Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is endemic to southern China. Currently, its treatment and prognosis reply primarily on the TNM staging system and EBV-DNA testing; however, these parameters have limitations in fully capturing the tumor’s biological heterogeneity and the host's immunonutritional status. In recent years, systemic inflammatory and nutritional indices, such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and skeletal muscle index (SMI), have proven effective for assessing systemic inflammation and nutritional status. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that these indicators are closely associated with treatment response, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) in NPC patients, and also show promise in predicting the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. This review aims to systematically elaborate on the prognostic value of these inflammatory and nutritional indicators in the context of NPC immunotherapy, to inform the development of individualized precision treatment strategies.

Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang was first recorded in the Treatise on Cold Damage （Shang Han Lun）. This prescription is composed of Bupleuri Radix， Scutellariae Radix， Cinnamomi Ramulus， Zingiberis Rhizoma， Trichosanthis Radix， Ostreae Concha， and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. It has the effects of soothing Lesser Yang， warming the spleen， and stimulating the generation of body fluid. It is mainly used to treat digestive tract diseases such as chronic cholecystitis （CC）， irritable bowel syndrome， and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Dyspepsia caused by CC presents a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain， poor appetite， postprandial fullness， aversion to greasy food， soft stool， and bitter mouth， being a type of biliary dyspepsia. In modern medicine， dyspepsia caused by CC is mainly managed by medical treatment and surgical treatment. Internal medicine mainly focuses on reducing inflammation， promoting the function of gallbladder， resolving stones， alleviating spasms， and relieving the pain for CC， demonstrating definite short-term efficacy but suffering from single effects， high recurrence rate， and poor compliance. Although surgical treatment can cure cholecystitis， it is accompanied by the increased incidence of adverse events such as abdominal pain， diarrhea， and dyspepsia. Modern clinical studies have confirmed that Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang can significantly alleviate the symptoms such as abdominal pain and dyspepsia of CC patients. Pharmacological studies have found that Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang mainly contains active ingredients such as Bupleuri Radix saponins， baicalin， cinnamaldehyde， gingerol， Trichosanthis Radix polysaccharide， Ostreae Concha polysaccharide， and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma total flavonoids. Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang can ameliorate the symptoms of dyspepsia caused by CC by inhibiting inflammatory responses， improving gallbladder contraction and gastrointestinal motility， regulating the bile acid-intestinal flora axis and the brain-gut axis， and modulating blood lipids through multiple targets. By reviewing the previous literature， this article summarizes the research progress in the treatment of dyspepsia caused by CC with Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang and its main active ingredients as well as the pathogenesis of this disease and puts forward the shortcomings and improvement strategies for the current research. The review aims to provide a reference for the further research on Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang in the treatment of dyspepsia caused by CC.

Hip fractures in the elderly are characterized by high incidence, high disability, and high mortality rates. Early, scientifically, and safe weight-bearing exercises are crucial for promoting functional recovery and reducing complications. Intelligent intervention is revolutionizing the field of rehabilitation through real-time monitoring, data-driven decision-making, and remote management, demonstrating particular potential in optimizing weight-bearing exercises. This paper systematically reviews the current application status of various types of intelligent interventions, such as real-time monitoring and feedback systems, intelligent rehabilitation assistance, and virtual reality technology in weight-bearing exercises for elderly hip fracture patients. This paper also analyzes their advantages in developing personalized rehabilitation plans, enabling precise monitoring and feedback, and preventing fall risks and explores challenges currently faced by intelligent interventions, such as device technical maturity, patient acceptance, economic costs, and data security. The purpose of this paper is to guide future technological optimization, clinical research, and policy support, thereby advancing the application of intelligent interventions in postoperative rehabilitation.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of AlignRT-guided positioning by comparing two positioning workflows for pelvic tumor radiotherapy,and to further explore the feasibility of using it to replace skin marker alignment.Methods Forty cases of pelvic tumor treated with radiotherapy using Infinity accelerator in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between March 2022 and March 2023 were included in the study,with 20 cases using the skin marker alignment workflow and the other 20 adopting AlignRT-guided positioning workflow.The translational errors(LAT,LNG,VRT)and rotational errors(Yaw,Pitch,Roll)were determined by the registration of pre-treatment cone-beam CT(CBCT)with planned CT.Both CBCT shifts and error offset distributions were analyzed;planning target volume(PTV)margins were calculated;and correlation analyses were conducted among six-dimensional errors,and between body mass index and setup errors.Results The median translational and rotational setup errors of skin marker alignment workflow vs AlignRT-guided positioning workflow were 0.19-0.34 cm vs 0.10-0.15 cm and 0.50°-1.30°vs 0.50°-0.70°,with the maximum offset ranges of 1.20-1.70 cm vs 0.42-0.47 cm and 2.00°-5.50° vs 1.80°-2.00°,respectively.Additionally,for skin marker alignment workflow,inter-fractional errors>0.5 cm and>3° were observed in 23.3%and 9.8%of fractions.The PTV margins of AlignRT-guided positioning workflow were 0.37,0.38 and 0.34 cm in the left-right,superior-inferior and anterior-posterior directions,respectively,which were much smaller than those of skin marker alignment workflow(0.67,1.22 and 0.95 cm).No correlation was found between six-dimensional errors in two positioning workflows.When using AlignRT-guided positioning workflow,the setup errors in LAT,LNG and Pitch directions had low correlations with body mass index.Conclusion In pelvic tumor radiotherapy,AlignRT-guided positioning can reduce translational and rotational errors,achieve precise setup and excellent inter-fractional reproducibility and stability,and replace traditional skin marker alignment while being used in conjunction with CBCT.

Hip fractures in the elderly are characterized by high incidence, high disability, and high mortality rates. Early, scientifically, and safe weight-bearing exercises are crucial for promoting functional recovery and reducing complications. Intelligent intervention is revolutionizing the field of rehabilitation through real-time monitoring, data-driven decision-making, and remote management, demonstrating particular potential in optimizing weight-bearing exercises. This paper systematically reviews the current application status of various types of intelligent interventions, such as real-time monitoring and feedback systems, intelligent rehabilitation assistance, and virtual reality technology in weight-bearing exercises for elderly hip fracture patients. This paper also analyzes their advantages in developing personalized rehabilitation plans, enabling precise monitoring and feedback, and preventing fall risks and explores challenges currently faced by intelligent interventions, such as device technical maturity, patient acceptance, economic costs, and data security. The purpose of this paper is to guide future technological optimization, clinical research, and policy support, thereby advancing the application of intelligent interventions in postoperative rehabilitation.

After ostomy surgery, patients lose the ability to control their anal sphincter, relying on ostomy pouches for excretion. Convex baseplates offer several advantages, including preventing leakage, reducing the risk of stoma and peripheral skin complications, and adapting to the dynamic stoma shapes caused by peristaltic expansion and contraction of the stoma. This article reviews the structure and features of convex baseplates, usage considerations, existing challenges, and future prospects, aiming to provide a reference for the standardized clinical use of convex baseplates and to improve patient health outcomes.

Objective:To investigate the current status of convex baseplate selection and use among clinical nurses.Methods:A convenience sampling method was employed to survey 1 873 nurses from 180 hospitals across China between November and December 2024 using a general information questionnaire and a self-designed questionnaire on convex baseplate selection and use. A total of 1 873 questionnaires were distributed, and 1 860 valid responses were collected, yielding a response rate of 99.31% (1 860/1 873) .Results:Among the 1 860 nurses, 88.98% (1 655/1 860) had access to convex baseplates in clinical practice. However, only 8.82% (146/1 655) used them immediately postoperatively, and only 4.53% (75/1 655) chose convex baseplates without considering any product features. The five common clinical indications for convex baseplate use included stoma retraction (96.62%, 1 599/1 655) , peristomal skin folds or depressions (96.56%, 1 598/1 655) , flush stomas (80.12%, 1 326/1 655) , leakage (70.03%, 1 159/1 655) , and abdominal laxity (66.89%, 1 107/1 655) . Common contraindications for use included peristomal varicose veins (77.46%, 1 282/1 655) , peristoma pressure injuries (75.35%, 1 247/1 655) , stoma prolapse (74.50%, 1 233/1 655) , parastomal hernia (72.87%, 1 206/1 655) , and pyoderma gangrenosum (67.01%, 1 109/1 655) . Key assessment areas when selecting convex baseplates included the stoma itself (97.28%, 1 610/1 655) , peristomal skin (96.50%, 1 597/1 655) , abdominal wall contour (95.41%, 1 579/1 655) , excretion patterns (87.37%, 1 446/1 655) , and previous convex baseplate use (82.36%, 1 363/1 655) . Measures commonly used by nurses to enhance adhesion included the use of stoma belts (95.29%, 1 577/1 655) , barrier rings or paste (94.80%, 1 569/1 655) , smoothing peristomal skin folds (90.57%, 1 499/1 655) , advising patients to limit bending (82.96%, 1 373/1 655) , and abdominal binders (57.28%, 948/1 655) .Conclusions:The clinical application of convex baseplates requires further promotion. Nursing administrators should strengthen training on the selection, characteristics, and indications of convex baseplates, with particular emphasis on the understanding of the five key product features.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the risk factors of neonatal pneumonia(NP)and construct the risk prediction model for NP.METHODS A total of 60 cases of neonatal pneumonia admitted to neonatology department of Chan-gzhou Children's Hospital from Dec.2022 to Dec.2023 were selected in the study group,and another 60 healthy neonates during the same period were randomly selected as the healthy group.The risk factors of neonatal pneu-monia were summarized by logistic regression analysis,the prediction model was established,the discrimination of the model was evaluated by receiver's operating characteristic(ROC)curves,and the correction capability was as-sessed by Hosmer-Lemeshow test.RESULTS Birth 1 min Apgar score＜7 points(OR=5.930,95％CI:2.877-12.222,P＜0.001)and amniotic fluid pollution(OR=4.175,95％CI:1.251-13.935,P=0.021)were the risk factors for neonatal pneumonia,while prophylactic antimicrobial drug application(OR=0.471,95％CI:0.226-0.982,P=0.044)was a protective factor(P＜0.05).Based on the results of Logistic regression analysis,the formula of the relevant risk prediction model was established as logit(P)=20.780×1 min Apgar score-23.429 × amniotic fluid pollution+3.024 × prophylactic use of antibiotics+1.056.The results of ROC curves analysis showed that AUC of the risk prediction model was 0.774(95％CI:0.691-0.857),suggesting that the risk pre-diction model had a good discrimination,and Hosmer-Lemeshow x2=7.028,P=0.941,and there was good cali-bration degree of the model.CONCLUSION Birth 1 min Apgar score＜7 points and amniotic fluid pollution are in-dependent risk factors of NP,while prophylactic antimicrobial drug application is a protective factor,and the risk prediction model for the development of NP based on logistic regression analysis had good predictive efficiency and accuracy.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the risk factors of neonatal pneumonia(NP)and construct the risk prediction model for NP.METHODS A total of 60 cases of neonatal pneumonia admitted to neonatology department of Chan-gzhou Children's Hospital from Dec.2022 to Dec.2023 were selected in the study group,and another 60 healthy neonates during the same period were randomly selected as the healthy group.The risk factors of neonatal pneu-monia were summarized by logistic regression analysis,the prediction model was established,the discrimination of the model was evaluated by receiver's operating characteristic(ROC)curves,and the correction capability was as-sessed by Hosmer-Lemeshow test.RESULTS Birth 1 min Apgar score＜7 points(OR=5.930,95％CI:2.877-12.222,P＜0.001)and amniotic fluid pollution(OR=4.175,95％CI:1.251-13.935,P=0.021)were the risk factors for neonatal pneumonia,while prophylactic antimicrobial drug application(OR=0.471,95％CI:0.226-0.982,P=0.044)was a protective factor(P＜0.05).Based on the results of Logistic regression analysis,the formula of the relevant risk prediction model was established as logit(P)=20.780×1 min Apgar score-23.429 × amniotic fluid pollution+3.024 × prophylactic use of antibiotics+1.056.The results of ROC curves analysis showed that AUC of the risk prediction model was 0.774(95％CI:0.691-0.857),suggesting that the risk pre-diction model had a good discrimination,and Hosmer-Lemeshow x2=7.028,P=0.941,and there was good cali-bration degree of the model.CONCLUSION Birth 1 min Apgar score＜7 points and amniotic fluid pollution are in-dependent risk factors of NP,while prophylactic antimicrobial drug application is a protective factor,and the risk prediction model for the development of NP based on logistic regression analysis had good predictive efficiency and accuracy.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of AlignRT-guided positioning by comparing two positioning workflows for pelvic tumor radiotherapy,and to further explore the feasibility of using it to replace skin marker alignment.Methods Forty cases of pelvic tumor treated with radiotherapy using Infinity accelerator in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between March 2022 and March 2023 were included in the study,with 20 cases using the skin marker alignment workflow and the other 20 adopting AlignRT-guided positioning workflow.The translational errors(LAT,LNG,VRT)and rotational errors(Yaw,Pitch,Roll)were determined by the registration of pre-treatment cone-beam CT(CBCT)with planned CT.Both CBCT shifts and error offset distributions were analyzed;planning target volume(PTV)margins were calculated;and correlation analyses were conducted among six-dimensional errors,and between body mass index and setup errors.Results The median translational and rotational setup errors of skin marker alignment workflow vs AlignRT-guided positioning workflow were 0.19-0.34 cm vs 0.10-0.15 cm and 0.50°-1.30°vs 0.50°-0.70°,with the maximum offset ranges of 1.20-1.70 cm vs 0.42-0.47 cm and 2.00°-5.50° vs 1.80°-2.00°,respectively.Additionally,for skin marker alignment workflow,inter-fractional errors>0.5 cm and>3° were observed in 23.3%and 9.8%of fractions.The PTV margins of AlignRT-guided positioning workflow were 0.37,0.38 and 0.34 cm in the left-right,superior-inferior and anterior-posterior directions,respectively,which were much smaller than those of skin marker alignment workflow(0.67,1.22 and 0.95 cm).No correlation was found between six-dimensional errors in two positioning workflows.When using AlignRT-guided positioning workflow,the setup errors in LAT,LNG and Pitch directions had low correlations with body mass index.Conclusion In pelvic tumor radiotherapy,AlignRT-guided positioning can reduce translational and rotational errors,achieve precise setup and excellent inter-fractional reproducibility and stability,and replace traditional skin marker alignment while being used in conjunction with CBCT.