Abstract To understand the impact of negative behavior patterns on the physical and psychological health of secondary vocational school students, the study systematically reviews the multidimensional and co-occurring characteristics of behavioral risk aggregation with physical and psychological health problems among secondary vocational school students, analyzes the intertwined influence of new and traditional behavioral risk factors, and explores a comprehensive intervention framework centered on multidimensional rhythm reshaping and individual-family-school-society multi level intervention pathways, providing theoretical reference for promoting the health of secondary vocational school students.

Objective: To investigate the association of special family structure and physical activity with psychological sub health among secondary vocational school students, so as to provide reference to inform mental health promotion in the population. Methods: From September to December 2024, a convenience sample was drawn from 16 schools including 5 141 secondary vocational school students across 8 provinces (municipalities) in China (Fujian, Chongqing, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Jiangxi, Shanghai, Zhejiang). A self developed questionnaire, Multidimensional Sub health Questionnaire of Adolescents and International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form were used to investigate and evaluate basic information, family structure, psychological sub health status and physical activity. Descriptive statistics and Logistic regression analysis were performed to explore relationships of special family structures and physical activity with psychological sub health in secondary vocational school students. Results: The detection rate of psychological sub health among secondary vocational school students was 11.0%. The reporting rates for secondary vocational school students who lost their father or lost their mother, whose parents divorced, whose parents remarried, and those from special family structures were 2.8%, 0.8%, 11.8%, 3.9%, and 14.7%, respectively. Moreover, the detection rates of psychological sub health and its sub dimensions significantly differed among secondary vocational school students grouped by family type (divorced parental families, remarried parental families and special family structures)( χ 2=5.90-22.67, all P <0.05). Binary Logistic regression indicated that maternal bereavement was associated with a higher risk of conduct problems [ AOR ( 95% CI )= 2.90(1.15-7.33)], and parental divorce was associated with a higher risk of psychological sub health ( AOR= 2.71 , 95%CI =1.04- 7.06 ) among secondary vocational school students (both P <0.05). Interaction analysis showed that both students with a special family structure and insufficient physical activity [ AOR (95% CI )=1.99(1.44-2.75)] and those with a non-special family structure and insufficient physical activity [ AOR (95% CI )=1.81(1.48-2.22)] were associated with increased risks of psychological sub health among secondary vocational school students (both P <0.01). Conclusion Special family structure and physical activity are associated with psychological sub health among secondary vocational school students; early identification and assessment based interventions for those with a special family structure should be strengthened, while school based physical activity should be implemented to increase physical activity levels,thereby reducing the risk of psychological sub health.

Objective: To understand the current status of psychological sub health among secondary vocational school students and explore its related factors, so as to provide a scientific basis for improving their mental health. Methods: From September to December 2024, a convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among 5 141 secondary vocational school students from 16 schools across 8 provinces and municipalities (Fujian, Chongqing, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Jiangxi, Shanghai, Zhejiang). A self designed questionnaire was used to collect data on students demographic characteristics and lifestyle behaviors. The Multidimensional Sub health Questionnaire of Adolescents was adopted to assess psychological sub health status. Multivariate binary Logistic stepwise regression analysis was performed to explore the related factors of psychological sub health among secondary vocational school students. Results: The detection rate of psychological sub health among secondary vocational school students was 11.0%, with detection rates of emotional problems, conduct problems, and social adaptation difficulty being 12.3 %, 12.5%, and 9.5%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed that boys and students whose fathers had an educational level of primary school or below, and junior high school, had relatively lower risks of developing psychological sub health or emotional problems, conduct problems, and social adaptation difficulty ( OR =0.55-0.64, all P <0.05). Conversely, students with urban household registration, those with left behind experience, those with poor self rated family economic status, those from other family structures, those classified as overweight and obesity, and those with sleep disorders, frequent consumption of sugar sweetened beverages, frequent consumption of takeout/delivery food, smoking, alcohol consumption, and low to moderate physical activity levels exhibited significantly higher risks across psychological sub health or emotional problems,conduct problems, and social adaptation difficulty ( OR =1.25-4.79, all P <0.05). Conclusions The psychological sub health condition of secondary vocational school students should not be neglected. Psychological sub health of secondary vocational school students is related to multiple factors such as demographic characteristics and lifestyle behaviors. Multi dimensional intervention measures should be implemented to improve their mental health.

Objective: To examine the characteristics of physical activity among secondary vocational school students and its associations with depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and their co-existence, so as to provide evidence for promoting their mental health. Methods: From September to December 2024, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 5 141 secondary vocational school students using convenience sampling method across 16 secondary vocational schools in 8 provinces/municipalities, including Fujian, Chongqing, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Jiangxi, Shanghai and Zhejiang. A self designed questionnaire, International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 were used to assess basic information, physical activity characteristics, and depressive and anxiety symptoms. Chi-square test and Logistic regression model were used to analyze the associations of physical activity characteristics with depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and their co-existence. Results: Among secondary vocational school students, 22.2% had depressive symptoms, 12.2% had anxiety symptoms, and 10.5% had both conditions. After adjustment for confounding factors such as sex, grade, and family structure, Logistic regression analyses showed that a high physical activity level, meeting the recommendation for daily moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and a concentrated physical activity pattern were associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and their co-existence ( OR =0.70-0.81, all P <0.05). Regular weekly MVPA and a regular physical activity pattern were associated only with lower odds of depressive symptoms ( OR =0.79, 0.70, both P <0.05). Sex stratified analyses showed that meeting the recommendation for daily MVPA and a concentrated physical activity pattern were associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and their co-existence among boys ( OR =0.60-0.71); a high physical activity level, regular weekly MVPA, and a regular physical activity pattern were associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms among boys ( OR =0.65-0.78)(all P <0.05). Meanwhile, a high physical activity level, meeting the recommendation for daily MVPA, regular weekly MVPA, and regular and concentrated physical activity patterns were associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms in female students ( OR =0.72-0.79) (all P <0.05). Conclusions Physical activity characteristics are associated with depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and their co-existence among secondary vocational school students. Schools should optimize physical activity promotion strategies according to sex specific characteristics to reduce the occurrence of depressive and anxiety symptoms among secondary vocational school students.

Objective: To analyze the compliance status of physical fitness indicator and lifestyle characteristics among secondary vocational school students, as well as their associations, so as to provide a reference for physical fitness promotion among secondary vocational school students. Methods: Using a convenience sampling method, a questionnaire survey and physical fitness tests were conducted from September to December 2024 among 5 141 secondary vocational school students recruited from 16 secondary vocational schools across 8 provinces/municipalities in China, including Fujian, Chongqing, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Jiangxi, Shanghai and Zhejiang. Data on lifestyle factors were collected using a self designed questionnaire combined with standardized scales, including dietary habits, unhealthy behaviors, and 24 hour behaviors (physical activity, screen time, and sleep behavior). Multivariable Logistic regression model was used to analyze the associations of individual lifestyle behaviors and clustering of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors with non-compliance in physical fitness indicators among secondary vocational school students. Results: The compliance rates for waist circumference, vital capacity, grip strength, standing long jump, 30 second sit ups, 20 meter shuttle run, 50 meter dash, sit and reach, 20 second side steps among secondary vocational school students were 55.9%, 89.6%, 81.8%, 79.4%, 77.8%, 61.4%, 87.0%, 12.6%, and 63.5%, respectively, with a non-overweight/obesity rate of 78.9%. The reporting rates of daily breakfast consumption, milk consumption, and vegetable consumption were 58.9%, 18.3%, and 37.5%, respectively. The reporting rates of frequent takeout consumption, frequent sugar sweetened beverage consumption, smoking, alcohol drinking, insufficient moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), excessive screen time, and insufficient sleep were 30.0%, 43.8%, 8.4%, 15.8%, 42.9%, 90.8%, and 42.6%, respectively. Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that secondary vocational school students with insufficient MVPA had higher risks of non-compliance in vital capacity, grip strength, standing long jump, 30 second sit ups, 20 meter shuttle run, 50 meter dash, and 20 second side steps ( OR =1.22- 1.60 ); secondary vocational school students who consumed breakfast daily had lower risks of non-compliance in vital capacity and overweight/obesity ( OR =0.81, 0.85); daily vegetable consumption was associated with a lower risk of vital capacity non-compliance ( OR =0.72); frequent takeout consumption was associated with an increased risk of non-compliance in the sit and reach test ( OR =1.28); smoking was associated with increased risks of non-compliance in the 20 meter shuttle run and 20 second side steps ( OR =1.38, 1.58) (all P <0.05). Regarding the clustering of unhealthy behaviors, secondary vocational school students with 4- 5 clustered unhealthy behaviors had higher risks of non-compliance in waist circumference and standing long jump; those with≥6 clustered behaviors had higher risks of non-compliance in standing long jump, 20 meter shuttle run, and 20 second side step ( OR = 1.17-1.36, all P <0.05). Conclusions The clustering of unhealthy behaviors is negatively associated with physical fitness status among secondary vocational school students. Secondary vocational schools should prioritize the promotion of comprehensive lifestyle management to improve the physical fitness levels of secondary vocational school students.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms and their co-occurrence among secondary vocational school students and to examine their associations with physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST), so as to provide evidence for promoting mental health of the students. Methods: From September to December 2024, a convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among 5 141 students across 16 secondary vocational schools in eight provincial level regions of China, including Fujian, Chongqing, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Jiangxi, Shanghai, and Zhejiang. Information on general demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, and depressive and anxiety symptoms was collected using questionnaires. Multivariable Logistic regression model was used to analyze the associations of PA, ST with depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and their co-occurrence. Results: The detection rates of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and their co-occurrence among secondary vocational school students were 22.2%, 12.2%, and 10.5%, respectively. Univariate analyses showed that sex, left behind experience, maternal education level, family economic status, body mass index category, family structure, smoking, alcohol consumption, sugar sweetened beverage intake, eating takeout, sleep duration, PA, and ST were associated with the detection rates of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and their cooccurrence ( χ 2=3.94-110.51, all P <0.05). Multivariable Logistic regression analyses showed that failure to meet the PA recommendation was associated with higher risks of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and their co-occurrence ( OR =1.44, 1.33, 1.25); failure to meet the daily ST recommendation was associated with higher risks of anxiety symptoms and co-occurring depressive and anxiety symptoms ( OR = 1.51,1.76) (all P < 0.05 ). Combined analysis showed that, compared with the group meeting both PA and ST guidelines, students who met neither guideline, and those who failed the PA guideline but met the ST guideline had higher risks of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and their co-occurrence ( OR =1.88-2.96); students who met PA recommendation but failed ST guidelines had higher risks of anxiety symptoms and co-occurring depressive and anxiety symptoms ( OR =2.03, 2.46) (all P <0.05). Conclusions Insufficient PA is associated with depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and their co-occurrence among secondary vocational school students, whereas excessive screen time is associated with anxiety symptoms and co-occurring depressive and anxiety symptoms. These associations are more pronounced when insufficient PA and excessive screen time occurred simultaneously.

Noise-induced hearing loss is a worldwide public health issue that is characterized by temporary or permanent changes in hearing sensitivity. This condition is closely linked to inflammatory responses, and interventions targeting the inflammatory gene tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) are known to mitigate cochlear noise damage. TNFα-induced proteins (TNFAIPs) are a family of translucent acidic proteins, and TNFAIP6 has a notable association with inflammatory responses. To date, there have been few reports on TNFAIP6 levels in the inner ear. To elucidate the precise mechanism, we generated transgenic mouse models with conditional knockout of Tnfaip6 (Tnfaip6 cKO). Evaluation of hair cell morphology and function revealed no significant differences in hair cell numbers or ribbon synapses between Tnfaip6 cKO and wild-type mice. Moreover, there were no notable variations in hair cell numbers or hearing function in noisy environments. Our results indicate that Tnfaip6 does not have a substantial impact on the auditory system.
Animals ; Mice, Knockout ; Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner/pathology* ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem/physiology*

ObjectiveTo improve the quality and service performance of community visual health services in Shanghai, and to establish a set of reasonable and effective evaluation index system for community visual health services. MethodsCentered on the national and Shanghai-based visual health policies and based on the current status and development trends of community visual health service program in Shanghai, the candidate indicators were formed through literature review and expert interviews, firstly. The framework of an evaluation index system was formulated through qualitative research successively, which was further revised and perfected using the Delphi method. Coefficient weights were calculated using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), culminating in the establishment of the community visual health evaluation index system, lastly. ResultsA total of 22 visual health experts from district-level center for disease control, hospital ophthalmology and leaders in charging of visual health service in community health centers participated in the Delphi questionnaire survey, with a questionnaire recovery rate of 100% and an expert authority coefficient of 0.86, indicating high credibility. After a round of correspondence to experts’ importance ratings and discussions, a comprehensive evaluation index system comprising 3 primary indicators, 12 secondary indicators, and 47 tertiary indicators, along with 5 additional indicators, was finalized. ConclusionAn index system tailored to effective evaluation for community visual health initiatives was drawn up in this study, which can promote the capacity building in community eye health services, facilitating the high-quality development of visual health courses, and enhancing residents’ eye health.

Objective:To explore the applicability of modified comprehensive interventions in the treatment of non-severe dry eye syndrome in military pilots.Methods:A total of 88 military pilots with non-severe dry eye syndrome admitted to the Special Service Department of the 988th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force between December 2021 and December 2023 were divided into an intervention group and a control group using the random number table method, with 44 cases in each. The intervention group received modified comprehensive interventions, while the control group underwent conventional treatment. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), break-up time, tear meniscus height, changes in meibomian gland function, and levels of satisfaction of military pilots were compared between the 2 groups. The correlations between the OSDI, break-up time, tear meniscus height and levels of satisfaction were analyzed.Results:Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the OSDI between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment, the changes in the OSDI of military pilots were smaller in the intervention group than in the control group ( t=3.21, P=0.002). After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, the break-up time (both P<0.001) and tear meniscus height ( P<0.001, =0.012) of pilots in the intervention group exceeded those of the control group. In both groups, the break-up time (all P<0.001) and tear meniscus height (all P<0.001) kept increasing after treatment. After 4 weeks of treatment, there were significant differences in the distribution of meibomian gland function between the 2 groups ( Z=-2.55, -2.41, -2.29, P=0.011, 0.016, 0.022). Clinical care, procedure flow, and health education scored higher in the intervention group than in the control group during the survey on levels of satisfaction with the treatment ( t=6.55, 6.77, 3.63, all P≤0.001). The OSDI was negatively correlated with clinical care, procedure flow and health education ( r=-0.286, -0.275, -0.363, P=0.007, 0.010, 0.001) while the break-up time was positively correlated with clinical care and procedure flow ( r=0.248, 0.278, P=0.020, 0.009). Conclusions:The implementation of modified comprehensive intervention measures for dry eye syndrome in military pilots can effectively improve clinical symptoms and leave military pilots more satisfied.

Ferritin, a ubiquitous protein in living organisms, plays a crucial role in storing and converting iron, as well as maintaining cellular iron metabolism balance. Due to the ability of self-assembling into unique nanocage-like structures in vitro and the special physicochemical properties, ferritin has garnered extensive attention in the biomedical field. This paper provides a brief overview of the structure and cargo loading strategies of ferritin, with a specific focus on its applications in various biological fields such as nanomedicine, bioimaging, and nanoparticle vaccine carriers. The aim is to offer a valuable reference for the future research involving ferritin nanoparticles.
Ferritins/chemistry* ; Nanoparticles/chemistry* ; Humans ; Nanomedicine/methods* ; Animals