Objective: To analyze the characteristics and key risk factors of abnormal blood disposal throughout the 2024-2025 blood collection and supply process based on nationwide multi-site monitoring data, develop a comprehensive prevention and control strategy across the entire chain, reduce preventable blood waste, and ensure clinical blood safety. Methods: According to the Guidelines for Haemovigilance (T/CSBT 001-2026), we extracted 74 cases of abnormal blood disposal events reported by the China Blood Transfusion Association′s Blood Safety Monitoring System from January 1 2024, to December 31 2025, and conducted descriptive statistical analysis on the distribution of events, types of deviations, root causes, and classifications of disposal manifestations. Results: A total of 664 adverse events related to blood collection and supply were reported over two years, with 74 cases involving discarded abnormal blood units, accounting for 11.1% of the total. Among these, blood component preparation (40.5%) and blood collection (37.8%) remained traditional high-risk stages. The proportion of blood waste occurring during storage, distribution, and transportation increased from 7.7% in 2024 to 34.3% in 2025. Deviations from standard operating procedures (SOP) by personnel were the primary cause, accounting for 74.3% of cases. Discarded blood units were categorized into four types: compromised closed blood bag systems (40 cases), mainly due to inadequate heat sealing, physical damage, or dropped bags; blood out of the cold chain (12 cases), primarily resulting from blood being left at work sites; imbalanced proportion of preservation solution (10 cases), mostly caused by blood collection volumes exceeding the standard capacity of blood bags; and other causes (12 cases). Conclusion: Human operational errors are the core cause of abnormal blood waste. The collection and preparation stages have long been at high-risk, and the risks in the storage and transportation stages have been increasing year by year. We should focus on standardizing personnel management, improving specialized operation norms such as heat sealing, transportation, and storage, establishing a full-process intelligent cold chain monitoring and multi-node visual verification mechanism, and systematically reducing the occurrence rate of abnormal blood waste through a closed-loop quality intervention system, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of voluntary blood donation resources.

Objective:To construct a classification management model on the basis of Kraljic matrix for electrocardiogram(ECG)monitoring equipment in emergency intensive care unit(ICU),so as to explore its application value in the management for ECG monitoring equipment in emergency ICU.Methods:The classification management model on the basis of index for ECG monitoring equipment in emergency ICU was constructed.According to two classification dimensions included the market supply risk and the self-value,an indicator system of classification management,which aimed at strategic materials with high value and high risk,leverage materials with high value and low risk,bottleneck materials with low value and high risk,and conventional materials with low value and low risk,was constructed.A total of fifty-one ECG monitoring equipment in the emergency ICU of The People's Hospital of Longhua of Shenzhen from January to December 2023 were selected,and they were managed respectively by conventional management mode(25 sets)and classification management mode(26 sets)according to different management modes.The standardization level of operation management for equipment,the occurrence of safety risk and the level of management for equipment of the two management modes were compared,and the satisfaction of 30 relative personnel,who used and managed these equipment,for classification management of equipment also were compared.Results:The average values of the percentage of standardization level of normality of equipment operation,disinfection and sterilization,maintenance and fault repair of using classification management mode were respectively(91.58±4.33)%,(92.1±3.28)%,(91.49±3.54)%and(92.58±3.32)%,all of which were higher than those of conventional management mode,and the differences were statistically significant(t=12.537,15.706,14.196,18.946,P<0.05),repsectively.The average incidences of the risk of pressure injury,electrical injury and body fluid extravasation of adopting classification management mode were respectively(2.54±0.87)%,(3.02±0.82)%and(1.29±0.65)%,all of which were lower than those of adopting conventional management mode,and the differences were statistically significant(t=22.825,17.453,24.424,P<0.05),respectively.The satisfaction scores of 30 relative management personnel,who used equipment on the process rationality,system standardization and quality effectiveness,of adopting classification management mode were respectively(94.26±3.54),(92.57±4.36)and(91.87±3.69),all of which were higher than those of conventional management mode,and the differences were statistically significant(t=14.052,13.991,13.551,P<0.05),respectively.The reasonable placement rate,recording rate of standardization,and intact rate of equipment in the 26 equipment by adopting classification management mode were respectively 92.31%,92.31%and 88.46%,all of which were significantly higher than those by adopting conventional management mode,and the differences were statistical significant(x2=12.052,10.398,11.338,P<0.05).Conclusion:The classification management model of ECG monitoring equipment in emergency ICU can increase the management efficiency for the equipment in operating room of hospital,and improve the operation quality of equipment,and enhance the safety of equipment in clinical use,and the standardization of operation management for equipment.

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Fujian Province from the 49th week of 2022 to the 5th week of 2023,after further optimization of China's COVID-19 prevention and control measures on December 7,2022(the 49th week of 2022),this study used multi-dimensional surveillance data to dynamically assess population infection levels and their changing trends.The aim of the study was to provide a scientific basis for early warning of epidemic risk,medical resource allocation,and evalu-ation of socio-economic impact.A multi-source data surveillance system was constructed,encompassing surveillance of fever clinics at medical institutions(weekly collection of visits,positive nucleic acid and antigen test results,inpatients,and severe cases in sec-ondary or above hospitals),population nucleic acid test monitoring(weekly person-times and positivity rates of single-tube tests from the provincial system),sentinel hospital monitoring(weekly proportion of influenza-like illness visits at 18 sentinel hospitals and re-lated viral testing data),and monitoring of novel coronavirus variants(weekly systematic collection of genomic sequences of local and imported cases).Line charts were plotted weekly,and time series analysis,molecular epidemiological methods,and an improved SEIAR model were used to simulate epidemic spread.During the study period,the COVID-19 epidemic in Fujian Province exhibited three distinct stages.In the infection peak stage(52nd week of 2022),the provincial fever clinic visits reached 606 893 person-times,and a 49.2%positivity rate in population single-tube nucleic acid tests and 63.8%positivity rate in sentinel hospital monitoring were observed.In the medical load peak stage(2nd week of 2023),274 460 inpatients and 28 487 severe cases were recorded.In the epidemic decline stage(4th to 5th weeks of 2023),fever clinic visits decreased by 96.3%with respect to the peak,the single-tube nucleic acid test positivity rate decreased to 6.3%,and the sentinel hospital COVID-19 nucleic acid test positivity rate was 6.4%.All 508 sequenced local cases were Omicron variants,predominantly BA.5.2 and its sub-lineages(67.4%).Among 56 imported se-quenced cases,BA.5.2 and its sub-lineages accounted for 50.0%,and 16.1%comprised nine variants of interest including XBB and BQ.The model predicted the infection peak in the 52nd week of 2022,whereas the hospitalization peak lagged by approximately 10.6 days.Multi-source data monitoring revealed a three-stage development of the COVID-19 epidemic in Fujian.The BA.5.2 strain was dominant during the epidemic.The combination of multi-source monitoring data and modeling provides important references for epi-demic prevention and control,and highlights the need to improve the monitoring system in follow-up.

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Fujian Province from the 49th week of 2022 to the 5th week of 2023,after further optimization of China's COVID-19 prevention and control measures on December 7,2022(the 49th week of 2022),this study used multi-dimensional surveillance data to dynamically assess population infection levels and their changing trends.The aim of the study was to provide a scientific basis for early warning of epidemic risk,medical resource allocation,and evalu-ation of socio-economic impact.A multi-source data surveillance system was constructed,encompassing surveillance of fever clinics at medical institutions(weekly collection of visits,positive nucleic acid and antigen test results,inpatients,and severe cases in sec-ondary or above hospitals),population nucleic acid test monitoring(weekly person-times and positivity rates of single-tube tests from the provincial system),sentinel hospital monitoring(weekly proportion of influenza-like illness visits at 18 sentinel hospitals and re-lated viral testing data),and monitoring of novel coronavirus variants(weekly systematic collection of genomic sequences of local and imported cases).Line charts were plotted weekly,and time series analysis,molecular epidemiological methods,and an improved SEIAR model were used to simulate epidemic spread.During the study period,the COVID-19 epidemic in Fujian Province exhibited three distinct stages.In the infection peak stage(52nd week of 2022),the provincial fever clinic visits reached 606 893 person-times,and a 49.2%positivity rate in population single-tube nucleic acid tests and 63.8%positivity rate in sentinel hospital monitoring were observed.In the medical load peak stage(2nd week of 2023),274 460 inpatients and 28 487 severe cases were recorded.In the epidemic decline stage(4th to 5th weeks of 2023),fever clinic visits decreased by 96.3%with respect to the peak,the single-tube nucleic acid test positivity rate decreased to 6.3%,and the sentinel hospital COVID-19 nucleic acid test positivity rate was 6.4%.All 508 sequenced local cases were Omicron variants,predominantly BA.5.2 and its sub-lineages(67.4%).Among 56 imported se-quenced cases,BA.5.2 and its sub-lineages accounted for 50.0%,and 16.1%comprised nine variants of interest including XBB and BQ.The model predicted the infection peak in the 52nd week of 2022,whereas the hospitalization peak lagged by approximately 10.6 days.Multi-source data monitoring revealed a three-stage development of the COVID-19 epidemic in Fujian.The BA.5.2 strain was dominant during the epidemic.The combination of multi-source monitoring data and modeling provides important references for epi-demic prevention and control,and highlights the need to improve the monitoring system in follow-up.

Objective:To construct a classification management model on the basis of Kraljic matrix for electrocardiogram(ECG)monitoring equipment in emergency intensive care unit(ICU),so as to explore its application value in the management for ECG monitoring equipment in emergency ICU.Methods:The classification management model on the basis of index for ECG monitoring equipment in emergency ICU was constructed.According to two classification dimensions included the market supply risk and the self-value,an indicator system of classification management,which aimed at strategic materials with high value and high risk,leverage materials with high value and low risk,bottleneck materials with low value and high risk,and conventional materials with low value and low risk,was constructed.A total of fifty-one ECG monitoring equipment in the emergency ICU of The People's Hospital of Longhua of Shenzhen from January to December 2023 were selected,and they were managed respectively by conventional management mode(25 sets)and classification management mode(26 sets)according to different management modes.The standardization level of operation management for equipment,the occurrence of safety risk and the level of management for equipment of the two management modes were compared,and the satisfaction of 30 relative personnel,who used and managed these equipment,for classification management of equipment also were compared.Results:The average values of the percentage of standardization level of normality of equipment operation,disinfection and sterilization,maintenance and fault repair of using classification management mode were respectively(91.58±4.33)%,(92.1±3.28)%,(91.49±3.54)%and(92.58±3.32)%,all of which were higher than those of conventional management mode,and the differences were statistically significant(t=12.537,15.706,14.196,18.946,P<0.05),repsectively.The average incidences of the risk of pressure injury,electrical injury and body fluid extravasation of adopting classification management mode were respectively(2.54±0.87)%,(3.02±0.82)%and(1.29±0.65)%,all of which were lower than those of adopting conventional management mode,and the differences were statistically significant(t=22.825,17.453,24.424,P<0.05),respectively.The satisfaction scores of 30 relative management personnel,who used equipment on the process rationality,system standardization and quality effectiveness,of adopting classification management mode were respectively(94.26±3.54),(92.57±4.36)and(91.87±3.69),all of which were higher than those of conventional management mode,and the differences were statistically significant(t=14.052,13.991,13.551,P<0.05),respectively.The reasonable placement rate,recording rate of standardization,and intact rate of equipment in the 26 equipment by adopting classification management mode were respectively 92.31%,92.31%and 88.46%,all of which were significantly higher than those by adopting conventional management mode,and the differences were statistical significant(x2=12.052,10.398,11.338,P<0.05).Conclusion:The classification management model of ECG monitoring equipment in emergency ICU can increase the management efficiency for the equipment in operating room of hospital,and improve the operation quality of equipment,and enhance the safety of equipment in clinical use,and the standardization of operation management for equipment.

Objective To analyze the effect of Xiaozhi Decoction in the treatment of hyperlipidemiain different classification of physical constitution in TCM.Methods We screened 206 patients with Hyperlipidemia in our hospital and had been treated with drugs during May 2020 to March 2023.Totally 103 patients in the TCM group were treated with Xiaozhi Decoction,103 patients in the western medicine group were treated with atorvastatin.Selected total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and liver transaminase before and after a period of treatment.The non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(non-HDL-C)will be calculated,too.Results In the Phlegm-Dampness constitution,TC,TG,LDL-C and non-HDL-C decreased significantly all in the TCM group(P<0.05);TC,TG and non-HDL-C decreased significantly all in the western medicine group(P<0.05).The TCM group is superior to the western medicine group in TC,LDL-C,non-HDL-C(P<0.05).In the Qi-Deficiency constitution,TC,TG,LDL-C and non-HDL-C decreased significantly all in the TCM group(P<0.05);TC,LDL-C and non-HDL-C decreased significantly all in the western medicine group(P<0.05).The TCM group is superior to the western medicine group in non-HDL-C(P<0.05).In the Blood-Stasis constitution,TC,TG,LDL-C and non-HDL-C decreased significantly all in the western medicine group only(P<0.05).The western medicine group is superior to the TCM group in TC,LDL-C,non-HDL-C(P<0.05).In the Yin-Yang Harmony constitution,TC and non-HDL-C decreased significantly both in the TCM group(P<0.05).TC,LDL-C and non-HDL-C decreased significantly all in the western medicine group(P<0.05).The western medicine group is superior to the TCM group in TC,LDL-C,non-HDL-C(P<0.05).Conclusion Xiaozhi Decoction is superior to the the atorvastatin in the treatment of hyperlipidemia for the Phlegm-Dampness constitution and Qi-deficiency constitution groups.But it is not superior to the atorvastatin in the treatment of hyperlipidemia for the Blood-Stasis constitution and Yin-Yang Harmony constitution groups.

To explore the prevalence and related risk factors of osteoporosis (OP) in the elderly ≥60 years old in Jiuting Town, Songjiang District, Shanghai City. A total of 2 175 local residents aged ≥60 years old who participated in the questionnaire survey at the physical examination center of Jiuting Community Health Service Center, Songjiang District, Shanghai City from July 2021 to December 2022 were selected by a cross-sectional study with multi-stage sampling method. Questionnaire survey, blood test and bone mineral density (BMD) test were conducted.The differences in all the parameters among the elderly with different bone mass level were analyzed using t-test, chi-square test, binary logistic regression was used to screen the potential risk factors of OP.The results showed that the prevalence of OP in the elderly aged≥60 years old in Jiuting Town was 45.89%.The prevalence of OP increased gradually with the advanced age. The prevalence rate of male was significantly lower than that of female( χ2=211.94, P<0.01).Single factor analysis showed that Dairy products( χ2=9.01, P<0.05), taking calcium( χ2=42.88, P<0.05), physical exercise( χ2=24.73, P<0.05), exercise time( χ2=76.40, P<0.05) and sun exposure( χ2=55.71, P<0.05) were the protective factors for osteoporosis. Multifactor analysis showed that female( wald χ 2=71.46, P<0.001) were the risk factors for osteoporosis. The age of the osteoporosis group was older than that of the non-osteoporosis group [osteoporosis group (72.47±6.89) years old, non-osteoporosis group (68.73±6.34) years old, and the difference was statistically significant, t=-11.67, P<0.05]. The waist circumference, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine (CR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and uric acid (UA) in the non-osteoporosis group were higher than those in the osteoporosis group, and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). The levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)[osteoporosis group (1.34±0.35) mol/L, non-osteoporosis group (1.41±0.35) mol/L, t=-4.51, P<0.05] and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)[osteoporosis group (88.46±25.65) mol/L, osteoporosis group (94.56±32.32) mol/L, t=-4.79, P<0.05] in the osteoporosis group were lower than those in the non-osteoporosis group.Low awareness of the knowledge of osteoporosis risk factors(smoking, drinking coffee, high salt and drinking alcohol are 47.28%, 24.15%, 47.79% and 44.90%, respectively), diagnosis and treatment(The symptoms, prognosis, screening methods, medication time and follow-up screening time of osteoporosis were 26.87%, 17.88%, 21.77%, 6.65% and 15.99%, respectivel) and prevention(exercise mode, high calcium food, optimal age of calcium supplementation, the effect of vitamin D on OP, and the appropriate amount of milk to prevent osteoporosis were 33.16%, 42.01%, 13.27%, 12.07%, 9.01%, respectively) were in Jiuting Town. In conclusion, the prevalent rate of OP in the elderly ≥60 years old in Jiuting Town is 45.89%.The main risk factors are female and advanced age. Drinking tea, dairy products, combination of meat and vegetable, taking calcium, physical exercise and sun exposure were the protective factors for osteoporosis. The awareness rate of osteoporosis related knowledge is low, and health education should be strengthened in order to control and prevent the occurrence and development of osteoporosis.

Objective:To establish an HPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of related impurities in traz-odone hydrochloride API.Methods:The impurities were separated on an Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18column(2.1 mm x 100 mm,1.8 μm)using a gradient elution of 0.1％formic acid solution and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.2 mL·min-1 at column temperature of 30 ℃,and determined by electrospray ionization source(ESI)com-bined with multiple reaction detection(MRM)in the positive ion mode.Results:The related impurities(triazol-opyridone,trazodone N-oxide,dechlorinated trazodone,4-ethyltrazodone,and trazodone isobutyl ether analogue)in trazodone hydrochloride API were determined.The linear relationship of five impurities was good in correspond-ing concentration ranges with correlation coefficients(r)of more than 0.999 5.The average recoveries varied be-tween 91.9％and 99.4％with RSD ≤3.9％.Trazodone N-oxide and dechlorinated trazodone were detected in all three batches,and extremely trace amounts of 4-ethyltrazodone were detected in two batches.Conclusion:The es-tablished method can determine the content of five related impurities in trazodone hydrochloride API,and can more effectively evaluate and control the quality of trazodone hydrochloride API.

To explore the prevalence and related risk factors of osteoporosis (OP) in the elderly ≥60 years old in Jiuting Town, Songjiang District, Shanghai City. A total of 2 175 local residents aged ≥60 years old who participated in the questionnaire survey at the physical examination center of Jiuting Community Health Service Center, Songjiang District, Shanghai City from July 2021 to December 2022 were selected by a cross-sectional study with multi-stage sampling method. Questionnaire survey, blood test and bone mineral density (BMD) test were conducted.The differences in all the parameters among the elderly with different bone mass level were analyzed using t-test, chi-square test, binary logistic regression was used to screen the potential risk factors of OP.The results showed that the prevalence of OP in the elderly aged≥60 years old in Jiuting Town was 45.89%.The prevalence of OP increased gradually with the advanced age. The prevalence rate of male was significantly lower than that of female( χ2=211.94, P<0.01).Single factor analysis showed that Dairy products( χ2=9.01, P<0.05), taking calcium( χ2=42.88, P<0.05), physical exercise( χ2=24.73, P<0.05), exercise time( χ2=76.40, P<0.05) and sun exposure( χ2=55.71, P<0.05) were the protective factors for osteoporosis. Multifactor analysis showed that female( wald χ 2=71.46, P<0.001) were the risk factors for osteoporosis. The age of the osteoporosis group was older than that of the non-osteoporosis group [osteoporosis group (72.47±6.89) years old, non-osteoporosis group (68.73±6.34) years old, and the difference was statistically significant, t=-11.67, P<0.05]. The waist circumference, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine (CR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and uric acid (UA) in the non-osteoporosis group were higher than those in the osteoporosis group, and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). The levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)[osteoporosis group (1.34±0.35) mol/L, non-osteoporosis group (1.41±0.35) mol/L, t=-4.51, P<0.05] and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)[osteoporosis group (88.46±25.65) mol/L, osteoporosis group (94.56±32.32) mol/L, t=-4.79, P<0.05] in the osteoporosis group were lower than those in the non-osteoporosis group.Low awareness of the knowledge of osteoporosis risk factors(smoking, drinking coffee, high salt and drinking alcohol are 47.28%, 24.15%, 47.79% and 44.90%, respectively), diagnosis and treatment(The symptoms, prognosis, screening methods, medication time and follow-up screening time of osteoporosis were 26.87%, 17.88%, 21.77%, 6.65% and 15.99%, respectivel) and prevention(exercise mode, high calcium food, optimal age of calcium supplementation, the effect of vitamin D on OP, and the appropriate amount of milk to prevent osteoporosis were 33.16%, 42.01%, 13.27%, 12.07%, 9.01%, respectively) were in Jiuting Town. In conclusion, the prevalent rate of OP in the elderly ≥60 years old in Jiuting Town is 45.89%.The main risk factors are female and advanced age. Drinking tea, dairy products, combination of meat and vegetable, taking calcium, physical exercise and sun exposure were the protective factors for osteoporosis. The awareness rate of osteoporosis related knowledge is low, and health education should be strengthened in order to control and prevent the occurrence and development of osteoporosis.

Objective To explore the enrichment method of the crude alkaloid of Zanthoxylum nitidum(Roxb.)DC.(Z.nitidum),which can inhibit the proliferative activity of human erythroid leukemia cells(HEL cells)in vitro,and to provide a scientific basis for the antitumor activity of Z.nitidum.Methods Z.nitidum was extracted using different concentrations of ethanol(60%,70%,80%,90%,and 100%)to determine the optimum extraction conditions according to the highest extraction rate.Static and dynamic adsorption determined the adsorption capacity of different macroporous resins(HPD 100,XDA-5,D101,HPD 722,HPD 400)on the ethanol extracts from Z.nitidum.The effects of crude alkaloids on the proliferation activity of HEL cells in each group were studied by the MTT method.Results Z.nitidum was extracted from 60%,70%,80%,90%,and 100%ethanol,and the extract with 60%ethanol concentration had the highest yield(11.937±0.002)%.Static and dynamic adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption capacity of the above five kinds of macroporous resins was 1∶500(extract of Z.nitidum∶macroporous resin).The crude alkaloids enriched by different macroporous resins have different effects on the proliferation activity of HEL cells.The inhibition rates(%)at a concentration of 80 μg·mL-1 of Z.nitidum were(59.62±3.46)%(XDA-5),(55.81±5.16)%(HPD 100),(59.33±1.33)%(D101),(79.63±1.02)%(HPD 722),and(83.97±0.38)%(HPD 400),respectively.HPD 400 macroporous resin-enriched crude alkaloids inhibited the proliferation of HEL cells most significantly(P<0.01).Conclusion The process of enriching the crude alkaloids of Z.nitidum using macroporous resin was simple and feasible,and the crude alkaloids enriched by HPD 400 showed significant inhibitory effects on HEL cells with good anti-leukemic activity.