Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of minocycline in the treatment of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MRMP) in children of different age groups. Methods:The clinical data of MRMP cases treated with minocycline hydrochloride capsules in the Department of Infectious Diseases of Shanghai Children′s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from June 2023 to June 2024 were collected through the hospital′s electronic medical record system. This study used a retrospective cohort study. According to the age of onset, they were divided into two groups: children <8 year-old-group and those ≥8 year-old-group. The indicators including the duration of temperature after medication, the recovery time of serum amyloid A (SAA) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were compared between the two groups. The adverse reactions during hospitalization and follow-up of six months after discharge were analyed. Non-parametric rank sum test was used for statistical comparison.Results:A total of 274 MRMP cases were included, including 151 in the <8-year-old group and 123 in the ≥8-year-old group. After minocycline hydrochloride capsule treatment, the duration of fever in the ≥8-year-old group was 1.5(1.0, 2.0) d, which was shorter than 2.0(1.0, 2.0) d in the <8-year-old group. The difference was statistically significant ( Z=-2.02, P=0.044). The recovery time for SAA (3.0(2.0, 6.0) d vs 5.0(3.0, 6.0) d) and CRP (3.0(2.0, 5.0) d vs 4.0(3.0, 6.0) d) in the <8-year-old group were both shorter than those in the ≥ 8-year-old group, and the differences were both statistically significant ( Z=-2.62, P=0.009 and Z=-3.10, P=0.002, respectively). During hospitalization, there were two cases of nausea, four cases of vomiting, one case of abdominal pain, with no rash, dizziness and tetracycline teeth in the <8-year-old group, and the incidence of adverse reactions was 4.6%(7/151). In the ≥8-year-old group, there were one case of nausea, one case of vomiting, one case of rash, one case of dizziness, with no abdominal pain and tetracycline teeth, and the incidence of adverse reactions was 3.3%(4/123). There were 253 cases of follow-up, of which 148 cases (58.5%) did not re-examine because of the normal blood routine at the last time during hospitalization, 105 cases (41.5%) re-examined blood routine, and the results were all normal. Twenty-five cases were normal in liver and kidney functions. Some children under six years old who did not change permanent teeth failed to clarify the impact of minocycline on teeth due to the short follow-up time. The total effective rate of minocycline in the two groups was consistent, both was 100.00%. Conclusions:Minocycline has a good clinical efficacy for MRMP. The total effective rate of clinical treatment for MRMP in children <8 years old and ≥8 years is consistent, with fewer adverse reactions and good safety. The impact on the teeth of children under six years old who have not replaced their deciduous teeth with permanent teeth requires further observation.

Objective: To assess the epidemiological, drug resistance, and their relative risk and prevalence for yielding clinical diseases ofStreptococcus mitisgroup(SMG) bloodstream infections in recent years. Methods : A total of 50 blood culture specimens were collected from patients with SMG bloodstream infection. These SMG isolates were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF MS). The susceptibility to antibiotics was tested by minimal inhibitory concentrations and Kirby-Bauer(K-B) disk diffusion methods. The data were comprehensively analyzed by statistical software combined with clinical data. Results : Five strains were identified in SMG bloodstream infection by mass spectrometry, namelyStreptococcus oralis/mitis(S.oralis/mitis),Streptococcus pneumonia(S.pneumonia),Streptococcus gordonii(S.gordonii),Streptococcus sanguinis(S.sanguinis), andStreptococcus parasanguinis. These SMG showed high resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin, but low resistance to penicillin, ampicillin and ceftriaxone. Reduced hemoglobin and albumin, elevated C-reactive protein and procalcitonin were the common hematological changes in patients with SMG bloodstream infections. In SMG bacteremia,S.gordonii,S.sanguinisandS.orals/mitiswere the leading group causing infective endocarditis. Patients with myocardial disease factor were more likely to cause infective endocarditis byS.gordoniiandS.sanguinis, compared withS.orals/mitis.S.oralis/mitisbacteremia more occurred in patients with renal transplants progressing to pulmonary infection. Conclusion In this area, β-lactam antibiotics are the best choice for treating SMG. SMG species with closely related phylogenetically show different prevalence and risk of clinical disease in bloodstream infection patients. Early prevention and diagnosis of bacteremia caused by SMG are necessary for clinical diagnosis, treatment and effective control of infectious diseases progression.

Objective:This study aims to determine the risk perception, evacuation decision-making, and influencing factors related to typhoon disasters among public.Methods:A cross-sectional study will be conducted in residents of Hainan from September 2024 to January 2025. The study will employ chi-square tests, t-tests, and binary logistic regression analysis to examine factors influencing evacuation behavior decisions. Furthermore, structural equation modeling based on ordered choice model will be constructed to validate the mechanisms through which risk perception affects evacuation decision-making processes.Results:Among 517 respondents from 11 administrative districts (counties) in Hainan Province, 62.09% of the residents were willing to evacuate. The decision of public evacuation behavior was significantly related to disaster knowledge, official trust, risk perception, source of warning information and some demographic characteristics. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that warning information sources positively correlated with disaster knowledge and official trust (path coefficients: 0.363, 0.315, both P < 0.001). Both disaster knowledge and official trust showed positive correlations with risk perception (path coefficients: 0.157, 0.165, both P < 0.001), while risk perception positively influenced evacuation decisions (path coefficient: 0.137, P = 0.003). Moreover, source of warning information, disaster knowledge and official trust further positively affect evacuation behavior decision through risk perception, a key mediating variable. Conclusions:Disaster knowledge, official trust, risk perception and other factors can directly or indirectly affect the evacuation behavior of the public following the typhoon disaster. In typhoon-prone areas, it is recommended to enhance public risk perception through strategies such as authoritative training, diversified early warning channels, and improving government credibility, thereby promoting disaster preparedness and evacuation behaviors.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the primary pathogen causing acute lower respiratory tract infections in neonates. Since the adjustment of COVID-19 prevention policies in December 2022, RSV infection rates have increased among children in multiple regions. Neonates' immature immune systems render them particularly vulnerable, with preterm infants facing higher infection risks than term infants, and severe cases potentially progressing to acute respiratory failure. Currently, no specific antiviral therapy exists for RSV, with management relying primarily on supportive care. This review synthesizes current knowledge on RSV epidemiology, risk factors for severe disease, early clinical recognition, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies, providing clinical guidance for early identification and management of severe RSV infections in neonates.

After ostomy surgery, patients lose the ability to control their anal sphincter, relying on ostomy pouches for excretion. Convex baseplates offer several advantages, including preventing leakage, reducing the risk of stoma and peripheral skin complications, and adapting to the dynamic stoma shapes caused by peristaltic expansion and contraction of the stoma. This article reviews the structure and features of convex baseplates, usage considerations, existing challenges, and future prospects, aiming to provide a reference for the standardized clinical use of convex baseplates and to improve patient health outcomes.

Objective:To investigate the current status of convex baseplate selection and use among clinical nurses.Methods:A convenience sampling method was employed to survey 1 873 nurses from 180 hospitals across China between November and December 2024 using a general information questionnaire and a self-designed questionnaire on convex baseplate selection and use. A total of 1 873 questionnaires were distributed, and 1 860 valid responses were collected, yielding a response rate of 99.31% (1 860/1 873) .Results:Among the 1 860 nurses, 88.98% (1 655/1 860) had access to convex baseplates in clinical practice. However, only 8.82% (146/1 655) used them immediately postoperatively, and only 4.53% (75/1 655) chose convex baseplates without considering any product features. The five common clinical indications for convex baseplate use included stoma retraction (96.62%, 1 599/1 655) , peristomal skin folds or depressions (96.56%, 1 598/1 655) , flush stomas (80.12%, 1 326/1 655) , leakage (70.03%, 1 159/1 655) , and abdominal laxity (66.89%, 1 107/1 655) . Common contraindications for use included peristomal varicose veins (77.46%, 1 282/1 655) , peristoma pressure injuries (75.35%, 1 247/1 655) , stoma prolapse (74.50%, 1 233/1 655) , parastomal hernia (72.87%, 1 206/1 655) , and pyoderma gangrenosum (67.01%, 1 109/1 655) . Key assessment areas when selecting convex baseplates included the stoma itself (97.28%, 1 610/1 655) , peristomal skin (96.50%, 1 597/1 655) , abdominal wall contour (95.41%, 1 579/1 655) , excretion patterns (87.37%, 1 446/1 655) , and previous convex baseplate use (82.36%, 1 363/1 655) . Measures commonly used by nurses to enhance adhesion included the use of stoma belts (95.29%, 1 577/1 655) , barrier rings or paste (94.80%, 1 569/1 655) , smoothing peristomal skin folds (90.57%, 1 499/1 655) , advising patients to limit bending (82.96%, 1 373/1 655) , and abdominal binders (57.28%, 948/1 655) .Conclusions:The clinical application of convex baseplates requires further promotion. Nursing administrators should strengthen training on the selection, characteristics, and indications of convex baseplates, with particular emphasis on the understanding of the five key product features.

In June 2022, the Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing published the use of a convex pouching system in the postoperative period: a national consensus (hereinafter referred to as the "consensus") . The consensus recommends the use of convex ostomy products immediately after surgery and within the first six months following ostomy formation. It also establishes principles for selecting the most appropriate ostomy product for patients. This article interprets the background and significance of the consensus and highlights its key points, aiming to provide a reference for the standardized use of convex ostomy products postoperatively.

After ostomy surgery, patients lose the ability to control their anal sphincter, relying on ostomy pouches for excretion. Convex baseplates offer several advantages, including preventing leakage, reducing the risk of stoma and peripheral skin complications, and adapting to the dynamic stoma shapes caused by peristaltic expansion and contraction of the stoma. This article reviews the structure and features of convex baseplates, usage considerations, existing challenges, and future prospects, aiming to provide a reference for the standardized clinical use of convex baseplates and to improve patient health outcomes.

Objective:To investigate the current status of convex baseplate selection and use among clinical nurses.Methods:A convenience sampling method was employed to survey 1 873 nurses from 180 hospitals across China between November and December 2024 using a general information questionnaire and a self-designed questionnaire on convex baseplate selection and use. A total of 1 873 questionnaires were distributed, and 1 860 valid responses were collected, yielding a response rate of 99.31% (1 860/1 873) .Results:Among the 1 860 nurses, 88.98% (1 655/1 860) had access to convex baseplates in clinical practice. However, only 8.82% (146/1 655) used them immediately postoperatively, and only 4.53% (75/1 655) chose convex baseplates without considering any product features. The five common clinical indications for convex baseplate use included stoma retraction (96.62%, 1 599/1 655) , peristomal skin folds or depressions (96.56%, 1 598/1 655) , flush stomas (80.12%, 1 326/1 655) , leakage (70.03%, 1 159/1 655) , and abdominal laxity (66.89%, 1 107/1 655) . Common contraindications for use included peristomal varicose veins (77.46%, 1 282/1 655) , peristoma pressure injuries (75.35%, 1 247/1 655) , stoma prolapse (74.50%, 1 233/1 655) , parastomal hernia (72.87%, 1 206/1 655) , and pyoderma gangrenosum (67.01%, 1 109/1 655) . Key assessment areas when selecting convex baseplates included the stoma itself (97.28%, 1 610/1 655) , peristomal skin (96.50%, 1 597/1 655) , abdominal wall contour (95.41%, 1 579/1 655) , excretion patterns (87.37%, 1 446/1 655) , and previous convex baseplate use (82.36%, 1 363/1 655) . Measures commonly used by nurses to enhance adhesion included the use of stoma belts (95.29%, 1 577/1 655) , barrier rings or paste (94.80%, 1 569/1 655) , smoothing peristomal skin folds (90.57%, 1 499/1 655) , advising patients to limit bending (82.96%, 1 373/1 655) , and abdominal binders (57.28%, 948/1 655) .Conclusions:The clinical application of convex baseplates requires further promotion. Nursing administrators should strengthen training on the selection, characteristics, and indications of convex baseplates, with particular emphasis on the understanding of the five key product features.

In June 2022, the Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing published the use of a convex pouching system in the postoperative period: a national consensus (hereinafter referred to as the "consensus") . The consensus recommends the use of convex ostomy products immediately after surgery and within the first six months following ostomy formation. It also establishes principles for selecting the most appropriate ostomy product for patients. This article interprets the background and significance of the consensus and highlights its key points, aiming to provide a reference for the standardized use of convex ostomy products postoperatively.