% at 12 h, and the 0.02% concentration group was decreased more than 30% at 0 h. For extract groups, there was no significant difference in the survival rate within 6 h in 0.01% concentration group (all P>0.05), and the survival rate of 12 h and 24 h was lower than that of 0 h group (both P<0.01). In 0.05% group, there was no significant difference at each incubation time within 12 h (all P>0.05), but the survival rate at 24 h was lower than that at 0 h (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in survival rate at different culture time in 0.1% concentration group (P=0.082). At the same culture time, there was no significant difference in survival rate between 0.01% group and control group at 0, 3 and 24 h (all P>0.05). Except for 3 h, the survival rate of 0.05% and 0.1% groups was lower than that of control group (all P<0.05), and the decrease was all less than 30%. Uterine fluid RNA-seq showed that there was no significance difference in exonic rate, the detected genes and transcripts of RNA between the experiment groups and the control group (all P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The in vitro cytotoxic of PVA formaldehyde absorbent sponge on human endometrial epithelial cell meet the national standard of the cytotoxic of medical materials. Sampling the uterine fluid with this material does not affect the RNA-Seq results. PVA formaldehyde absorbent sponge is safe and feasible when appling to the noninvasive uterine fluid sampling and RNA sequencing.
Humans ; Social Group ; Sequence Analysis, RNA ; RNA

Objective:To analyze the clinical and chest CT features in a family with interstitial lung disease(ILD), and assess the probable causative gene mutations for the family.Methods:In order to identify the etiology of the proband′s ILD, the pedigree was investigated.The clinical data of five proband′s pedigree members were collected, and the chest HRCT examination was performed on four proband′s pedigree members with respiratory symptoms.The human whole exon sequencing was performed on the proband′s blood samples, then its deleterious effects were assessed.Subsequently, the strong pathogenic mutation was validated by Sanger sequencing.Results:According to the family survey, there were five patients with ILD in the family, including three males and two females.One of them died.The surfactant protein C(SFTPC)gene(exon4, c.342G>T, p.K114N)was found in all four surviving patients.The mutation was considered to be originated from the father of the proband, and the pathogenic mutation was considered, which was not included in the databases and was a noval mutation.In addition, the clinical manifestations of different patients in the family were significantly different.Conclusion:The novel mutation of p. k114n in SFTPC gene can lead to ILD in children, and the mutation has incomplete exons in family members.Chest CT and whole exon sequencing play an important role in the diagnosis of ILD in children.

In this paper, we established magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) model for rat tumor using the finite element software COMSOL based on the linear response theory. By analyzing four kinds of magnetic medium within relaxation mechanism, such as Fe O 、FeCo、fccFePt and L1 FePt, we studied the influence of the change of magnetic medium radius on dissipation power and temperature field, respectively. At the same time, the optimization method for the parameters of several magnetic medium is proposed, and the applications of four kinds of magnetic medium are given as well. By increasing the dissipation power of the magnetic medium as much as possible, the dose of magnetic medium used in the treatment can be reduced, meanwhile, the adverse effects on health tissue surrounding the tumor will be minimized. The conclusions of this paper can provide reference for magnetic medium preparation applied to MFH.
Animals ; Hot Temperature ; Hyperthermia, Induced ; Magnetics ; Neoplasms ; therapy ; Rats