Objective To investigate the relationship between Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and disease severity and pathological type of intestinal polyps in inpatients. Methods The data of 303 inpatients with intestinal polyps in the hospital from August 2022 to February 2025 were collected and analyzed. The clinical characteristics of patients were analyzed, and the influencing factors of pathological types of polyps were explored. Results Among the 303 inpatients with intestinal polyps, there were 135 Hp positive cases and 168 Hp negative cases. The number of polyps, maximum polyp diameter, number of ileocecus/ascending colon/transverse colon polyps, number of descending colon/sigmoid colon/rectal polyps and adenomatous polyps in the Hp-positive group were higher than those in the Hp-negative group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that age [OR (95%CI)=1.03 (1.01-1.05)] and positive Hp[OR (95%CI)=2.61 (1.62-4.20)] were independent risk factors of occurrence of adenomatous polyps (P<0.05). ROC curve results revealed that the AUCs of age, positive HP and combination in the diagnosis of adenomatous polyps were 0.574, 0.608 and 0.646, and the 95%CI values were 0.509-0.638, 0.545-0.672 and 0.584-0.708 respectively. The efficiency of combination of the two indexes was higher than that of single diagnosis. Conclusion Hp infection is associated with disease severity in inpatients with intestinal polyps, and it may be involved in the occurrence and development of adenomatous polyps.

Objective:To analyze the development trend of medical institution bed allocation in OECD countries and provide insights for optimizing bed resources allocation in China.Methods:Data on indicators of bed allocation and related factors from 1991 to 2022 were collected from the OECD online database.Bed allocation impact dimensions were identified based on health needs and demand theories.The random effect model and correlation analysis were used to explore influencing pathways of bed allocation.Results:The number of beds per 1 000 population and average life expectancy showed a significant positive correlation in countries below the average bed level,while an inverse trend was observed in countries above the average level.The number of long-term care beds per 1000 population showed positive correlation with average life expectancy.Multidimensional factors such as the disease spectrum and bed utilization efficiency were significant correlated with the bed allocation levels.The greater the gap in inpatient and outpatient reimbursement rations,the higher the demand for hospitalization among patients with chronic disease.Conclusions:An optimal number of beds is essential for achieving higher health outcomes.The bed classification planning system should be designed to adapt to demographic changes and strengthen the medical security support system.

Aim To explore the possible regulatory effect of leptin on acyl-CoA synthetase long chain fami-ly member ACSL5 and their effect on migration and in-vasion of breast cancer cell,and to explore the underly-ing mechanism.Methods The expression of leptin receptor was detected by immunofluorescence assay.The migration and invasion ability of MCF-7 cells were detected by wound healing assay and Transwell assay respectively.The downstream target gene of leptin was analyzed by PCR microarray data.The expression of ACSL5 in breast cancer and its correlation with the staging and prognosis of breast cancer patients were as-sessed uing bioinformatics methods.The expression of ACSL5 in MCF-7 cells treated with different concentra-tions of leptin was detected using real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR).Overexpressing ACSL5 was constructed by lentiviral transfection;the expressions of EMT related proteins,AMPK-α and p-AMPK-α were detected by Western blot.Results Leptin promoted breast cancer cell mi-gration and invasion and EMT.ACSL5 was significant-ly low expressed in breast cancer and related to progno-sis.Leptin downregulated the expression of ACSL5 through OBR.Leptin activated AMPK pathway to downregulate ACSL5 and promote migration,invasion and EMT of breast cancer cells.Conclusions Leptin may promote the migration,invasion and EMT of breast cancer by downregulating ACSL5 through activating AMPK pathway.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from Dictamni Cortex.METHODS The 70％ethanol extract from Dictamni Cortex was isolated and purified by HP-20 macroporous resin,silica gel,MCI,ODS and preparative HPLC,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.RESULTS Thirty-three compounds were isolated and identified as rutin(1),apigenin(2),catechin(3),hesperetin(4),leonuriside A(5),androsin(6),2-methoxy-4-acetylphenol-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1"-6')-β-glucopyranoside(7),vanillic acid(8),gallic acid(9),4-hydroxybenzoic acid(10),benzoic acid(11),involcranoside B(12),benzyl β-D-glucopyranoside(13),bphenylethyl-rutinoside(14),1-bromonaphthalene(15),cimifugin(16),9(S),12(S),13(S)-trihydroxyoctadeca-10(E),15(Z)-dienoic acid(17),methyl-9,12,13-trihydroxyoctadeca-10,15-dienoate(18),7,8-dihydroxy-9,12(Z,Z)-octadecadienoic acid(19),vernolic acid(20),9,10(erythro)-dihydroxy-11 E-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester(21),(7Z,9E,13Z)-11-hydroxyhexadeca-7,9,13-trienoic acid(22),(7Z,10Z,14E,16Z,19Z)-13-hydroxydocosa-7,10,14,16,19-pentaenoic acid(23),(9E)-8,11,12-trihydroxyoctadecenoic acid methyl ester(24),n-hexanol-O-rutinoside(25),hexyl β-sophoroside(26),3-pentyl 6'-(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl)-β-D-glucopyranoside(27),3-methylbut-3-enyl-6-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(28),3-methyl-but-2-en-1-yl β-D-glucopyranoside(29),3-methylbutan-1-ol-β-D-glucopyranoside(30),pregnenolone(31),2-butoxytetrahydrofuran(32),psydrin(33).CONCLUSION Compounds 2-4,8-13,15-16,25-28 and 32-33 are isolated from Rutaceae family for the first time.

Objective To optimize the appointment scheduling for MRI examinations to provide new ideas for solving the problems of MRI examinations in resource optimization.Methods A simulation model of time-sharing MRI examination appointment rules was established by conducting a field survey on the MRI examination process in the hospital imaging department.The appointment scheduling rule for MRI examination slots was optimized with the empirical distributions of MRI examination time and patient tardiness time as the input parameters and the weighted averages of patient waiting time,doctor overtime time and equipment idle time as the objective functions.The optimal time slot length and the number of examination sites for each time slot were determined based on the multiple-population differential evolution algorithm,and the response of the appointment scheduling rule to parameter variations was investigated by sensitivity analysis.Results Simulation results showed that the optimal time slot length was 15 min,and that the optimized rule significantly gained advantages over the existing rule in terms of interference resistance when the patient tardiness rate and the number of devices varied.Conclusion The optimized appointment scheduling for MRI examinations based on the multiple-population differential evolution algorithm contributes to enhancing the patient experience and the efficiency of MRI examinations.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(6):88-92]

To investigate the phenotype and genomic characterization of a mucoid-type Salmonella Saintpaul ST50 isolate from a urinary tract infection patient,promoting clinical diagnosis and treatment for urinary tract infections caused by Salmo-nella spp.Culture-based quantitative counts of midstream urine sample from the patient were conducted,and further biochemi-cal identification,mass spectrometry detection,serum agglutination test and antimicrobial susceptibility test(AST)were con-ducted on Salmonella isolate(2024JD5).Whole-genome sequencing(WGS)was performed on isolate 2024JD5 to predict sero-type,multilocus sequence type(MLST),resistance genes,and virulence genes.Two smooth-type of Salmonella Saintpaul ST50 were selected as comparative genomic reference strains from the Chinese local Salmonella genome database.The literature reviews of global Salmonella serotype of urinary tract infection were summarized.Specific serum agglutination confir-mation of isolate 2024JD5 failed due to characterization of the mucus type.The strain 2024JD5 was predicted as Salmonella Saintpaul(4,5,12:e,h:1,2)ST50 using WGS,and was resistant to ciprofloxacin,nalidixic acid,chloramphenicol and tetracy-cline with carrying aminoglycoside resistance genes aac(6')-Ⅰaa and aph(3)-Ⅱa,chloramphenicol resistance gene floR,tetra-cycline resistance gene tet,quinolone resistance gene qnrS1,and S83Y substitution in the gyrA gene was found in the quinolo-ne resistance determination region(QRDR).In addition,the strain 2024JD4 carried six types of non-plasmid-based mobile ge-netic elements and 144 virulence genes,including 71 secretion transporter genes and 58 fimbriae adhesion genes,respectively.Four types of fimbriae regulatory genes(csgB,csgC,fimW,fimY)were absent in comparison with smooth-type Salmonella Saintpaul.The literature reviews showed Salmonella Saintpaul was currently a rare Salmonella serotype in cases of urinary tract infections worldwide.Salmonella Saintpaul ST50 with mucoid-type is the pathogen of urinary tract infection with multi-drug resistant phenotypic and genotypic characteristics,and the high mucoid expression may be related to the compensatory mechanism of fimbriae regulatory genes absence in urinary tract colonization and adaptation.WGS combined with the Chinese local Salmonella genome database can effectively solve the diagnosis and biosafety assessments of rare Salmonella phenotypes.

Objective To investigate the effect of casticin on acute lung injury(ALI)in sepsis mice,and explore its mecha-nism.Methods Sixty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group,low(2.5 mg/kg),medium(5 mg/kg),and high-dose(10 mg/kg)of casticin groups,with 12 mice in each group.Except for the sham operation group,the mice in the other groups were used to establish sepsis models using cecal ligation and puncture(CLP)method.After successful model construction,the mice were continuously administered for 2 days.Blood gas analyzer was used to detect arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO2)and arterial partial pressure of CO2(PaCO2)in mice.The lower lobe of right lung was isolated and the ratio of wet to dry weight was measured.HE staining was used to observe the pathologicalchanges in lung tissue.ELISA was used to measure the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and IL-6 in alveolar lavage fluid(BALF).Fluo-4/AM fluorescence probe labeling method was used to detect intracellular Ca2+concentration in lung tissuecells.Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of calcium channel regulatory protein 1(Orai1),CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein(CHOP)and glucose regulatory protein 78(GRP78)in lung tissue.Results Compared with the sham surgery group,mice in model group showed a significant decrease in PaO2(P<0.05),while PaCO2 and lung tissue wet to dry weight ratio significantly increased(all P<0.05).Thelung tissuestructurewas disrupted,with thickening of alveolar walls,col-lapse of alveoli,interstitial edema,and inflammatory cell infiltration.Levels of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6 in BALF were significantly increased in lung tissue(all P<0.05).The intracellular Ca2+concentration in lung tissue cells and the protein expression levels of Orai1,CHOP,and GRP78 in lung tissue werealso significantly increased(all P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the PaO2 of mice in each dose of casticin group increased(all P<0.05),and PaCO2 and lung tissue wet to dry weight ratio decreased significantly(all P<0.05).The pathological damage to lung tissue was alleviated,and the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 in BALF were significantly reduced(all P<0.05).The intracellular Ca2+concentration in lung tissue cells and the protein expres-sion levels of Orai1,CHOP and GRP78 in lung tissuewerealso significantly reduced(all P<0.05).Effects of high-dose casticin on various indicators were more significant than that of low-dose casticin(all P<0.05).Conclusion Casticin can improve ALI and inhibit inflammatory responsein sepsis mice,and its mechanism may be related to Ca2+influx inhibition and endoplasmic re-ticulum stress alleviation.

Peritoneal fibrosis(PF)is an important reason that restricts long-term treatment of peritoneal dialysis(PD).Based on the theory of collateral disease,PF is considered to be an abdominal collateral disease,with dampness as the main pathogenic factor,and collateral qi deficiency and stagnation,toxicity and blood stasis as the core pathogenesis.The peritoneum is chronically exposed to an inflammatory microenvironment induced by non-biocompatible peritoneal dialysis fluid,reflecting the pathogenic mechanism of dampness-induced pathology.The resultant pathological processes,including damage of peritoneal mesothelial cells,accumulation of inflammatory mediators and metabolic products,and angiogenesis—elucidate the scientific connotation of dampness impairing collaterals and inducing deficiency,toxicity,and stasis.On this basis,the treatment principles of invigorating qi,detoxifying,resolving stasis and unblocking collaterals were proposed,and the Qixue Huazheng prescription was formed with Astragalus as the main ingredient and Centella asiatica and Ligusticum wallichii as the compatibility,which provides a reference for the prevention and treatment of PD-relat-ed PF by traditional Chinese medicine.

BACKGROUND:Macrophage subtypes exhibit tissue heterogeneity,and the adipose tissue macrophage phenotype is largely influenced by obesity.Local and systemic inflammatory responses caused by obese adipose tissue macrophages are considered a vital pathological mechanism of obesity-associated metabolic diseases.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the inflammatory characteristics of different macrophage subtypes in adipose tissue and their relationship with obesity-associated metabolic diseases,aiming to provide a reference basis for targeting specific macrophage subtypes to explore preventive and treatment strategies for obesity-associated metabolic diseases.METHODS:Literature retrieval was conducted in CNKI and PubMed using Chinese and English search terms "obesity,adipose tissue,adipose tissue macrophage,macrophage polarisation,metabolic diseases." The search results were accepted or excluded according to the inclusion criteria.Ninety-one papers that met the criteria were finally included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Macrophages have tissue heterogeneity.Under normal conditions,adipose tissue macrophages are mainly composed of anti-inflammatory M2 resident macrophages,which maintain tissue inflammation homeostasis.Under obese conditions,a large number of foreign infiltrating macrophages surround hypertrophic adipocytes,and most of them exhibit pro-inflammatory characteristics.Therefore,it is believed that adipose tissue macrophages of pro-inflammatory M1 type may actually be a collection of multiple pro-inflammatory subtypes.Further understanding of the characteristics of various pro-inflammatory subtypes helps us to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying inflammatory disorders in obese adipose tissue.(2) In obesity,foreign infiltrating macrophages form crown-like structures around hypertrophic adipocytes.Currently,six different subtypes of the crown-like structure have been identified,most of which exhibit pro-inflammatory properties and a few of which possess anti-inflammatory characteristics.Thus,taking full advantage of the anti-inflammatory subtypes while inhibiting the differentiation of the pro-inflammatory subtypes may be a new target for alleviating inflammatory damage in obese adipose tissue.(3) M3,Mme,CD9+and LAM adipose tissue macrophage subtypes have been found to be involved in the occurrence and development of metabolic diseases such as atherosclerosis,diabetes,insulin resistance,and cancer.DARC+and Mfehi adipose tissue macrophage subtypes play a vital role in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,obesity insulin resistance,iron death,and other related metabolic diseases.The above studies further suggest that inflammatory disorders caused by externally infiltrated macrophages in obese adipose tissue are an important pathological basis for obesity-induced metabolic diseases.Further in-depth research on the characteristics of various subtypes has important theoretical and practical significance.

Premature ovarian insufficiency(POI),also known as premature ovarian failure(POF),is one of the major causes of female infertility.Its incidence has been increasing year by year,seriously af-fecting women's reproductive health and becoming an increasingly serious public health problem world-wide.The pathogenesis of POI is complex and may be related to genetic,immune and environmental fac-tors,but in recent years,oxidative stress(OS)has received widespread attention as a key factor that can affect the function of ovarian granulosa cells(GCs),which can lead to the occurrence of POI.Reactive oxygen species(ROS)regulate the proliferation,survival and apoptosis of GCs through multiple signaling pathways,such as PI3K-Akt,MAPK,TGF-β/Smad,Notch,etc.AMPK and mitochondrial autophagy play important roles in attenuating the ROS damage and protecting the ovarian function.Excessive ROS disrupts the autophagy and lysosomal functions,leading to the accumulation of intracellular waste prod-ucts,thus affecting the physiological function and endocrine stability of GCs.In addition,OS can in-crease the risk of POI by affecting hormone synthesis and disrupting the function of GCs,leading to an imbalance in estrogen and progesterone levels.Herein we review the mechanism of OS in POI,explore how OS affects ovarian decline through the regulation of signaling pathways and cellular functions,and provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of POI,which in turn provides new research ideas for its early diagnosis and prevention.