In order to investigate the feasibility of the extract from Cyclocarya paliurus as an additive in cigarettes,the volatile aromatic components were analyzed by gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry(GC-IMS),and C.paliurus extract was pyrolyzed to simulate cigarette smoking by TGA-GC/MS.The cracking products of C.paliurus were analyzed in a nitrogen environment,and the possible cracking mechanism of the products was reasonably speculated.The results showed that aldehydes,alcohols,and ketones were the primary volatile aroma components of the C.paliurus extract,comprising 62.28%of the total aroma components.The cracking products of C.paliurus extract varied greatly under different temperature conditions.A total of 79 compounds were identified at 200,360,and 440℃,among which 24 aromatic components were clearly identified as having significant effects on cigarette style,including aldehydes,ketones,alcohols,phenols,furans,benzene series,and other natural aromatic substances.Among them,phenols containing a high concentration are mainly formed by compounds containing the structure of guaiacol unit and eugenol unit by side chain cleavage,demethylation,demethoxylation,dehydration,etc.Furan and its derivatives are mainly formed by glycosides or glycoside compounds by breaking glucoside bonds and dehydration.

Objective:To explore the cause of inconsistency between the results of trisomy 7 by expanded non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT-PLUS) and trisomy 18 by prenatal diagnosis.Methods:A pregnant woman who received genetic counseling at Jiaozuo Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital on July 5, 2020 was selected as the study subject. NIPT-PLUS, systematic ultrasound and interventional prenatal testing were carried out. The middle segment and root of umbilical cord, center and edge of the maternal and fatal surface of the placenta were sampled for the validation by copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq).Results:The result of NIPT-PLUS indicated that the fetus has trisomy 7. Systematic ultrasound has shown multiple malformations including atrioventricular septal defect, horseshoe kidney, and rocker-bottom feet. However, QF-PCR, chromosomal karyotyping analysis, and CNV-seq of amniotic fluid samples all showed that the fetus was trisomy 18. Validation using multiple placental samples confirmed that the middle segment of the umbilical cord contains trisomy 18, the center of the placenta contained trisomy 7, and other placental sites were mosaicism for trisomy 7 and trisomy 18. Notably, the ratio of trisomy 18 became lower further away from the umbilical cord.Conclusion:The false positive results of trisomy 7 and false negative trisomy 18 by NIPT-PLUS was probably due to the existence of placental mosaicism. Strict prenatal diagnosis is required needed aneuploidy is detected by NIPT-PLUS to exclude the influence of placental mosaicisms.

Objective To establish the drug use evaluation(DUE)standard of lauromacrogol,evaluate its clinical use,and provide a reference for rational clinical application.Methods Based on the drug instructions,related relevant guidelines and literature of lauromacrogol,the DUE standard was formulated through the expert consultation method.A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the drug utilization of lauromacrogol in hospitalized patients in 3 201 Hospital of Xi'an Jiao tong University in Shaanxi province from January 2021 to August 2022.Results A total of 143 medical records were included,48(33.57％)of which fully met the evaluation criteria.Unreasonable use was mainly manifested as inappropriate indications(65.03％)and unsuitable usage and dosage(1.40％).The unreasonable indications are mainly due to the existence of off-label medication.Conclusion The established DUE standard of lauromacrogol has a certain reference effect on the rational use of lauromacrogol in clinical practice.Irrational usages still exists in the clinical application of lauromacrogol in the hospital,and interventions should be developed to optimize its clinical application and promote the rational drug use.

Objective:To explore the correlation between endogenous sex hormone factors and sexual function in Chinese women.Methods:A total of 711 women who met the criteria were investigated in the Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Chaoyang District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing Chaoyang District Taiyanggong Community Health Service Centre from April 2020 to March 2021. Sociodemographic data (data split into two groups according to educational background: high school or above and lower high school; and three categories based on marital relationship: satisfied, average, and dissatisfied) and serum levels of sex hormones were collected. Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) was evaluated using the female sexual function index (FSFI). Participants were divided into three groups according to the Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop (STRAW+10): reproductive stage group, menopausal transition stage group and postmenopausal stage group. Spearman rank correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to determine the correlation between characteristics and scores of FSFI.Results:The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that postmenopausal stage, secondary education level, neutral and dissatisfied marital relations were significantly negatively correlated with total FSFI score (all P<0.01). Secondary education level, neutral and dissatisfied marital relations were negatively associated with nearly all FSFI domains apart from pain score (all P<0.05); postmenopausal stage was negatively associated with lubrication, satisfaction and pain (all P<0.05). FSH was negatively associated with all FSFI domain scores (all P<0.05). There was a significantly positive correlation between estradiol and scores of FSFI dimensions other than orgasm and satisfaction (all P<0.05). Total testosterone positively affected the score of total FSFI and desire (all P<0.05); free testosterone was positively related to orgasm ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Estradiol and total testosterone serve as protective factors for female sexual function.

Objective:To explore the correlation between endogenous sex hormone factors and sexual function in Chinese women.Methods:A total of 711 women who met the criteria were investigated in the Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Chaoyang District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing Chaoyang District Taiyanggong Community Health Service Centre from April 2020 to March 2021. Sociodemographic data (data split into two groups according to educational background: high school or above and lower high school; and three categories based on marital relationship: satisfied, average, and dissatisfied) and serum levels of sex hormones were collected. Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) was evaluated using the female sexual function index (FSFI). Participants were divided into three groups according to the Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop (STRAW+10): reproductive stage group, menopausal transition stage group and postmenopausal stage group. Spearman rank correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to determine the correlation between characteristics and scores of FSFI.Results:The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that postmenopausal stage, secondary education level, neutral and dissatisfied marital relations were significantly negatively correlated with total FSFI score (all P<0.01). Secondary education level, neutral and dissatisfied marital relations were negatively associated with nearly all FSFI domains apart from pain score (all P<0.05); postmenopausal stage was negatively associated with lubrication, satisfaction and pain (all P<0.05). FSH was negatively associated with all FSFI domain scores (all P<0.05). There was a significantly positive correlation between estradiol and scores of FSFI dimensions other than orgasm and satisfaction (all P<0.05). Total testosterone positively affected the score of total FSFI and desire (all P<0.05); free testosterone was positively related to orgasm ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Estradiol and total testosterone serve as protective factors for female sexual function.

【Objective】 To explore the relationship between the storage time of leukodepleted red blood cells and transfusion adverse reactions by analyzing the occurrence of transfusion adverse reactions of patients after leukodepleted red blood cells transfusion from four hospitals. 【Methods】 By using the electronic medical record management system, the collection and transfusion dates of leukodepleted red blood cells from four hospitals in Enshi Prefecture from 2018 to 2022, as well as the information on transfusion adverse reactions, were retrieved. 【Results】 From 2018 to 2022, a total of 697 61 bags of leukodepleted red blood cells were transfused in four hospitals, resulting in 166 cases of transfusion adverse reactions, among which 93 were allergic reactions, 63 were non hemolytic febrile reactions, and 10 were others, with a total incidence rate of transfusion adverse reactions at 0.24%. The average storage time of leukodepleted red blood cells with and without transfusion adverse reactions was (20.25±6.31) and (19.88±5.50) days, respectively. With a storage time of 7 days as the threshold, the incidence of transfusion adverse reactions was the lowest for a storage time of 15~21 days. The incidence of transfusion adverse reactions of leukodepleted red blood cells in two groups (with storage days ≤21 days and >21 days) was not statistically significant(P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 Allergic reactions were the main type of transfusion adverse reaction caused by leukodepleted red blood cells, and the incidence of transfusion adverse reactions decreased and then increased with the prolongation of the storage time of leukodepleted red blood cells. There was no significant difference in the incidence of transfusion adverse reactions with leukodepleted red blood cells stored for ≤ 21 days and >21 days.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features, characteristics under white-light endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography, and treatment strategies of gastritis cystica profunda (GCP) accompanied with or without neoplastic lesions.Methods:Clinical data of 35 patients, who were pathologically diagnosed as having GCP after endoscopic or surgical resection in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2015 to February 2021, were retrospectively collected, including 27 patients with neoplastic lesions. The demographic information, clinical manifestations, endoscopic features, treatment methods, and pathological results of GCP were summarized.Results:Thirty-five patients with GCP were 68.26±8.08 years old, and mostly male (80.00%, 28/35). The most common symptom was upper abdominal pain, accounting for 31.43% (11/35), and 25.71% (9/35) had no symptoms. Other symptoms included acid reflux, heartburn, abdominal distension, anemia, and choking sensation after eating. The most common site of GCP was cardia (51.43%, 18/35), and the main endoscopic manifestations of GCP were flat mucosal lesions (68.57%, 24/35), mainly 0-Ⅱa and 0-Ⅱa+Ⅱc type lesions, accounting for 66.67% (16/24). The second common endoscopic manifestation was polypoid eminence (20.00%, 7/35). Endoscopic ultrasonography was performed in 15 patients, with main manifestations of uniform hypoechoic with or without cystic echo (73.33%, 11/15). Among the GCP cases, 33 patients received endoscopic resection, and 2 received surgical treatment. The treatment processes were all successfully completed, and en-bloc resection was accomplished for all lesions receiving endoscopy, with the mean endoscopic operation time of 86.13 min. One patient suffered postoperative delayed bleeding after ESD which was stopped by endoscopic hemostasis. Final pathological results showed that the proportion of GCP complicated with neoplastic lesions was 77.14% (27/35), 68.57% (24/35) with early gastric cancer or precursor. Twenty-three cases achieved R0 resection. One case showed positive basal resection margin and vascular invasion, and recurrence happened in situ at the 5th month of follow-up, surgical resection was then performed. The endoscopic complete resection rate was 95.83% (23/24).Conclusion:GCP usually occurs in middle-aged and elderly male, often located in cardia, manifested mainly as flat mucosal lesions and polypoid changes. Endoscopic ultrasonography shows a high diagnostic value for GCP, and endoscopic treatment is safe and effective minimally invasive treatment for GCP.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the value of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) for the analysis of 824 samples from miscarriage or stillbirth. METHODS: Copy number variations (CNVs) in the abortic chorionic villi or stillbirth tissues were detected by CMA. RESULTS: All specimens were successfully analyzed, among which 381 (46.2%) were diagnosed with chromosomal abnormalities, which included 312 (81.9%) numerical abnormalities, 66 (17.3%) structural abnormalities and 3 (0.8%) uniparental disomies. Among numerical chromosomal abnormalities, aneuploidies was most common (92.0%), with trisomy 16 and 45,X accounting for 41 (13.1%) and 63 (20.2%) of the cases, respectively. Among the 66 structural chromosomal aberrations, there were 26 (39.4%) CNVs duplications, 20 (30.3%) CNVs deletions, and 20 (30.3%) CNVs duplication and deletions. 33 CNVs were predicted as have a high chance to lead to a disease. CONCLUSION CMA is a reliable, robust, and high-resolution method for the analysis of miscarriage or stillbirth samples. Numerical aberrations, in particular chromosomal aneuploides, are the main cause for spontaneous abortions and stillbirths.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; genetics ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosome Disorders ; diagnosis ; genetics ; DNA Copy Number Variations ; Female ; Humans ; Microarray Analysis ; Pregnancy ; Stillbirth ; genetics

Objective:To detect the levels of cytokines in peripheral blood of patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and analyze their significance in the clinical prognosis of children with chronic ITP.Methods:Thirty patients with chronic ITP who were treated in the Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical Univercity from October 2015 to October 2018 were followed and enrolled in the experimental group and 40 healthy children in the same hospital were enrolled in the healthy control group.The levels of interleukin-2(IL-2), interferon-γ(IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor(TNF), interleukin-4(IL-4), interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-10(IL-10) and interleukin-17A(IL-17A) in the experimental group and the healthy control group were detected by flow cytometry (CBA). The relationship between cytokines and prognosis of children with chronic ITP were analyzed.Results:Thirty patients with ITP were enrolled. The expressions of IL-2 and IL-17A in the experimental group before treatment were (7.86±3.90) ng/L and (10.45±12.35) ng/L, while those of IL-2 and IL-17A in the healthy control group were (3.11±2.41) ng/L and (2.97±7.04) ng/L. The levels of IL-2 and IL-17A in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=-7.123, -5.582, all P<0.01). The expressions of IL-4 and IL-10 in the experimental group before treatment were (0.38±0.25) ng/L and (1.80±1.25) ng/L, while those of IL-4 and IL-10 in the healthy control group were (3.08±0.26) ng/L and (4.55±3.44) ng/L. The levels of IL-4 and IL-10 in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the healthy control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=8.400, 5.653, all P<0.01). The expressions of IL-6, TNF and IFN-γ in the experimental group before treatment were (7.30±9.16) ng/L, (4.85±7.60) ng/L and (7.68±20.41) ng/L, while those of IL-6, TNF and IFN-γ in the healthy control group were (5.44±4.18) ng/L, (1.97±0.37) ng/L, (4.81±17.71) ng/L. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05), and no significant difference in the levels of cytokines between the patients with chronic ITP before and 12 months after treatment ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The changes of T lymphocyte related cytokines are closely related to the pathogenesis and development of chronic ITP in children. There may be persistent immune dysfunction in children with chronic ITP. Dynamic monitoring of cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-17A, especially IL-17A, is helpful to judge the prognosis of ITP in children, and may be of guiding significance in evaluating clinical prognosis.

[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the effect of miR-3195 on the proliferation of laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells and its molecular mechanism. Methods: From January 2008 to August 2012, the laryngeal cancer tissues and their corresponding paracancerous tissues from 29 patients with laryngeal cancer who were admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Chenzhou First People's Hospital Affiliated to teaching hospital of University of South China were selected for this study. qPCR was used to detect the expression of miR-3195 in laryngeal carcinoma and the paracancerous tissues; Hep-2 cell line with stable and high expression of miR-3195 was constructed. The proliferation of miR-3195 over-expressed Hep-2 cells and the control cells was observed by MTT method. A nude mouse xenograft model was established to observe the proliferation of miR-3195 overexpressed Hep-2 cells in nude mice. Bioinformatics tools were used to predict the target gene of miR-3195; the luciferase vector of TBX1 3'UTR was constructed, and its luciferase activity was examined with dual luciferase detection system; Western blotting was used to detect the TBX1 protein expression in miR-3195 over-expressed cells and control cells. Results: The expression of miR-3195 in laryngeal carcinoma tissues was significantly lower than that in paracancerous tissues (P<0.01); miR-3195 up-regulation could inhibit the proliferation of Hep-2 cells (P<0.01) and significantly inhibit the growth of transplanted tumors in nude mice (P<0.05); The results of the Dual luciferase reporter gene assay indicated that miR-3195 might targetedly bind to TBX1 (P<0.05), and Western blotting proved that miR-3195 could inhibit the expression of TBX1 protein (P<0.05). Conclusion: miR-3195 has a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of Hep-2 cells, and its molecular mechanism may be related to the negative regulation of TBX1 expression.