BACKGROUND:Cervical disc herniation can cause pain in the neck and shoulder area,as well as radiating pain in the upper limbs.The incidence rate is increasing year by year and tends to affect younger individuals.Fully understanding the biomechanical characteristics of the cervical spine in adolescents is of great significance for preventing and delaying the onset of cervical disc herniation in this age group. OBJECTIVE:To reconstruct cervical spine models for both healthy adolescents and adolescent patients with cervical disc herniation utilizing finite element analysis techniques,to analyze the motion range of the C1-T1 cervical vertebrae as well as the biomechanical characteristics of the annulus fibrosus,nucleus pulposus,endplates,and the cartilage of the small joints. METHODS:A normal adolescent's cervical spine and an adolescent patient with cervical disc herniation were selected in this study.The continuous scan cervical spine CT raw image data were imported into Mimics 21.0 in DICOM format.The C1-T1 vertebrae were reconstructed separately.Subsequently,the established models were imported into the 3-Matic software for disc reconstruction.The perfected models were then imported into Hypermesh software for meshing of the vertebrae,nucleus pulposus,annulus fibrosus,and ligaments,creating valid geometric models.After assigning material properties,the final models were imported into ABAQUS software to observe the joint motion range of the C1-C7 cervical vertebrae segments under different conditions,and to analyze the biomechanical characteristics of the annulus fibrosus,nucleus pulposus,endplates,and small joint cartilage of each cervical spine segment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)In six different conditions,the joint motion range of the C1 vertebra in the cervical spine models of both normal adolescent and adolescent patient with cervical disc herniation was higher than that of the other vertebrae.Additionally,the joint motion range of each cervical spine segment in normal adolescent was greater than that in adolescent patient with cervical disc herniation.(2)In the cervical spine model of normal adolescent,the maximum stress values in the annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus were found on the left side during C2-3 flexion conditions(0.43 MPa and 0.17 MPa,respectively).In the cervical spine model of adolescent patient with cervical disc herniation,the maximum stress values were found on the left side during C7-T1 flexion conditions(0.54 MPa and 0.18 MPa,respectively).(3)In the cervical spine model of normal adolescent,the maximum stress value on the endplate was found on the left side of the upper endplate of C3 during flexion conditions(1.46 MPa).In the model of adolescent patient with cervical disc herniation,the maximum stress value on the endplate was found on the left side of the lower endplate of C7 during flexion conditions(1.32 MPa).(4)In the cervical spine model of normal adolescent,the maximum stress value in the small joint cartilage was found in the C2-3 left rotation conditions(0.98 MPa).In adolescent patient with cervical disc herniation,the stress in the small joint cartilage significantly increased under different conditions,especially in C1-2,with the maximum stress found during left flexion(3.50 MPa).(5)It is concluded that compared to normal adolescent,adolescent patient with cervical disc herniation exhibits altered cervical curvature and a decrease in overall joint motion range in the cervical spine.In adolescent with cervical disc herniation,there is a significant increase in stress on the annulus fibrosus,nucleus pulposus,and endplates in the C7-T1 segment.The stress on the left articular cartilage of the C1-2 is notable.Abnormal cervical curvature may be the primary factor causing these stress changes.

Chronic refractory wound （CRW） presents significant clinical treatment challenges due to pathological characteristics such as persistent inflammation， bacterial infection， oxidative stress and inadequate angiogenesis. Astragali Radix， a traditional Chinese medicinal herb， exerts multi-target pharmacological effects on CRW through its active components， including Astragalus polysaccharides， flavonoids， and astragaloside Ⅳ， etc. Fundamental studies indicate that these components promote CRW healing by modulating inflammatory responses， inhibiting pathogen growth， improving antioxidant capacity and stimulating neovascularization. Network pharmacology and bioinformatics studies have revealed that active components of Astragali Radix target and modulate key signaling nodes such as nuclear factor-κB， phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt， AMP-activated protein kinase， and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor， as well as inflammation-angiogenesis-related pathways， thereby synergistically exerting anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effect. Clinical applications have demonstrated that oral formulations （e.g.， Huangqi guizhi decoction， Danggui huangqi decoction， etc.） reduce healing time of CRW and lower inflammatory marker levels， while topical preparations （e.g.， Zizhu ointment， Huangqi shengji ointment， electrostatically spun Astragalus polysaccharide composite nanofibre dressings， etc.） significantly improve healing rates of CRW and minimize complications.

BHK-21 cells, cytopathic effects (CPE) were detected, and flavivirus primers were amplified as positive. After the complete sequence of the virus was determined and spliced, a 10 840 nucleotide long sequence was obtained, encoding 3 432 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis based on the whole gene sequence and E gene sequence showed that: The newly isolated SJM23-22 was most closely related to the GⅠa strain (C081) in Cambodia, with 98.5% nucleotide homology and 99.8% amino acid homology, while the homology with other genotypes was below 90% for nucleotides and below 98% for amino acids. The results of site analysis revealed 22 amino acid difference sites on the E gene compared to the live attenuated vaccine strain SA14-14-2, with 7 differences at 8 neurovirulence-related key amino acid sites. The results of important epitopes analysis indicated an exact match in three important epitopes in domain Ⅲ between the Shuangjiang isolates and the live attenuated vaccine strains. The results of secondary structure and tertiary structure prediction showed that the strain was characterized by random curling. Conclusions One strain of GⅠa-type JEV was isolated from Culex tritaeniorhynchus in Shuangjiang County, with no significant changes in the key amino acid sites related to antigenic epitopes. This study enriches the virus-carrying situation of Culex tritaeniorhynchus in Shuangjiang County, Yunnan Province, providing a reference for the prevention and control of the insect-borne epidemic in the province.Objective　To investigate the status and molecular characteristics of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) carried by mosquitoes in Shuangjiang County, Lincang City, Yunnan Province. Methods Mosquito specimens were collected from cattle pens using mosquito traps in Shuangjiang County, Lincang City in August 2023. After mosquito species identification, BHK-21 cells and C6/36 cells were used in one group of 25 mosquitoes each. Positive isolates were identified by flavivirus primers. Subsequently, the full-length GⅠ-type JEV was amplified using 15 pairs of primers with RT-PCR, sequenced, and spliced, and sequence analysis was performed using bioinformatics software such as MEGA X, DNAstar, GeneDoc, SOPMA, and SWISS-MODEL. Results A total of 1 300 Culex tritaeniorhynchus were collected and divided into 52 groups for virus isolation, leading to the identification of one positive isolate (SJM23-22). After inoculation with C6/36 and

This paper presents an automatic acquisition and analytic procedure of acupuncture manipulation based on optical navigation, aiming at solving the shortcomings of existing acquisition methods of acupuncture manipulation. An acquisition holder installed at the handle tail of filiform needle was designed to display the movement trajectory of the needle during acupuncture delivery by collecting the movement trajectory of holder. The 3-month old male Bama miniature pig was selected as the experimental subject, and 6 points, "Bojian" "Qiangfeng" "Housanli" "Xiaokua" "Huiyang" (BL35) and "Baihui" (GV20), were selected during acupuncture manipulation. The optical navigation system was used to collect the real-time data, and these data were per-processed and analyzed using mean filtering and Fourier transform. The acupuncture procedure was divided into 3 stages, inserting, lifting-thrusting, and twisting. The results showed that the accuracy was 96.3% at lifting-thrusting stage, and that was 100.0% at twisting stage. The decomposition effect of the entire procedure was satisfactory. This study provides a new approach to the quantitative analysis of acupuncture manipulation. In the future, it needs to further optimize the algorithm and expand the sample size so as to improve the accuracy of this analytic technique.
Acupuncture Therapy/methods* ; Male ; Animals ; Swine ; Acupuncture Points ; Humans ; Swine, Miniature ; Needles

Objective To investigate the expression and correlation of LY86-AS1 and KHDRBS2 in glioblastoma (GBM), and their impacts on the prognosis of patients and immune cell infiltration. Methods Based on the GSE50161 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, LY86-AS1 and KHDRBS2, which are closely related to the development of GBM, were identified by WGCNA and differential expression analysis. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) databases were used to analyze the relationship between the expression of LY86-AS1 and KHDRBS2 and the prognosis of GBM patients. Multiple datasets were employed to analyze the correlation between the expression levels of LY86-AS1 and KHDRBS2 and its relationship with immune cell infiltration. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to verify the expression of LY86-AS1 and KHDRBS2 in GBM and normal brain tissues. The Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database was accessed to obtain the protein expression of KHDRBS2, and immunohistochemical staining was conducted to verify the protein expression of KHDRBS2. Results LY86-AS1 and KHDRBS2 were lowly expressed in GBM tissues and were closely related to the development of GBM, showing a significant positive correlation. Patients with low expression levels of LY86-AS1 and KHDRBS2 had a lower overall survival rate than those with high expression levels. LY86-AS1 was positively correlated with naive B cells, plasma cells, activated NK cells, M1 macrophages, activated mast cells and monocytes. KHDRBS2 was positively correlated with naive B cells, plasma cells, helper T cells, activated NK cells and monocytes. Conclusion The low expression levels of LY86-AS1 and KHDRBS2 in GBM, which is associated with poor prognosis, affect the tumor immune microenvironment and may serve as potential new biomarkers for the diagnosis of GBM and the prognosis assessment of patients.
Humans ; Glioblastoma/metabolism* ; Prognosis ; Brain Neoplasms/pathology* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism*

Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) have become prominent global health threats, escalating the burden on public health systems. The increasing occurrence of invasive fungal infections is due primarily to the extensive application of chemotherapy, immunosuppressive therapies, and broad-spectrum antifungal agents. At present, therapeutic practices utilize multiple categories of antifungal agents, such as azoles, polyenes, echinocandins, and pyrimidine analogs. Nevertheless, the clinical effectiveness of these treatments is progressively weakened by the emergence of drug resistance, thereby substantially restricting their therapeutic utility. Consequently, there is an imperative need to expedite the discovery of novel antifungal agents. This review seeks to present an exhaustive synthesis of novel antifungal drugs and candidate agents that are either under current clinical investigation or anticipated to progress into clinical evaluation. These emerging compounds exhibit unique benefits concerning their modes of action, antimicrobial spectra, and pharmacokinetic characteristics, potentially leading to improved therapeutic outcomes relative to conventional antifungal regimens. It is anticipated that these novel therapeutic agents will furnish innovative treatment modalities and enhance clinical outcomes in managing invasive fungal infections.

Existing studies have shown that Astragalus membranaceus(AM)and its active ingredients astragalus polysaccharides,oninon,and astragalus methyl glycosides can attenuate X-ray radiation-induced injury.However,there are no studies on how isoliquiritigenin(ISL)attenuate the bystander effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)induced by carbon ion radiation therapy for lung cancer.This study aimed to investigate the AM-derived small molecule ISL to enhance radiotherapy sensitivity by attenuating the carbon ion radiation-induced bystander effect(RIBE)in BMSCs to elucidate its mecha-nism of action.In this study,we established a C57BL/6 mouse lung cancer transplantation tumor model in vivo and a co-culture model of A549 cells and BMSCs in vitro,and the models were successfully treated with carbon ions.In further work,we used flow cytometry,immunofluorescence,Western blot,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),inhibitor,short hairpin RNA(shRNA),Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8),and other methods to illustrate the mechanism.In the next experiments,we found that ISL combined with carbon ion radiotherapy had a significant anti-tumor effect and protected BMSCs from radiation damage.The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of ISL in enhancing the sensitivity of lung cancer cells to radiotherapy and attenuating RIBE in both in vitro and in vivo settings.Traditional Chinese medicine combined with radiation therapy is a promising and innovative treatment for non-small cell lung cancer.These results establish a theoretical foundation for further clinical development of ISL as a potential radiosensitizer option.

Objective To investigate the application value of slice encoding for metal artifact correction-view angle tilting(SEMAC-VAT)in chronic hip pain after total hip arthroplasty(THA).Methods A total of 22 patients who underwent TH A and required MRI reassessment for chronic hip pain were enrolled.All patients underwent coronal and axial short time inversion recovery(STIR)and SEMAC-VAT sequence scans.The prosthesis and surrounding artifact areas of STIR sequence and SEMAC-VAT sequence images were measured respectively.Likert scores were assigned to evaluate prosthesis clarity and visibility of surrounding anatomical structures.The number of abnormal lesions detected was recorded.Paired t-test and rank-sum test were used for comparisons between groups.Results Among the 22 patients,the mean prosthesis and surrounding artifact areas measured in coronal and axial STIR sequences were(73.08±11.28)cm2 and(34.36±8.47)cm2,respectively.For SEMAC-VAT sequences,the corresponding values were(44.30±8.41)cm2 and(23.08±5.85)cm2,respectively.These differences were statistically significant(t=13.942,8.659,P＜0.05).SEMAC-VAT sequences had higher Likert scores on coronal and axial prosthesis clarity and surrounding anatomical structures visibility than STIR sequences(P＜0.05).Additionally,SEMAC-VAT sequences were more effective in detecting abnormal lesions than STIR sequences(P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared to STIR sequences,SEMAC-VAT sequences significantly reduce metal artifacts and enhance image quality in the assessment of chronic hip pain after THA.This technique is advantageous in detecting more positive signs,facilitating the evaluation of hip images in patients with chronic pain after TH A,and subsequently clarifying the etiology of pain.

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of hydromorphone or morphine for cancer pain using intrathecal drug infusion system(IDDS).Methods Chinese and English literature databases,including CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Cochrane Library,and Ovid,were searched from inception to Aug.31,2023 to collect randomized controlled trials(RCTs)about intrathecal infusion of morphine or hydromorphone in treatment of cancer pain.Two reviewers independently screened literature and extracted data according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and evaluated the quality of RCTs using a Cochrane bias risk assessment tool.Then,meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4.1 software.Results A total of 6 RCTs,involving 544 patients,were enrolled.Among them,there were 282 cases in the hydromorphone group and 262 cases in the morphine group.The meta-analysis results showed that there were no significant differences in pain score or number of breakthrough pain episodes between the 2 groups after treatment(all P＞0.05).Compared with the morphine group,the incidence rates of nausea and vomiting,constipation,and somnolence were significantly decreased in the hydromorphone group(P≤0.05),and the quality of life was significantly higher(P＜0.05).Conclusion The efficacy of hydromorphone administered by IDDS for cancer pain is comparable to morphine;hydromorphone has advantages in reducing adverse reactions and improving quality of life of patients.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of recombinant human prourokinase during emergency coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute inferior wall ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) without reflow or slow blood flow.Methods Eighty patients with acute inferior wall STEMI admitted to Xinyi People's Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected.The patients were divided into two groups,40 cases in each group.The control group patients accepted PCI after receiving 100μg nitroglycerin or nitroprusside via catheter;On the basis of control group,the observation group patients received 20mg recombinant human prourokinase via catheter until infarct related artery,and PCI was performed.Using thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) blood flow grading method,compared the immediate myocardial perfusion after surgery.Results Comparison of immediate TIMI blood flow grading between two groups of patients during surgery,with grades ranging from level 0 to 1:1 case (2.5％) in observation group and 7 cases (17.5％) in control group.The difference between two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05);Level 2:3 cases (7.5％) in observation group and 8 cases (20.0％) in control group.There was no statistically significant difference between two groups (P>0.05);Level 3:36 cases (90.0％) in observation group and 25 cases (62.5％) in control group.The difference between two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Recombinant human prourokinase can effectively improve the coronary blood flow of infarct related artery during emergency PCI in patients with acute inferior wall STEMI,improve myocardial ischemia,and do not increase adverse reactions such as bleeding,which is of great significance for improving patient's prognosis.