Major depressive disorder in adolescents is a serious psychiatric condition characterized by profound impairment in psychosocial functioning. Its primary symptoms include low mood, irritability, and anhedonia. Although pharmacological treatments and psychotherapy are currently recommended as first-line treatments, their effectiveness is limited, and pharmacological treatments may carry the risk of increased suicidal ideation. Therefore, exploring new, effective, and safe treatment options is an urgent priority. In recent years, intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), a novel form of transcranial magnetic stimulation, has shown promising results in treating treatment-resistant depression in adults, drawing growing interest in its potential use in adolescents. iTBS modulates neural activity through magnetic stimulation of the cerebral cortex and has been shown to alleviate depressive symptoms, particularly when targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Given the high neuroplasticity of the adolescent brain during this critical developmental stage, adolescents may exhibit heightened sensitivity to iTBS, resulting in more enduring neuroregulatory effects. Research highlights the importance of precise targeting and individualized adjustment of stimulation intensity for optimal therapeutic outcomes. Additionally, accelerated iTBS (aiTBS) protocols have demonstrated faster clinical effects in treating acute or severe depression in adolescents, improving treatment adherence and partially mitigating suicidal tendencies. This review summarizes recent progress in the application of iTBS in adolescent depression, with a focus on its mechanisms, treatment parameters, and related research. The goal is to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the clinical application of iTBS in adolescent depression care.

Objective:To analyze the efficacy and safety of splenic artery occlusion combined with microwave ablation (MWA) in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicated with liver cirrhosis and hypersplenism.Methods:Clinical data of 24 patients with HCC complicated with cirrhosis and secondary hypersplenism admitted to Airport Hospital of Tianjin Cancer Hospital from August 2023 to May 2024 were retrospectively analyzed, including 13 males and 11 females, aged (57.4±7.8) years. All patients were treated with splenic artery occlusion combined with MWA of spleen. Spleen volume measured by MRI before and after MWA, blood routine changes and postoperative complications (fever, bleeding, pain, renal failure and thrombosis) were analyzed.Results:The splenic volume of 24 patients measured by MRI before MWA was 692.4 (504.7, 1023.7) cm 3, and decreased to 225.0 (186.4, 285.6) cm 3 after treatment for 60 days ( Z=-3.23, P=0.001). The red blood cell counts were comparable before and after microwave ablation. The white blood cell count before MWA was 4.3 (3.2, 5.3)×10 9/L, which increased to 11.0 (8.6, 15.8)×10 9/L three days after treatment, and to 5.0 (3.3, 6.1)×10 9/L 90 days after treatment ( Z=-4.70, -0.34, P<0.001, P=0.732). The platelet count of the patients was 47.0 (39.0, 67.0)×10 9/L before MWA, which increased to 155.0 (120.3, 214.3)×10 9/L seven days after Treatment, and to 77.0 (63.0, 125.0)×10 9/L 90 days after treatment ( Z=-5.29, -2.51, P<0.001, P=0.012). None of the patients had obvious bleeding and no death occured. One patient (4.2%) developed renal failure, one patient (4.2%) had splenic venous thrombosis, 4 patients (16.7%) had pain of different degrees, and 5 patients (20.8%) had low fever. Conclusion:Splenic artery occlusion combined with MWA in the treatment of HCC complicated with liver cirrhosis and hypersplenism can significantly reduce spleen volume and increase platelet level with acceptable complications.

Major depressive disorder in adolescents is a serious psychiatric condition characterized by profound impairment in psychosocial functioning. Its primary symptoms include low mood, irritability, and anhedonia. Although pharmacological treatments and psychotherapy are currently recommended as first-line treatments, their effectiveness is limited, and pharmacological treatments may carry the risk of increased suicidal ideation. Therefore, exploring new, effective, and safe treatment options is an urgent priority. In recent years, intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), a novel form of transcranial magnetic stimulation, has shown promising results in treating treatment-resistant depression in adults, drawing growing interest in its potential use in adolescents. iTBS modulates neural activity through magnetic stimulation of the cerebral cortex and has been shown to alleviate depressive symptoms, particularly when targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Given the high neuroplasticity of the adolescent brain during this critical developmental stage, adolescents may exhibit heightened sensitivity to iTBS, resulting in more enduring neuroregulatory effects. Research highlights the importance of precise targeting and individualized adjustment of stimulation intensity for optimal therapeutic outcomes. Additionally, accelerated iTBS (aiTBS) protocols have demonstrated faster clinical effects in treating acute or severe depression in adolescents, improving treatment adherence and partially mitigating suicidal tendencies. This review summarizes recent progress in the application of iTBS in adolescent depression, with a focus on its mechanisms, treatment parameters, and related research. The goal is to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the clinical application of iTBS in adolescent depression care.

Objective:To analyze the efficacy and safety of splenic artery occlusion combined with microwave ablation (MWA) in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicated with liver cirrhosis and hypersplenism.Methods:Clinical data of 24 patients with HCC complicated with cirrhosis and secondary hypersplenism admitted to Airport Hospital of Tianjin Cancer Hospital from August 2023 to May 2024 were retrospectively analyzed, including 13 males and 11 females, aged (57.4±7.8) years. All patients were treated with splenic artery occlusion combined with MWA of spleen. Spleen volume measured by MRI before and after MWA, blood routine changes and postoperative complications (fever, bleeding, pain, renal failure and thrombosis) were analyzed.Results:The splenic volume of 24 patients measured by MRI before MWA was 692.4 (504.7, 1023.7) cm 3, and decreased to 225.0 (186.4, 285.6) cm 3 after treatment for 60 days ( Z=-3.23, P=0.001). The red blood cell counts were comparable before and after microwave ablation. The white blood cell count before MWA was 4.3 (3.2, 5.3)×10 9/L, which increased to 11.0 (8.6, 15.8)×10 9/L three days after treatment, and to 5.0 (3.3, 6.1)×10 9/L 90 days after treatment ( Z=-4.70, -0.34, P<0.001, P=0.732). The platelet count of the patients was 47.0 (39.0, 67.0)×10 9/L before MWA, which increased to 155.0 (120.3, 214.3)×10 9/L seven days after Treatment, and to 77.0 (63.0, 125.0)×10 9/L 90 days after treatment ( Z=-5.29, -2.51, P<0.001, P=0.012). None of the patients had obvious bleeding and no death occured. One patient (4.2%) developed renal failure, one patient (4.2%) had splenic venous thrombosis, 4 patients (16.7%) had pain of different degrees, and 5 patients (20.8%) had low fever. Conclusion:Splenic artery occlusion combined with MWA in the treatment of HCC complicated with liver cirrhosis and hypersplenism can significantly reduce spleen volume and increase platelet level with acceptable complications.

Bluetongue virus is an arbovirus that seriously harms ruminants such as sheep,this study aims to investigate the molecular mechanism of bluetongue virus infection and host cell interferon antiviral immune response.The study was conducted to characterize the mRNA expression of inter-feron pathway genes by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR,as well as Western blot analysis of MDA5,TRAF3,RIG-Ⅰ,and TBK1 protein expression in BHK-21 cells induced by BTV with a multiplicity of infections(MOI)of 1 for 18,24,and 36 h.The results showed that the most pro-nounced changes in the expression of interferon signaling pathway genes were observed at 24 h of induction,the gene mRNA expression levels of the IFN-α,IFN-β,RIG-Ⅰ,TBK1,MDA5,VISA,and TRAF3 genes were upregulated.However,the mRNA expression levels of IKKε and TRAF6 genes were downregulated.At the protein level,MDA5 and TBK1 proteins were upregulated while RIG-1 and TRAF3 proteins were downregulated,which showed that BTV infection induces a typeⅠ interferon immune response in BHK-21 cells.This study lays the foundation for further exploring the antiviral immunity mechanism of IFN-Ⅰ signaling pathway regulatory genes in host cells infected with BTV infection.

Objective To explore the value of prophylactic anticoagulation in the 28-day prognosis of patients with severe COVID-19.Methods The clinical data of COVID-19 patients admitted to Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from December 2022 to January 2023 were collected,including age,gender,past medical history,routine blood test,liver and renal function,procalcitonin,coagulation function,Padua prediction score,antiviral therapy,hormonotherapy,immunotherapy and anticoagulation therapy.The patients were divided into an anticoagula-tion group and a non-anticoagulation group.The differences in various indicators were compared between the two groups.Cox regression was performed to assess the independent risk factors for 28-day mortality and the anticoagula-tion efficacy between the subgroups.Results Among 158 patients,128 received anticoagulation;There were significant differences between the two groups in case number of hypertension and critical condition,lymphocyte count,prothrombin time,D-dimer,and case number of immunotherapy.COX logistic regression showed that antico-agulation(HR = 2.25,95%CI:1.01～5.01,P = 0.048)was an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality of COVID-19 patients within 28 days.Subgroup analysis showed that anticoagulation therapy led to an increase in the 28-day mortality as level of procalcitonin of≥0.5 pg/mL(HR = 2.72,95%CI:1.05～7.04)or D-dimer of<2 000 ng/mL(HR = 9.16,95%CI:1.63～51.48).Conclusions Prophylactic anticoagulation did not reduce all-cause mortality of COVID-19 within 28 days.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in very preterm infants(VPI), and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of BPD in VPI.Methods:A prospective multicenter study was designed to collect the clinical data of VPI in department of neonatology of 28 hospitals in 7 regions from September 2019 to December 2020.According to the continuous oxygen dependence at 28 days after birth, VPI were divided into non BPD group and BPD group, and the risk factors of BPD in VPI were analyzed.Results:A total of 2 514 cases of VPI including 1 364 cases without BPD and 1 150 cases with BPD were enrolled.The incidence of BPD was 45.7%.The smaller the gestational age and weight, the higher the incidence of BPD( P<0.001). Compared with non BPD group, the average birth age, weight and cesarean section rate in BPD group were lower, and the incidence of male infants, small for gestational age and 5-minute apgar score≤7 were higher( P<0.01). In BPD group, the incidences of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS), hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus, retinopathy of prematurity, feeding intolerance, extrauterine growth restriction, grade Ⅲ~Ⅳ intracranial hemorrhage, anemia, early-onset and late-onset sepsis, nosocomial infection, parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis were higher( P<0.05), the use of pulmonary surfactant(PS), postnatal hormone exposure, anemia and blood transfusion were also higher, and the time of invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation, oxygen use and total hospital stay were longer( P<0.001). The time of starting enteral nutrition, cumulative fasting days, days of reaching total enteral nutrition, days of continuous parenteral nutrition, days of reaching 110 kcal/(kg·d) total calorie, days of reaching 110 kcal/(kg·d) oral calorie were longer and the breastfeeding rate was lower in BPD group than those in non BPD group( P<0.001). The cumulative doses of amino acid and fat emulsion during the first week of hospitalization were higher in BPD group( P<0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that NRDS, invasive mechanical ventilation, age of reaching total enteral nutrition, anemia and blood transfusion were the independent risk factors for BPD in VPI, and older gestational age was the protective factor for BPD. Conclusion:Strengthening perinatal management, avoiding premature delivery and severe NRDS, shortening the time of invasive mechanical ventilation, paying attention to enteral nutrition management, reaching whole intestinal feeding as soon as possible, and strictly mastering the indications of blood transfusion are very important to reduce the incidence of BPD in VPI.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational application of Levofloxacin hydrochloride injection in the clinic. METHODS:With reference to the package insert of Levofloxacin hydrochloride injection,the guiding principles of clinical use of antibiotics,by reviewing related literatures,based on the weighted TOPSIS methods,detailed rules for drug utilization review (DUR) of Levofloxacin hydrochloride injection were made. And then 100 archived medical records of Levofloxacin hydrochloride injection in the first half of 2014 were evaluated in respect of medication rationality based on these rules. RESULTS:Among 100 cases,relative proximity of 51 cases was more than 70%(51.0%);that of 37 was between 50%-70%(37.0%);that of 12 cases was between 30%-50%(12.0%). CONCLUSIONS:Established DUR method of Levofloxacin hydrochloride injection on the basis of weighted TOPSIS methods can be used to evaluate the rationality of drug use and promote more rational evaluation behavior. And the results indicate that unreasonable use of Levofloxacin hydrochloride injection is still common in the hospital.

This paper analyzed the moral construction in the prenatal diagnosis of surgical nursing and nursing features, including:strictness and complexity , professional and comprehensive , collaborative, and independence , carry out from the patients with preoperative evaluation , operation and postoperative effect evaluation every link and detail, with the theory of nursing ethics to guide and standardize nursing , dealing with the relation between various ethic, improve patient satisfaction , based on the premise of mutual modern relationship between nurses and pa-tients.

Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of prenatal ultrasound for detecting fetal cleft lip and palate,and the diagnosis rate of associated congenital structural and chromosomal abnormalities.Methods Thirty one thousand two hundred and forty five singleton pregnant women accepted prenatal examination and delivered in Guangzhou Women & Children' s Medical Center from Jan.2006 to Dec.2010 were recruited in this study.All pregnant women underwent prenatal ultrasound screening during second trimester,and whose fetuses were suspected to be cleft lip and palate were suggested to accept karyotype analysis.All babies delivered received oral examination to diagnose cleft lip and palate.Results Cleft lip and palate was diagnosed in 48 cases (1.5‰,48/31 245).Among which,there were 16 cases (33.3％,16/48) of cleft lip,21 cases (43.8％,21/48) of cleft lip with cleft palate and 11 cases (22.9％,11/48) of cleft palate.Prenatal ultrasound screening suggested 18 cases of cleft lip and 14 cases were comfirmed after birth with the accuracy rate of 77.8％,3 cases were diagnosed to be cleft lip with cleft palate and one cases was misdiagnosed.Prenatal ultrasound screening suggested 18 cases of cleft lip with cleft palate in accordance with the diagnosis after birth.Thirteen cases were normal in prenatal ultrasound screening,but two were diagnosed as cleft lip and 11 were diagnosed as cleft palate after birth.The sensitivity of prenatal ultrasound screening for cleft lip and cleft lip with cleft palate was 86.5％(32/37),and the sensitivity for cleft lip and palate was 66.7％ (32/48),the false positive rate was 2.1％ (1/48).Ten cases (27.8％,10/36) of cleft lip with cleft palate were found to be complicated with other abnormalities.Nine of the 18 cases prenatally diagnosed cleft lip with cleft palate accepted karyotype analysis and 7 were abnormal.Twenty-three of 36 cases with fetal cleft lip and palate in prenatal ultrasound screening were induced.Conclusions Ultrasound screening has a high sensitivity for detection of cleft lip with or without cleft palate,but difficult to detect cleft palate.The risk of combining with chromosomal defects in cleft lip fetus is very low,but might increase once associated with cleft palate.