Abstract To improve adolescent health behavior, the study summarizes and analyzes the performance, pathways of transmission, and influencing factors of the intergenerational transmission of adolescent health behaviors from the perspective of intergenerational transmission. The study emphasizes the need to deepen research on the intergenerational transmission of adolescent health behaviors, promote multidisciplinary and cross team collaboration, and shift adolescent health care from individual focused care to a holistic approach that prioritizes family and community culture. Simultaneously, an action framework should be established to block the intergenerational transmission of health risk behaviors, with a focus on childhood and adolescence. Additionally, parent-child participatory health education and health promotion activities should be carried out under a tripartite coordinated intervention model involving the community, school, and family, collectively fostering the development of healthy behaviors among adolescents.

ObjectiveTo construct an actor-network for integrating physical activity into rehabilitation services based on the World Health Organization Rehabilitation in Health Service System framework and actor-network theory (ANT). MethodsContent analysis was employed using the six building blocks of health service systems as the theoretical framework. Actors related to rehabilitation services were extracted and categorized into a rehabilitation actor pool, while a physical activity actor pool was formed based on four major physical activity scenarios. Actors from both pools were integrated, deduplicated and classified to form a final list of integrated actors. Using ANT, the construction process of the actor network integrating physical activity into rehabilitation was analyzed through the four stages of translation: problematization, interessment, enrollment and mobilization. ResultsA dynamic integration network was constructed, comprising human actors (patients, rehabilitation professionals, researchers, sports coaches, government departments, medical institutions, community organizations and industry media, etc.) and non-human actors (assistive devices, sports infrastructure, smart equipment, information systems, online exercise guidance systems, laws and regulations, strategic documents, and exercise prescriptions, etc.). The study identified maximizing rehabilitation outcomes as the mandatory passage point and elaborated on the critical role of government departments as focal actors in coordinating various stakeholders. ConclusionThe integration of physical activity into rehabilitation services is a dynamic network constructed by diverse actors through a process of translation. ANT provides an operational theoretical framework for cross-departmental governance of rehabilitation policies in China, promotes the spatial expansion of the rehabilitation field, and drives its transformation toward a networked and ecological system. The government needs to play a leading role in facilitating role reconstruction and synergy among heterogeneous actors in both the sports and rehabilitation sectors through mechanism design, to create a bidirectional empowerment mechanism that fosters mutual progress and ensures the sustainable development of integrated services.

Lung transplantation is a definitive treatment for end-stage lung disease and can significantly improve patient prognosis. However, postoperative complications such as infection, rejection, ischemia-reperfusion injury and chronic lung allograft dysfunction intertwine to form a complex pathological network, posing persistent challenges to long-term patient survival. In 2025, research teams worldwide have made systematic progress in the field of basic lung transplantation research. By integrating cutting-edge technologies including single-cell multi-omics, spatial transcriptomics and novel animal models, significant breakthroughs have been achieved in the evolutionary dynamics of drug-resistant infections, molecular mechanisms of immune regulation, programmed cell death, optimization of donor lung protection strategies and early warning of chronic lung allograft dysfunction. This article systematically reviews the representative advances in basic lung transplantation research worldwide in 2025, and deeply analyzes the implications of mechanistic breakthroughs for optimizing diagnosis and treatment strategies, aiming to anchor the direction for innovative breakthroughs and clinical translation in basic lung transplantation research.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a life-threatening gastrointestinal disorder for which no effective pharmacological treatments are currently available. One of the pharmacological targets that merits further research is the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R), which is found on pancreatic acinar cells and responds to the neuropeptide substance P (SP) that participates in AP. Although a few studies have stated the involvement of SP/NK1R in neurogenic inflammation in AP development, the regulatory mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we found that following activation of NK1R by SP, β-arrestin1, a scaffold protein of NK1R, down-regulated transcription of Adss, Adsl, and Ampd in the purine nucleotide cycle, thereby inhibiting mitochondrial function through fumarate depletion. Interestingly, we identified magnolol as a new and natural NK1R inhibitor with a non-nitrogenous biphenyl core structure. It exhibited a beneficial effect on AP by restoring purine nucleotide cycle metabolic enzymes and fumarate levels. Our study not only provides new therapeutic strategies, leading compounds, and drug translation possibilities for AP, but also provides important clues for the study of downstream mechanisms driven by SP in other diseases.

Local anesthetics (LAs), such as articaine (AT), exhibit limited efficacy in inflammatory environments, which constitutes a significant limitation in their clinical application within oral medicine. In our prior research, we developed AT-17, which demonstrated effective properties in chronic inflammatory conditions and appears to function as a novel oral LA that could address this challenge. In the present study, we further elucidated the beneficial effects of AT-17 in acute inflammation, particularly in oral acute inflammation, where mitochondrial-related apoptosis played a crucial role. Our findings indicated that AT-17 effectively inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nerve cell apoptosis by ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro. This process involved the inhibition of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production and the subsequent activation of the NRF2 pathway. Most notably, improvements in mitochondria-related apoptosis were key contributors to AT-17's inhibition of voltage-gated sodium channels. Additionally, AT-17 was shown to reduce mtROS production in nerve cells through the Na⁺/NCLX/ETC signaling axis. In conclusion, we have developed a novel local anesthetic that exhibits pronounced anesthetic functionality under inflammatory conditions by enhancing mitochondria-related apoptosis. This advancement holds considerable promise for future drug development and deepening our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of action.

Early correction of childhood malocclusion is timely managing morphological, structural, and functional abnormalities at different dentomaxillofacial developmental stages. The selection of appropriate imaging examination and comprehensive radiological diagnosis and analysis play an important role in early correction of childhood malocclusion. This expert consensus is a collaborative effort by multidisciplinary experts in dentistry across the nation based on the current clinical evidence, aiming to provide general guidance on appropriate imaging examination selection, comprehensive and accurate imaging assessment for early orthodontic treatment patients.
Humans ; Malocclusion/diagnostic imaging* ; Child ; Consensus

Microwave thermochemotherapy (MTC) has been applied to treat lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), but a deeper understanding of its therapeutic mechanisms and molecular biology is needed. To address this, we used single-cell transcriptomics (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST) to highlight the pivotal role of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) among tumor-infiltrating immune cells and their therapeutic response to MTC. MNDA⁺ TANs with anti-tumor activity (N1-phenotype) are found to be abundantly infiltrated by MTC with benefit of increased blood perfusion, and these TANs are characterized by enhanced cytotoxicity, ameliorated hypoxia, and upregulated IL1B, activating T&NK cells and fibroblasts via IL1B-IL1R. In this highly anti-tumor immunogenic and hypoxia-reversed microenvironment under MTC, fibroblasts accumulated in the tumor front (TF) can recruit N1-TANs via CXCL2-CXCR2 and clear N2-TANs (pro-tumor phenotype) via CXCL12-CXCR4, which results in the aggregation of N1-TANs and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. In addition, we construct an N1-TANs marker, MX2, which positively correlates with better prognosis in LSCC patients, and employ deep learning techniques to predict expression of MX2 from hematoxylin-eosin (H&E)-stained images so as to conveniently guide decision making in clinical practice. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the N1-TANs/fibroblasts defense wall formed in response to MTC effectively combat LSCC.
Humans ; Neutrophils/metabolism* ; Single-Cell Analysis ; Lip Neoplasms/genetics* ; Hyperthermia, Induced/methods* ; Microwaves/therapeutic use* ; Transcriptome ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/immunology* ; Tumor Microenvironment

Objective: To examine the mediating effect of resilience on AIDS-related stress and patient-reported outcome among elderly cases with HIV/AIDS, so as to provide the basis for promoting mental health and improving health outcomes of this population. Methods: From June to July 2024, elderly cases with HIV/AIDS receiving treatment in the infectious diseases department of a tertiary-level hospital in Sichuan Province and undergoing follow-up management at 12 community health service centers in Wuhou District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, were selected as study participants using convenience sampling method. Data on demographic information, duration since confirmed diagnosis and the most recent CD4+T lymphocyte count were collected through questionnaire surveys. The Chinese versions of the HIV/AIDS Stress Scale, the Chinese versions of the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Patient-Reported Outcome Scale for Elderly HIV/AIDS Patients were used to assess AIDS-related stress, resilience, and patient-reported outcome, respectively. Structural equation modeling was performed using Mplus 8.3 software to analyze the mediating effect of resilience on AIDS-related stress and patient-reported outcome. The Bootstrap method was employed to test the significance of the mediating effect. Results: A total of 424 elderly HIV/AIDS cases were included, with a mean age of (62.04±8.73) years. Among them, 315 (74.29%) were males and 109 (25.71%) were females. The median scores were 23.00 (interquartile range, 11.00) points for AIDS-related stress, 30.00 (interquartile range, 7.00) points for resilience, and 363.45 (interquartile range, 53.03) points for the total score of patient-reported outcome. Resultsof the mediation effect analysis revealed that AIDS-related stress had a direct negative effect on patient-reported outcome (β=-0.608, 95%CI: -0.742 to -0.465). It also exerted an indirect negative effect on patient-reported outcome through the mediating role of resilience (β=-0.258, 95%CI: -0.364 to -0.158), with the mediating effect accounting for 29.79% of the total effect. Conclusion AIDS-related stress among elderly cases with HIV/AIDS can directly or indirectly negatively affect patient-reported outcome through resilience.

Objective To observe hierarchical differences in brain functional networks in unilateral mesial temporal lobe epilepsy(mTLE)patients with different outcomes after surgery.Methods A total of 69 unilateral mTLE patients who underwent resection of epileptogenic lesion on the affected side were retrospectively enrolled.Based on Engel classification 1 year after surgery,the patients were divided into seizure free(SF)group and non-seizure free(NSF)group.Functional connectivity gradient analysis was employed to extract principal gradient explaining the highest variance on preoperative resting-state functional MRI(rs-fMRI),then the whole-brain gradient characteristics and principal gradient values within specific functional networks were compared between groups.Results Principal gradient connected default mode network(DMN)with sensorimotor network(SMN)along a continuous axis.Compared to SF group,NSF group showed a contracted gradient range at both ends(DMN and SMN)of the functional network and weakened hierarchical differentiation,and principal gradient value of DMN was higher,while that of SMN was lower than those in SF group(both P＜0.05).Conclusion Hierarchical differences in brain functional networks in unilateral mTLE patients with different outcomes after surgery mainly present as enhanced DMN and weakened SMN in NSF ones,and the latter two might serve as important neuroimaging markers for evaluating postoperative seizure recurrence.

Objective To observe the value of machine learning(ML)models based on brain functional network features combining clinical indicators for predicting postoperative outcomes of patients with drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy(DR-mTLE).Methods Totally 84 patients with unilateral DR-mTLE who underwent surgery were retrospectively enrolled and classified into seizure free(SF)group(n=55)and non-seizure free(NSF)group(n=29)according to one-year postoperative follow-up.Clinical data were analyzed to screen independent predictors of postoperative outcomes.Based on brain preoperative resting-state functional MRI,brain functional networks were constructed using graph theory analysis,and 587 features were extracted.Five-fold cross validation was used to divide the data into training set and test set,then the optimal brain functional network features related to postoperative outcomes of DR-mTLE patients were selected.Combining with clinically relevant independent predictors,ML models were constructed using classifiers including Gaussian process(GP),logistic regression(LR),support vector machine(SVM)and quadratic discriminant analysis(QDA),respectively,and the prediction efficacy,calibration and clinical value of each ML model were evaluated.Results Both course of disease and lesion location were clinically relevant independent predictors of postoperative outcome of DR-mTLE patients(OR=0.928,5.710,P=0.010,0.016).Four optimal brain function network features were selected,including betweenness centrality of the third zone of cerebellar vermis,degree centrality of right globus pallidus,nodal efficiency of temporal left inferior temporal gyrus and nodal clustering coefficient of left inferior parietal lobule.The average area under the curve(AUC)of GP,LR,SVM and QDA models in test set was 0.868,0.864,0.875 and 0.870,respectively.Calibration curves and decision curve analysis indicated that each ML model had good calibration and high clinical net benefit.Conclusion ML models based on brain functional network features combining with clinical indicators could be used to effectively predict postoperative outcomes in DR-mTLE patients.