Objective:To investigate relationship between IL-17/IL-23 immunoinflammatory axis and chronic heart failure(CHF)and clinical prognosis.Methods:A total of 112 patients with CHF in Chengde Central Hospital from January 2020 to Septem-ber 2021 were selected as observation group,and another 112 patients admitted to same period for healthy physical examination were selected as control group.Serum IL-17 and IL-23 levels of two groups were compared,relationship between serum IL-17 and IL-23 levels and degree of disease were analyzed;clinical data,serum IL-17 and IL-23 levels of patients with different prognosis were compared,relationship between serum IL-17 and IL-23 levels and clinical prognosis of CHF patients were analyzed.Predictive value of serum IL-17 and IL-23 levels on clinical prognosis of CHF patients was evaluated,and predictive value of each prediction scheme was compared.Results:Serum IL-17 and IL-23 levels were higher in observation group than control group(P<0.05);serum IL-17 and IL-23 levels of CHF patients were positively correlated with NYHA classification(P<0.05).Serum IL-17 and IL-23 levels were higher in patients with poor prognosis than in those with good prognosis(P<0.05).Serum IL-17 and IL-23 were independently associated with clinical prognosis of CHF patients,and the higher the serum IL-17 and IL-23 levels,the greater risk of poor clinical prognosis of CHF patients.AUC of serum IL-17 and IL-23 levels for predicting clinical prognosis of CHF patients were 0.787 and 0.726,respectively,and combined predicted AUC was 0.918(P<0.001);combined predicted AUC of serum IL-17 and IL-23 was significantly higher than single index(P<0.05).Conclusion:IL-17 and IL-23 levels in IL-17/IL-23 immunoinflammatory axis of CHF patients are significantly elevated and involve in disease occurence and development,whose clinical detection can help predict clinical prognosis of CHF.

Objective To translate the Health Behavior Scale for Cancer Patients(HBSCP)into Chinese and conduct reliability and validity tests.The measurement invariance of the Chinese version of the scale among differ-ent cancer patients was measured to form a health behavior scale suitable for assessing cancer patients in China.Methods The original scale was translated and translated back according to the Brislin translation model.The Chinese version of the HBSCP was formed through cross-cultural adaptation and pre-test.A questionnaire survey was conducted on 600 cancer patients from 2 tertiary A hospitals in Tianjin and Nanchang from February to July 2024 by convenience sampling method to test the reliability,validity,and measurement invariance of the Chinese version of the HBSCP.Results 567 valid questionnaires were collected.The Chinese version of the HBSCP in-cludes 9 items with 2 factors.Confirmatory factor analysis supported the 2-factor model,and all indexes meet the ideal fitting standard.The factor load of each item on the scale ranged from 0.697 to 0.815.The composite relia-bility of the 2 dimensions was 0.815 and 0.874.Average variance extracted was 0.656 and 0.526.The Chinese version of the HBSCP was positively correlated with Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-Ⅱ(r=0.760,P＜0.001).The con-tent validity index of items ranges of the scales from 0.930 to 1.000,and the content validity index/average of the scales was 0.993.The total Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.900,and the two-factor Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.849 and 0.873,respectively.The scale has measurement invariance in the equivalence test for 3 clusters of lung,gastrointestinal,and gynecologic cancers.Conclusion The Chinese version of the HBSCP has good reliability and validity and measurement invariance across cancer types,and can be used to measure the health behavior level of cancer patients.

Objective To compare of the efficacy of two distinct debridement techniques in membrane induction therapy for chronic tibial osteomyelitis.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 52 patients with Cierny-Mader type IV A/B chronic tibial osteomyelitis who were treated at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University between July 2016 and December 2023.Five patients were diagnosed and treated before 2020,while 47 were managed from 2020 onward.Patients were divided into two groups:a local debridement group(n=28)and an en bloc osteotomy group(n=24).Perioperative outcomes—including operative time,incision length,intraoperative blood loss,and length of hospital stay—were assessed,along with clinical efficacy at 6 months,12 months,and final follow-up.Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Hospital for Special Surgery(HSS)knee score,the American Orthopaedic Foot&Ankle Society(AOFAS)ankle-hindfoot score,joint range of motion(knee flexion-extension and ankle plantarflexion-dorsiflexion),recurrence rate,and the Paley classification for infectious bone defects.Results The local debridement group exhibited significantly less intraoperative blood loss(P<0.05),shorter operative time(P<0.05),and reduced hospital stay(P<0.05),as well as higher AOFAS and HSS scores at both 6 and 12 months postoperatively(P<0.05).In contrast,the osteotomy group demonstrated superior Paley classification outcomes at 6 months,12 months,and final follow-up(P<0.05),along with lower rates of infection recurrence.Longitudinal analysis indicated significant improvements in AOFAS scores,HSS scores,and joint mobility over time in both groups(P<0.05).However,no statistically significant differences were observed between groups in terms of functional scores or joint mobility parameters at final follow-up(P>0.05).Conclusion En bloc osteotomy combined with the induced membrane technique(Masquelet technique)enables more comprehensive debridement,minimizes the necessity for repeated surgical interventions,reduces postoperative complications,lowers the risk of recurrence,and promotes enhanced bone healing.

Objective To rexplore the content structure characteristics and psychometric properties of assessment scales for funda-mental movement skills(FMS)in school-aged children,based on International Classification of Functioning,Dis-ability and Health-Children and Youth Version(ICF-CY)framework.Methods Literatures on assessment scales for FMS in school-aged children were retrieved from PubMed,Science Di-rect,Web of Science,EMBase,PsycINFO,CNKI and Wanfang data from inception to July,2025.The contents of the included scales were analyzed using the ICF-CY linking rule.The COSMIN RoB tool was used to assess the psychometric properties of the scales,and the GRADE system was applied to evaluate the overall quality of evi-dence.Results A total of 29 studies were included,involving six assessment scales:Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Profi-ciency-2(BOT-2),Canadian Assessment of Movement Skill and Agility(CAMSA),K?rperkoordinationstest für Kinder(KTK),Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2(MABC-2),Motorische Basiskompetenzen test Battery(MOBAK),and Test of Gross Motor Development-3(TGMD-3).In the ICF-CY linking analysis,all six tools addressed joint mobility functions(b710)and joint stability functions(b715),while five of them also in-volved hand and arm use(d445).The number of linked items ranged from 5 to 11.BOT-2 and TGMD-3 linked to 11 items,showing broad coverage;BOT-2 focused more on the body function dimension,whereas TGMD-3 em-phasized activity and participation dimensions,especially the performance of hand function in daily activities.In bias risk assessment,TGMD-3 showed the lowest risk(50%rated A and 50%rated B),while MABC-2 had the highest proportion of C ratings(55.6%),followed by BOT-2(33.3%).In evidence grading,TGMD-3 was rated high quality,KTK moderate,BOT-2 and CAMSA low,and MABC-2 and MOBAK very low.Conclusion TGMD-3 is recommended as the primary tool for assessing FMS in school-aged children for broad coverage of ICF-CY items,strong psychometric properties and high evidence quality.KTK,with moderate evidence quali-ty,may serve as a secondary option,but should be used cautiously in China.Although CAMSA is easy to admin-ister,its validity and reliability are low,so it is only suitable for rapid classroom screening.BOT-2,despite cover-ing more ICF-CY items,has a higher bias risk and low evidence quality.MOBAK and MABC-2 have very low evidence quality and are not recommended for current use.

AIM:To investigate whether total alkaloids of Cocculus orbiculatus(COTA)attenuate ulcerative colitis(UC)in mice via PINK1/parkin mitophagy pathway.METHODS:Sixty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into normal control group,model group,positive drug mesalazine group,and low-,medium-and high-dose(0.162,0.324 and 0.486 g/kg)COTA groups,with 10 mice in each group.Except for normal control group,the mice in all groups were given free access to 3%dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)solution for 7 consecutive days to establish a UC model in mice,and were then treated with COTA or mesalazine via oral gavage.The general condition of the mice was observed,and the colon length and disease activity index(DAI)score were determined.Colon histopathological damage was observed by HE staining.The serum levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were detected by ELISA.The pro-tein levels of PINK1,parkin,microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3),P62 and beclin-1 in colon tissues were determined by Western blot.The protein expression of LC3 and parkin was detected by immunofluorescence.RE-SULTS:Compared with normal control group,the mice in model group showed varying degrees of soft stools or bloody stools,decreased body weight(P<0.05),increased DAI score,shortened colon length(P<0.05),and obvious pathologi-cal damage in the colon tissue.The serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α were elevated(P<0.05).The protein levels of parkin,PINK1,LC3-II and beclin-1 were significantly decreased(P<0.05),while P62 protein expression was in-creased(P<0.05).Immunofluorescence showed a small number of autophagosomes in the colon tissue.In contrast,com-pared with model group,the mice in total alkaloids of Cocculus orbiculatus groups exhibited increased body weight(P<0.05),decreased DAI score,increased colon length(P<0.05),and reduced levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α(P<0.05).The protein levels of parkin,PINK1,LC3 and beclin-1 were elevated(P<0.05),while P62 expression was re-duced(P<0.05),with numerous autophagosomes visible in the colon tissue via immunofluorescence.CONCLUSION:Total alkaloids of Cocculus orbiculatus can enhance the expression of mitophagy-related proteins PINK1,parkin,LC3 and beclin-1,activate mitophagy,and reduce the expression of inflammatory factors,thereby attenuating the inflammatory re-sponse in the colon mucosa of DSS-induced UC mice.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of vital pulp therapy versus pulp revascularization in the treatment of irreversible pulpitis and apical periodontitis in young permanent teeth. Methods:This study used a retrospective design. Fifty-six children with irreversible pulpitis and apical periodontitis in young permanent teeth, admitted to Shaoxing Stomatological Hospital from January 2022 to June 2024, were selected for the study. The children were divided into Group A ( n = 28) and Group B ( n = 28) based on treatment methods. Group A received vital pulp therapy, while Group B underwent pulp revascularization. The efficacy of both groups was compared 12 months after surgery. The root length and apical foramen size were compared between the two groups before surgery, as well as 3 and 12 months after surgery. The imaging findings were also compared between the two groups 3 and 12 months after surgery. Results:There was no significant difference in efficacy between the two groups ( P>0.05). The root lengths in Group A at 3 and 12 months after surgery were (13.17 ± 1.52) mm and (14.34 ± 1.68) mm, respectively, which were significantly greater than those in Group B [(11.86 ± 1.29) mm, (13.09 ± 1.45) mm; t = 3.48, 2.98, both P<0.05]. The apical foramen sizes in Group A at 3 and 12 months after surgery were (2.17 ± 0.32) mm and (1.61 ± 0.27) mm, respectively, and were significantly smaller than those in Group B [(2.53 ± 0.37) mm, (1.98 ± 0.31) mm; t = -7.03, -4.76, both P<0.05]. The proportion of children with an open apical foramen in Group A at 3 months after surgery was significantly lower than that in Group B [35.71% (10/28) vs. 64.29% (18/28); χ2 = 4.57, P<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of open apical foramina between the two groups at 12 months after surgery ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Vital pulp therapy shows good efficacy in the treatment of irreversible pulpitis and apical periodontitis in young permanent teeth. Compared with pulp revascularization, vital pulp therapy can remarkably reduce apical foramen size and increase root length, making it a valuable option for clinical practice.

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy of different traditional Chinese medicine pulmonary rehabilitation interventions on pulmonary function and exercise tolerance in pa-tients with stable phase of.Methods Databases including CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,China Biology Medicine,PubMed,and the Cochrane Library were searched for randomized clinical trials(RCTs)related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from their inception to June 30,2023.Two research-ers independently conducted literature screening,data extraction,and bias risk assessment.Statistical analysis was performed using Stata 17.0 and R 4.4.1 software.Results A total of 239 RCTs involving 20,719 patients were included,encompassing 18 types of interventions,such as acupoint application,acupuncture,moxibustion,traditional Chinese medicine exercises,massage,cupping,etc.Network Meta-analysis revealed that compared with conventional treatment,traditional Chinese medicine ex-ercises,moxibustion,acupoint application,acupoint application plus auricular point pressing,acu-point application plus moxibustion,acupoint massage plus traditional Chinese medicine directed drug penetration,Chinese herbal footbath plus moxibustion,comprehensive traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation,five-element music therapy,pulmonary rehabilitation training,and acupoint applica-tion plus acupoint injection significantly improved forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1).Traditional Chinese medicine exercises,moxibustion,acupoint application,acupoint ap-plication plus moxibustion,Chinese herbal medicine,Chinese herbal footbath plus moxibustion,comprehensive traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation,five-element music therapy,and acu-puncture exhibited significant efficacy in reducing forced vital capacity(FVC).Traditional Chinese medicine exercise therapy,acupoint application therapy,acupoint application plus acupuncture ther-apy,acupoint application plus moxibustion therapy,and acupuncture therapy significantly enhanced exercise tolerance in patients(P＜0.05).The cumulative ranking plot demonstrated that Chinese herbal footbath plus moxibustion and acupoint application plus acupuncture were the most effective interventions for improving pulmonary function and enhancing exercise tolerance in patients with sta-ble phase of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine pul-monary rehabilitation interventions are effective in treating patients with chronic obstructive pulmona-ry disease,with each intervention demonstrating distinct advantages.Chinese herbal footbath plus moxibustion and acupoint application plus acupuncture may represent the optimal strategies for im-proving pulmonary function indices and enhancing exercise tolerance in patients with stable phase of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objective To rexplore the content structure characteristics and psychometric properties of assessment scales for funda-mental movement skills(FMS)in school-aged children,based on International Classification of Functioning,Dis-ability and Health-Children and Youth Version(ICF-CY)framework.Methods Literatures on assessment scales for FMS in school-aged children were retrieved from PubMed,Science Di-rect,Web of Science,EMBase,PsycINFO,CNKI and Wanfang data from inception to July,2025.The contents of the included scales were analyzed using the ICF-CY linking rule.The COSMIN RoB tool was used to assess the psychometric properties of the scales,and the GRADE system was applied to evaluate the overall quality of evi-dence.Results A total of 29 studies were included,involving six assessment scales:Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Profi-ciency-2(BOT-2),Canadian Assessment of Movement Skill and Agility(CAMSA),K?rperkoordinationstest für Kinder(KTK),Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2(MABC-2),Motorische Basiskompetenzen test Battery(MOBAK),and Test of Gross Motor Development-3(TGMD-3).In the ICF-CY linking analysis,all six tools addressed joint mobility functions(b710)and joint stability functions(b715),while five of them also in-volved hand and arm use(d445).The number of linked items ranged from 5 to 11.BOT-2 and TGMD-3 linked to 11 items,showing broad coverage;BOT-2 focused more on the body function dimension,whereas TGMD-3 em-phasized activity and participation dimensions,especially the performance of hand function in daily activities.In bias risk assessment,TGMD-3 showed the lowest risk(50%rated A and 50%rated B),while MABC-2 had the highest proportion of C ratings(55.6%),followed by BOT-2(33.3%).In evidence grading,TGMD-3 was rated high quality,KTK moderate,BOT-2 and CAMSA low,and MABC-2 and MOBAK very low.Conclusion TGMD-3 is recommended as the primary tool for assessing FMS in school-aged children for broad coverage of ICF-CY items,strong psychometric properties and high evidence quality.KTK,with moderate evidence quali-ty,may serve as a secondary option,but should be used cautiously in China.Although CAMSA is easy to admin-ister,its validity and reliability are low,so it is only suitable for rapid classroom screening.BOT-2,despite cover-ing more ICF-CY items,has a higher bias risk and low evidence quality.MOBAK and MABC-2 have very low evidence quality and are not recommended for current use.

AIM:To investigate whether total alkaloids of Cocculus orbiculatus(COTA)attenuate ulcerative colitis(UC)in mice via PINK1/parkin mitophagy pathway.METHODS:Sixty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into normal control group,model group,positive drug mesalazine group,and low-,medium-and high-dose(0.162,0.324 and 0.486 g/kg)COTA groups,with 10 mice in each group.Except for normal control group,the mice in all groups were given free access to 3%dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)solution for 7 consecutive days to establish a UC model in mice,and were then treated with COTA or mesalazine via oral gavage.The general condition of the mice was observed,and the colon length and disease activity index(DAI)score were determined.Colon histopathological damage was observed by HE staining.The serum levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were detected by ELISA.The pro-tein levels of PINK1,parkin,microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3),P62 and beclin-1 in colon tissues were determined by Western blot.The protein expression of LC3 and parkin was detected by immunofluorescence.RE-SULTS:Compared with normal control group,the mice in model group showed varying degrees of soft stools or bloody stools,decreased body weight(P<0.05),increased DAI score,shortened colon length(P<0.05),and obvious pathologi-cal damage in the colon tissue.The serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α were elevated(P<0.05).The protein levels of parkin,PINK1,LC3-II and beclin-1 were significantly decreased(P<0.05),while P62 protein expression was in-creased(P<0.05).Immunofluorescence showed a small number of autophagosomes in the colon tissue.In contrast,com-pared with model group,the mice in total alkaloids of Cocculus orbiculatus groups exhibited increased body weight(P<0.05),decreased DAI score,increased colon length(P<0.05),and reduced levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α(P<0.05).The protein levels of parkin,PINK1,LC3 and beclin-1 were elevated(P<0.05),while P62 expression was re-duced(P<0.05),with numerous autophagosomes visible in the colon tissue via immunofluorescence.CONCLUSION:Total alkaloids of Cocculus orbiculatus can enhance the expression of mitophagy-related proteins PINK1,parkin,LC3 and beclin-1,activate mitophagy,and reduce the expression of inflammatory factors,thereby attenuating the inflammatory re-sponse in the colon mucosa of DSS-induced UC mice.

Objective:To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (AT/RT) and the causes of pathological misdiagnosis, and summarize diagnostic strategies.Methods:A case series study was conducted.Specifically, the data of 5 misdiagnosed(misdiagnosed group) and 8 confirmed AT/RT cases(confirmed group) in the Department of Pathology of Xi′an Children′s Hospital from January 2010 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.Hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining were performed to analyze clinical features, morphology, and immune phenotypes.Rates were compared between the misdiagnosed and confirmed groups by a Fisher′s exact test.Means were compared using an independent sample t-test.Medians were compared by a Mann-Whitney U test. Results:(1)There were 4 males and 1 female in the misdiagnosed group, with a median age of 24 months.In this group, 4/5 tumors were located in the posterior cranial fossa, and 1/5 tumors were located in the spinal cord.Morphologically, rhabdoid cells were detected in 3/5 cases, and the other 2/5 cases consisted of small embryonal cells.Immunohistochemically, INI1 and BRG1 expressions were absent in 4/5 and 1/5 cases, respectively.All of them showed multiple immunephenotypes.There were 7 males and 1 female in the confirmed group, with a median age of 22 months.In the confirmed group, 4/8 tumors were located in the supratentorial region and 4/8 tumors were located in the infratentorial region.Rhabdoid cells, deficient INI1 expression and multiple immunephenotypes were observed in all 8 cases.(2)The percentage of rhabdoid cells in the misdiagnosed group was significantly lower[0.45(0, 0.46)] than that in the confirmed group[0.55(0.40, 0.85)]( Z=-2.064, P=0.039). Conclusions:The causes of misdiagnosis of AT/RT are variable sites of occurrence, diverse histomorphology, multiple phenotypes in immunohistochemistry and rare BRG1 deficiency.For high-grade rhabdoid, epithelioid, and/or embryonic small cell tumors, AT/RT should be differentiated and immunohistochemistry protocols should include INI1 and BRG1.