Objective:To investigate effect and mechanism of Morin on inflammatory response of young asthmatic rats by regu-lating mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3(STAT3)signaling pathway.Methods:An asthma rat model was established.Experiment was separated into Control group,Model group,Morin low-dose[Morin-L,10 mg/(kg·d)]group,Morin medium dose[Morin-M,30 mg/(kg·d)]group,Morin high-dose[Morin-H,100 mg/(kg·d)]group and Morin high-dose+mTOR activator group[Morin-H+MHY-1485,100 mg/(kg·d)Morin+7 mg/(kg·d)MHY-1485]group.Enhanced expiratory interval value was detected and recorded;Total IgE,ovalbumin(OVA)specific IgE,IL-4,IL-5,IL-17,IL-13,IFN-γ and TGF-β1 levels were determined by ELISA;Giemsa staining was applied to observe and record situation of related inflammatory cells;proportion of Th1,Th2 and Th17 cells were detected by flow cytometry;HE and PAS staining were applied to observe pathologi-cal changes in lung tissue and goblet cell proliferation;GATA-binding protein 3(GATA-3)expression was detected by immunohisto-chemistry and qRT-PCR;Western blot was applied to detect expression and phosphorylation levels of mTOR and STAT3 proteins.Results:Compared with Control group,inflammatory cell infiltration was obvious in Model group,with irregular thickening of tube wall and basement membrane,obviously more goblet cells,and increased mucus secretion,Penh value,IL-4,IL-5,IL-17,IL-13,total IgE and OVA-sIgE levels,macrophages,lymphocytes,eosinophils and neutrophils numbers,Th2 and Th17 cells proportion,average optical density of GATA-3,GATA-3 mRNA and phosphorylation levels of mTOR and STAT3 were obviously increased(P<0.05),proportion of Th1 cells and IFN-γ level were significantly reduced(P<0.05).Compared with Model group,bronchial wall structure of rats in Morin-L,Morin-M and Morin-H groups was smoother and more complete,with epithelial cells arranged in a more orderly manner,moderate airway wall thickness,reduced inflammatory cell infiltration,and reduced goblet cell proliferation,Penh value,IL-4,IL-5,IL-17,IL-13,TGF-β1,total IgE and OVA-sIgE levels,numbers of macrophages,lymphocytes,eosinophils and neutrophils,proportion of Th2 and Th17 cells,average optical density of GATA-3,GATA-3 mRNA,and phosphorylation levels of mTOR and STAT3 were obviously decreased(P<0.05),proportion of Th1 cells and IFN-γ level were significantly increased(P<0.05).MHY-1485 reversed inhibitory effect of morin on inflammatory response in asthmatic rats(P<0.05).Conclusion:Morin may inhibit activation of mTOR/STAT3 signaling pathway,inhibit inflammatory response in young rats with asthma,and thereby improve asthma symptoms.

AIM:To explore the efficacy and safe-ty of two drugs in diagnosed idiopathic membra-nous nephropathy(IMN).METHODS:A retrospec-tive study was conducted on 113 patients diag-nosed with IMN by renal biopsy or PLA2R antibody positive at the department of nephrology,yijishan hospital,wannan medical college from november 2019 to July 2024,of whom 55 received cyclophos-phamide treatment and 58 received rituximab treatment,and follow-up was ≥6 months.RESULTS:At 6 months,38 patients(69.09％)in the cyclophos-phamide treatment group and 36 patients(62.07％)in the rituximab treatment group had achieved a combined response(complete or partial response).At 12 and 18 months,there was no statistical differ-ence in the combined response rate between the two groups(70.83％vs.83.87％,P=0.186 and 73.68％vs.73.68％,P=1.000),but at 12 months,the combined response rate in the rituximab group was higher than that in the cyclophosphamide group.In IMN patients with eGFR＜60 mL/(min·1.73 m2),rituximab significantly improved renal function(P=0.008).Over the entire follow-up peri-od,the total number of adverse events was higher in the cyclophosphamide group than in the ritux-imab group(57 vs..45),and the incidence of non-serious adverse events was higher than in the ritux-imab group(P=0.039).CONCLUSION:The efficacy of rituximab in the treatment of IMN is not inferior to that of cyclophosphamide,and it has better safety.Rituximab improved renal function better than cy-clophosphamide in patients with eGFR＜60 mL/(min·1.73 m2)IMN.

Objective Based on the analysis of the results of retesting of blood donors with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)serological single-reagent reactivity,the rationality and practical effect of the existing retesting strategy were discussed.Methods HIV serological single-reagent reactivity blood donors in Wenzhou from January to December 2023 were selected as the study objects,and were confirmed by Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)and returning test to confirm whether they could be returnee.Differences in return rates were analyzed by the basic data of blood donors and the S/CO value of HIV serological test during screening.Results Among the 374 HIV serological single-reagent reactivity blood donors,55 were confirmed by CDC with uncertain HIV antibodies,319 met the criteria for return,and 84 actively applied for return.78 showed no reactivity through self-test and return test and were allowed to return to the team.Four showed HIV serological reactivity,one showed HIV nucleic acid testing(NAT)test reactivity,permanent shielding.One showed the reactivity of anti-HIV chemiluminescence immunoassay test,and the HIV NAT test was noreactivity,and continued to be screened to participate in the next round of return.There were statistically significant differences in the permissible return rate of blood donors with different ages,blood types and blood donation times(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the allowed return rate of blood donors with different S/CO values during screening(χ2=1.898,P=0.168).Conclusion Reasonable return procedures can effectively reduce the loss of blood donors and ensure the safety of blood for clinical use.

Purpose The current study aims to elucidate the interrelationships among IREB2,FBXL5,iron ho-meostasis,and the therapeutic efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Methods A total of 97 samples,classified into colorectal cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy-resistant and-sensitive groups,along with their corresponding paracancer-ous normal mucosa were collected.The expression levels of FBXL5,IREB2,TFRC and FTH1 were detected by immu-nohistochemistry,Werstern blot and RT-qPCR.The contents of ferroptosis-related markers Fe2+,MDA,ROS and GSH were detected by applying the kit,and the levels of these markers were analyzed.The relationship between each factor in different colorectal cancer tissues and tumor regression rate and prognosis of neoadjuvant chemotherapy were ana-lyzed.Results(1)The expression of IREB2,FBXL5,TFRC and FTH1 in colorectal cancer was higher than that in normal intestinal mucosa(P＜0.05),and the expression of FBXL5 and FTH1 in colorectal cancer drug-resistant group was lower than that in the sensitive group,whereas the expression of IREB2 and TFRC was higher than that in the sen-sitive group(P＜0.05);(2)The correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the expression of IREB2 and TFRC in the drug-resistant group,and a negative correlation with the expression of FBXL5 and FTH1 in the drug-resistant group.TFRC expression in the colorectal cancer resistance group were positively correlated(P＜0.05)and negatively correlated with the expression of FBXL5 and FTH1(P＜0.05);(3)the content of Fe2+and GSH was high-er than that of the sensitivity group in the colorectal cancer resistance group,and the level of ROS was lower than that of the sensitivity group(P＜0.05);(4)Fe2+was positively correlated with the expression of IREB2,TFRC,and neg-atively correlated with the expression of FBXL5 and FTH1,and was negatively correlated with the expression of FBXL5 and FTH1.FTH1 expression were both negatively correlated(P＜0.05);(5)tumor regression rate was positively cor-related with the expression of FBXL5 and FTH1,and negatively correlated with the expression of IREB2 and TFRC,as well as positively correlated with the level of ROS,and negatively correlated with Fe2+and GSH(P＜0.05);(6)The expression of IREB2 and TFRC was positively correlated with tumor diameter and lymph node metastasis,and the ex-pression of FBXL5 and FTH1 was negatively correlated with tumor diameter and lymph node metastasis,and the expres-sion of FBXL5 was also negatively correlated with the depth of tumor infiltration(P＜0.05);(7)Kaplan-Meier analy-sis showed that lymph node metastasis,FBXL5,IREB2,TFRC,FTH1,and TRG grading were closely related to the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients(P＜0.05).Cox multivariate regression analysis indicated that lymph node me-tastasis,high expression of IREB2 and TFRC,low expression of FBXL5 and FTH1,and low tumor regression grade(TRG)were risk factors for the ineffectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer patients.Conclusion FBXL5 and IREB2 are not only associated with high iron homeostasis,but also closely related to the efficacy and prognosis of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer.In the future,they may become new targets for the treat-ment of colorectal cancer and improve the prognosis of patients.

Objective To investigate the biomechanical characteristics of Salto Talaris tibial components with different heights at the bone-prosthesis interface during different gait support phases after total ankle replacement.Methods An ankle joint model was reconstructed using a weight-bearing CT from a 61-year-old female patient with ankle arthritis,and Salto Talaris tibial components with different heights(5,7,9,11 mm)were modelled to simulate the loading of the tibial-prosthesis during four gait support phases,and to analyse the micromotion and stresses at the bone-prosthesis interface.Results The 11 mm and 9 mm models had a poorer prosthesis stability,with the peak micromotion exceeding 50 μm and the peak internal tibial stresses of 30.75 MPa and 29.86 MPa,respectively,which exceeded the yield stress of the cancellous bone.The tibial stresses of the 7 mm and 5 mm models were within reasonable ranges and the average peak micromotions were only 42.66 μm and 40.32 μm.In contrast,the initial stability of the 5 mm model prosthesis was the best.Conclusions For total ankle replacement with Salto prosthesis,the height of the tibial component should be chosen appropriately,and the optimal height was about 5 mm.Excessive flexion and extension activities of the ankle joint should be avoided to maintain the stability of the prosthesis after surgery.This study provides a theoretical basis for the improvement of the structural parameters of the Salto prosthesis,which is valuable for the selection of clinical surgical prostheses and helps to improve the results of total ankle replacement.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(CJD)is a rapidly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by prions,with certain infectivity and iatrogenic transmission risks.With the rapid progress and application of new dia-gnostic biomarkers and detection methods,as well as the construction and improvement of surveillance and reporting systems,the detection of CJD in patients domestically and internationally has shown an increasing trend year by year.Due to its long incubation period and heterogeneity of early symptoms,early identification and diagnosis of the disease is difficult,increasing the risk of transmission within medical institutions.Currently,there is a lack of con-sensus on the infection prevention and control of CJD.In order to timely identify and diagnose CJD as well as effec-tively block its transmission in medical institutions,this consensus summarizes 15 clinical concerns and formulates 24 specific recommendations based on the latest domestic and international research findings and clinical evidence,as well as combines with clinical practice,aiming to standardize healthcare-associated infection prevention and control measures for CJD and reduce its transmission risk in medical institutions.

Objective To study whether electroacupuncture(EA)attenuates traumatic brain injury(TBI)by down-regulating glutamate carboxypeptidase Ⅱ(GCPII)gene expression in rats.Methods Rats were divided into Sham group(n=10),TBI group(n=11),TBI+EA group(n=11),TBI+EA+GCPII-NC group(n=11)and TBI+EA+GCPII-OE group(n=11).Sham group rats underwent sham surgery,while other groups rats underwent TBI modeling using an electronic brain injury instrument.The rats in Sham group and TBI group were fed normally,and the rats in other groups were treated with electroacupuncture for 14 days.On the basis of electroacupuncture treatment,rats in TBI+EA+GCPII-NC group and TBI+EA+GCPII-OE group were injected with GCPII-NC and GCPII-OE,respectively.After treatment,the cognitive function of rats was evaluated by neurological function score and Morris water labyrinth task.HE and TUNEL staining were performed on brain tissue.The water content,glutamate(Glu)content,calcium(Ca2+)concentration,superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in brain tissue of rats in each group were measured.The mRNA or protein expression of GCPII,Bax,Bcl2 and cleaved caspase-3 in brain tissue were detected by qRT-PCR or Western blot.Results Compared with Sham group,the expression of mRNA and protein of GCPII in TBI group increased,the neurological function score and escape latency increased,the number of crossing the platform decreased,the water content increased,the cortex showed obvious damage,the content of Glu increased,the concentration of calcium increased,the levels of SOD,CAT and GSH-Px decreased,the level of MDA increased,the positive rate of TUNEL increased,the expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 protein increased,and the expression of Bcl2 protein decreased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with TBI group,the expression level of mRNA and protein of GCPII in TBI+EA group decreased,the neurological function score and escape latency decreased,the number of crossing platform increased,the water content decreased,the morphology of cortex improved obviously,the content of Glu decreased,the concentration of calcium decreased,the level of SOD,CAT and GSH-Px increased,the level of MDA decreased,the positive rate of TUNEL decreased,the expression level of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 protein decreased,and the expression level of Bcl2 protein increased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with TBI+EA group and TBI+EA+GCPII-NC group,the expression level of mRNA and protein of GCPII in TBI+EA+GCPII-OE group increased,neurological function score and escape latency increased,the number of crossing platform decreased,water content increased,cortical injury aggravated,Glu content increased,calcium concentration increased,SOD,CAT and GSH-Px levels decreased,MDA level increased,TUNEL positive rate increased,Bax and cleaved caspase-3 protein expression increased,and the expression of Bcl2 protein decreased significantly(P<0.05).Conclusion By down-regulating the expression of GCPII gene,electroacupuncture reduced the content of glutamate in the brain tissue of TBI rats,thereby inhibiting calcium overload,oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis in the brain tissue,and thereby improving cognitive function and alleviating brain injury.

Objectives:To investigate the impact of the Micra AV leadless pacemaker on cardiac function.Methods:A total of 76 patients who received the implantation of Micra AV leadless pacemaker due to sick sinus syndrome or atrioventricular block at Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from September 2022 to April 2023 were included in this study.Among them,26 patients(34.2%)had sick sinus syndrome,and 50 patients(65.8%)had atrioventricular block.The patients were followed up for 1 year postoperatively.Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography,and the parameters of the pacemaker were collected through the outpatient clinic programming system.Results:After a follow-up of 120(87,181)days,compared with the preoperative state,the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)decreased postoperatively([66.6±5.6]%vs.[63.8±5.2]%,P<0.001),and the cardiac output increased[(4.3±1.2)L/min vs.(5.3±1.5)L/min,P<0.001].There were no statistically significant differences in various cardiac function indexes of patients with sick sinus syndrome between the postoperative and preoperative states(all P>0.05).Compared with the preoperative state,in patients with atrioventricular block,the LVEF decreased postoperatively([67.0±5.1]%vs.[63.4±4.4]%,P<0.001),the cardiac output increased([4.2±1.1]L/min vs.[5.2±1.2]L/min,P<0.001),and the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter decreased[(49.9±5.4)mm vs.(48.6±5.0)mm,P=0.044].Firth's logistic regression analysis indicated that the preoperative LVEF(for every 1%increase,OR=1.56,95%CI:1.12-2.17,P=0.001),stroke volume(for every 1 ml increase,OR=1.15,95%CI:1.04-1.28,P=0.001),body mass index(for every 1 kg/m2 increase,OR=1.49,95%CI:1.02-2.17,P=0.020),and hypertension(OR=12.71,95%CI:1.11-145.13,P=0.039)were independent risk factors for the decrease in LVEF after surgery in patients with atrioventricular block.After the implantation of the MciraTM AV leadless pacemaker,the overall atrioventricular synchrony rate was 81.2%(68.8%,89.0%).The atrioventricular synchrony rates of patients with sick sinus syndrome and those with atrioventricular block were 70.6%(59.5%,83.4%)and 82.4%(74.2%,89.3%)respectively(P<0.05).Firth's logistic regression analysis indicated that sick sinus syndrome(OR=0.26,95%CI:0.07-0.89,P=0.029)and preoperative LVEF(for every 1%increase,OR=1.18,95%CI:1.03-1.35,P=0.015)were independent predictive factors for the atrioventricular synchrony rate>80%.Conclusions:There are differences in the impacts of the Micra AV leadless pacemaker on the LVEF and atrioventricular synchrony rate between patients with sick sinus syndrome and those with atrioventricular block.The preoperative LVEF,stroke volume,body mass index,and hypertension have independent predictive effects on the decrease in postoperative LVEF in patients with atrioventricular block.Sick sinus syndrome and preoperative LVEF are independent predictive factors for the atrioventricular synchrony rate>80%after surgery.

Objective:To explore the teaching reform of the Food Analysis experiment course under the concept of employment-oriented education,and to improve students'practical ability and employment competitiveness.Methods:Taking students majoring in Food Quality and Safety at a certain university as the research objects,the control group adopted traditional teaching,while the experimental group carried out reforms by optimizing the curriculum system,innovating the teaching mode,and establishing a diversified evaluation system.The total scores,teaching effectiveness,satisfaction with the teaching mode,and the evaluation of graduates by employers between the two groups were compared.Results:The average total score of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05).The teaching effect evaluations of the experimental group in improving experimental operation skills and enhancing employment position cognition were all higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).The satisfaction of the experimental group with the teaching mode was better than that of the control group(P＜0.05).In the evaluation results of employers on graduates,the excellent rate of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P＜0.01).Conclusion:The reform measures effectively improve the teaching quality and students'comprehensive literacy,and deliver high-quality talents with both practical ability and innovative thinking to the food industry.

The medicinal use of Malvae Semen has a long history. In this paper， by consulting the ancient materia medica， prescription， agronomy， literature and other aspects of the classics， the name， origin， evolution of scientific name， quality， harvesting and processing， functions and indications and others of Malvae Semen were systematically sorted out and verified， so as to provide a basis for the development and utilization of famous classical formulas containing this herb. According to the textual research， Shennong Bencaojing began to use Dongkuizi as the correct name， which was used in the past dynasties， and there were also aliases such as Kuicaizi， Huacai， and Kuizi. Through the original research， it can be seen that Kuicai is the mainstream original plant of Malvae Semen， that is， Malva verticillata var. crispa， the Alcea rosea and M. cathayensis are also used. In modern times， the seeds of Abutilon theophrasti have been passed off as Malvae Semen， while the seeds of M. verticillata var. crispa have rarely been used in medicine. And Abutili Semen has been another medicinal material with different efficacy since the collection of Newly Revised Materia Medica in the Tang dynasty. Since the Ming and Qing dynasties， the cultivation of Kuicai has been decreasing， while A. theophrasti is more common and easy to obtain， and Abutili Semen and Malvae Semen are similar in morphology and confused， which should be corrected. In addition， Malvae Fructus is a Mongolian customary medicinal herb， which is different from the traditional use of seeds in traditional Chinese medicine. Kuicai， as an important vegetable in history， was widely cultivated and gradually shrunk after the Song dynasty， it is now mainly produced in southern provinces. The quality evaluation of Malvae Semen is better for those with dry bodies， full grain， grayish brown color， no mud， and no impurities. The harvesting is generally in the autumn and winter. After drying， it is seeded， sieved peel and impurities， mashed， or slightly stir-fried to yellow-white color with gentle fire. It is sweet， cold and slippery in nature and taste， with the main effects of laxation， diuresis， lactation and elimination of swelling. The efficacy of Abutili Semen is clearing heat and removing toxicity， promoting diuresis and removing nebula， the efficacy is quite different from that of Malvae Semen. Based on the results of textual research， it is suggested that M. verticillata var. crispa should be used as the medicinal source of Malvae Semen in the development of famous classical formulas， the corresponding processing methods should be selected according to the requirements of drug processing in the formulas， while the raw products are recommended to be used if the processing is not specified.