Donors with a serum sodium concentration of >155 mmol/L are extended criteria donors for liver transplantation (LT). Elevated serum sodium of donors leads to an increased incidence of hepatic dysfunction in the early postoperative period of LT; however, the exact mechanism has not been reported. We constructed a Lewis rat model of 70% hepatic parenchymal area subjected to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) with hypernatremia and a BRL-3A cell model of hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) with high-sodium (HS) culture medium precondition. To determine the degree of injury, biochemical analysis, histological analysis, and oxidative stress and apoptosis detection were performed. We applied specific inhibitors of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchanger (NCX) in vivo and in vitro to verify their roles in injury. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and the area of hepatic necrosis were significantly elevated in the HS+I/R group. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, myeloperoxidase (MPO)‍-positive cells, and aggravated cellular apoptosis were detected in the HS+I/R group. The HS+H/R group of BRL-3A cells showed significantly increased cellular apoptosis and ROS production compared to the H/R group. The application of amiloride (Amil), a specific inhibitor of ENaC, reduced ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) aggravated by HS both in vivo and in vitro, as evidenced by decreased serum transaminases, inflammatory cytokines, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. SN-6, a specific inhibitor of NCX, had a similar effect to Amil. In summary, hypernatremia aggravates hepatic IRI, which can be attenuated by pharmacological inhibition of ENaC or NCX.
Animals ; Reperfusion Injury/drug therapy* ; Hypernatremia/complications* ; Rats ; Liver/metabolism* ; Rats, Inbred Lew ; Male ; Apoptosis ; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger/antagonists & inhibitors* ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism* ; Oxidative Stress ; Epithelial Sodium Channel Blockers/pharmacology* ; Epithelial Sodium Channels ; Cell Line ; Liver Transplantation

Objective To evaluate the impact of Jixiong Jiedu decoction on the efficacy of diabetic kidney disease in mice and its influence on intestinal flora and trimethylamine oxide(TMAO)levels.Methods Twelve 7-week-old male db/db mice were randomly assigned to the model group or Jixiong Jiedu decoction group(6 mice per group),while 6 male db/m mice were designated as the control group.Following 8 weeks of continuous gavage,we monitored the body weight and blood glucose levels of the mice at weeks 0,4,and 8.Additionally,we assessed urinary microalbumin,kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1),creatinine(Scr),and urea nitrogen(BUN)levels in urine.Renal pathology was evaluated using HE and PAS staining.Furthermore,fecal samples underwent 16s RNA sequencing,and the serum TMAO levels were determined.Results Compared with the control group,the blood glucose,body weight,8-hour urinary microalbumin,KIM-1 and Scr in the model group were significantly increased,and the renal pathology showed that glomerular segmental mesangial matrix increased,glomerular volume hypertrophy and renal tubular epithelial cell swelling.The abundance of Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus in the model group was significantly increased(P<0.01).The abundance of Lachnospiraceae,Helicobacter and Oscillospira decreased significantly(P<0.01),the abundance of each bacterial group changed,and the serum TMAO content increased significantly.Compared with the model group,the 8h urinary microalbumin,KIM-1(P<0.01)and Scr(P<0.05)in the Jixiong Jiedu decoction group were significantly decreased,and there was no significant difference in BUN(P>0.05),and the renal pathological damage was significantly improved.The abundance of Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus in intestinal flora decreased significantly(P<0.01),while the abundance of Lachnospiraceae and Oscillospira increased significantly(P<0.01,P<0.05).The structure of gut microbiota,the abundance of dominant and non-dominant bacteria were positively adjusted,and the serum TMAO content was significantly decreased(P<0.01).Conclusion Jixiong Jiedu decoction effectively ameliorates intestinal flora disorders in db/db mice and regulates serum TMAO levels,thereby exerting a nephroprotective effect.

Objective:To analyze the management benefits of information-based management mode for medical imaging equipment,and promote rational management for equipment and improve management benefits of equipment.Methods:According to the existing information management system and electronic medical record system at Tangdu hospital,Air Force Medical University,a management platform for medical imaging equipment under information-based management mode for medical imaging equipment was constructed to manage medical imaging equipment.A total of 9 imaging equipment included magnetic resonance(MR)equipment,computed tomography(CT)equipment and X-ray equipment that were in clinical use during 2022 and 2023 were selected,and the conventional management mode was adopted to manage equipment during January and December 2022,and the information-based management mode was adopted to manage them during January and December 2023.The comprehensive management benefits of the two modes for medical imaging equipment were compared.A self-designed questionnaire was used to survey satisfaction levels of 80 patients who underwent diagnosis and treatment by using these equipment.Results:The annual examination amount,annual revenue,annual operating cost,and annual net profit of MRI,CT,and X-ray equipment of adopting information-based management mode were all higher than those of adopting conventional management mode,and the investment payback period was shorter than that of adopting conventional management mode,and the cost-effectiveness evaluation was superior to conventional management mode.The average utilization rate of equipment,rate of maintenance and upkeep,and rate of controlling risk of adopting information-based management mode were respectively(95.36±6.02)%,(92.36±4.36)%and(94.36±4.15)%,which were significantly higher than those of adopting conventional management mode(t=14.317,11.62,12.508,P<0.05).Patients'satisfactions for MRI equipment,CT equipment and X-ray equipment that adopted information-based management mode were significantly higher than these that adopted conventional management mode,and the differences were significant(x2=5.741,6.260,5.331,P<0.05).Conclusion:The information-based management mode for medical imaging equipment can real-timely obtain the situations of usage and monitoring for medical imaging equipment,and enhance cost-effectiveness and management effectiveness at the maximum extent,and enhance users'satisfaction in using medical equipment.

Objective:To investigate abnormal blood lipids of military flying personnel and related contributors in order to provide data for health support to military flying personnel.Methods:The physical examination data of 358 military flying personnel between November 2022 and April 2023 was retrospectively analyzed. The flying personnel were divided into 3 groups by age (20-≤29 years, 30-≤39 years and ≥40 years), 3 groups by aircraft types (helicopters, fighters and trainers), 2 groups by flying hours (≤2 000 h and >2 000 h) and 2 groups by body mass index (<24.0 kg/m 2 and ≥24.0 kg/m 2). The blood lipid abnormalities of these military flying personnel were compared across groups. Results:There was a significant difference in levels of total cholesterol ( F=3.77, P=0.024), triglyceride ( H=12.10, P=0.002) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( F=5.61, P=0.004) across age groups, but there was no significant difference in levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol between military flying personnel working for different types of aircraft (all P>0.05). Levels of total cholesterol ( F=8.69, P=0.003), triglyceride ( Z=2.57, P=0.010) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( F=10.61, P=0.001) in the >2 000 h group were significantly higher than those in the ≤2 000 h group. There was no significant difference in levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol between groups of different flying hours ( P>0.05). The levels of total cholesterol ( F=10.39, P=0.002), triglyceride ( Z=4.05, P<0.001) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( F=12.73, P<0.001) in the body mass index ≥24 kg/m 2 group were significantly higher than those in the body mass index <24 kg/m 2 group. There was no significant difference in levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol between different body mass index groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:There were differences in the blood lipid abnormality among military flying personnel with different ages, flying hours and body mass index. It is critical to better manage the blood lipid indicators of flying personnel, provide early intervention and treatment, improve the rate of normal blood lipids, and ensure the health of flying personnel.

Objective To investigate the effect of lactic acid(Lac)on chemotherapy resistance in colon cancer through activation of the SOX9-TRAF2 signaling pathway in tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs).Methods A chemotherapy-resistant colon cancer cell line(SW480-R)was established using a gradient exposure method.M0 macrophages were treated with 0,5,10,or 20 mmol/L Lac.Levels of trans-forming growth factorβ(TGF-β)and arginase 1(Arg1)in the supernatant were measured by ELISA.M0 macrophages were then treated with 0 or 20 mmol/L Lac,either alone or in combination with SOX9knockdown.SW480-R cells were treated with conditioned medium(CM)derived from the macrophage treatments(0 mmol/L Lac-CM,20 mmol/L Lac-CM,or 20 mmol/L Lac+si-SOX9-CM).Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay,and cell migration was evaluated using Transwell assays.SOX9 protein expression was measured via Western blotting.TRAF2 ubiquitination and protein expression were evaluated after SOX9knockdown in SW480-R cells.The effect of Lac on chemotherapy resistance in vivo was assessed using a 5-FU and Lac co-intervention model.Results Lac treatment significantly increased TGF-βand Arg1 levels in macrophage supernatants(both P<0.05).Compared to the 0 mmol/L Lac-CM group,the 20 mmol/L Lac-CM group showed significantly increased SW480-R cell viability,migration,and SOX9 protein expression(all P<0.05).SOX9knockdown partially reversed the Lac-in-duced changes in SW480-R cell behavior.Furthermore,SOX9knockdown increased TRAF2 ubiquitination and decreased TRAF2 protein expression(both P<0.05).In vivo,5-FU effectively inhibited tumor growth,whereas Lac administration attenuated the therapeutic efficacy of 5-FU.Conclusion Lac promotes chemotherapy resistance in colon cancer by activating the SOX9-TRAF2 signaling pathway in TAMs.

Non-human primate animal models are core tools for the study of highly pathogenic microorganisms and are irreplaceable in the fields of pathology and drug discovery.However,anatomical sampling of non-human primate infection models in high-level biosafety laboratories carries potential risk and related risk assessment and control measures require clarification.Based on biosafety regulations and practical experience,we systematically discuss the risk control strategies of anatomical operations with respect to personal protection,instrument selection,anatomical specifications,documentation,and personnel training.Our review will help to improve the management of high-level biosafety laboratories,reduce the risk of pathogen escape and human infection,and provide support for the safe research of highly pathogenic microorganisms.

Objective To investigate the correlation between arterial stiffness(AS)and incident chronic kidney disease(CKD)among the elderly individuals taking health checkup.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 857 elderly individuals without CKD at baseline who taking physical exams in our medical center from December 2009 to May 2021.Their clinical and labora-tory data were collected.Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV)was used to assess the se-verity of AS,and then the subjects were divided into normal elasticity group(201 cases),and moderate(490 cases)and severe AS group(166 cases).Kaplan-Meier curves were plotted to dis-play cumulative incidence rates of incident CKD across different AS groups.Restricted cubic splines(RCS)and Cox regression models were applied to analyze the correlation of baPWV and incident CKD risk.Results The severe AS group had significantly advanced age,greater ratio of hypertension,larger waist circumference,higher HR,SBP and DBP,increased urinary albumin/creatinine ratio(UACR),elevated levels of TG and fasting blood glucose,and baPWV than the normal elasticity group(P＜0.05).During the follow-up period,37 participants developed CKD.The incidence of CKD was obviously higher in the severe AS group than the normal arterial elas-ticity group(9.04％vs 3.48％).RCS analysis revealed a U-shaped relationship between baPWV and incident CKD risk.When baPWV ≥1 400 cm/s,each standard deviation increase in baPWV indicates the risk of incident CKD increasing by 71％(HR=1.71,95％CI:1.30-2.25,P＜0.01).Regardless of adjustment for covariates or not,baPWV remained positive correlation with inci-dent CKD risk(P＜0.05).Conclusion Among the elderly individuals undergoing health check-up,increased AS severity is significantly associated with higher risk of incident CKD when baP-WV ≥1400 cm/s.

Objective To analyze the clinical data of patients with neurosyphilis(NS)and explore factors influencing their activity of daily living(ADL).Methods The clinical data of 90 patients with NS was retrospectively analyzed,and the ADL scores at admission were assessed by using the Barthel index(BI).The patients were divided into no-dependency,mild-dependency,and moderate-to-severe-dependency groups.The influencing factors of ADL were explored through comparative analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of clinical indicators for poor ADL recovery(BI score≤60)at discharge in patients.Results Among the 90 NS patients,the average age was 54.17±12.45 years,with 70 males(77.78%).The most common clinical manifestation was abnormal mental behavior(44.44%),followed by limb sensory or motor disorders(25.56%)and dysarthria(16.67%).Based on the BI scores,41 patients(45.6%)were independent,31 patients(34.4%)had mild dependence,and 18 patients(20.0%)had moderate to severe dependence.The comparison results of the three groups showed that the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)was gradually increased[2.80(1.97,4.73)vs.3.80(2.28,4.89)vs.5.37(3.76,7.20)]which was higher in the moderate-to-severe-dependency group than in the independent and the mildly-dependent group(P<0.05);cerebrospinal fluid protein concentration[427(341,644)mg/L vs.553(425,830)mg/L vs.933(641,1706.5)mg/L]was gradually increased and there were significant differences in pairwise comparisons(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that NLR(β=-0.242,P=0.018)and cerebrospinal fluid protein concentration(β=-0.461,P<0.001)were negatively correlated with ADL at admission.The area under curve(AUC)for cerebrospinal fluid protein concentration in predicting poor ADL recovery at discharge was 0.806(95%CI:0.708-0.883,P<0.001),with an optimal cutoff value of 620 mg/L,sensitivity of 86.7%,and specificity of 69.4%.Conclusion The main clinical manifestations of NS patients are psychiatric/behavioral abnormalities.Elevated NLR and cerebrospinal fluid protein concentration may be associated with the decreased ADL.Early active intervention of inflammatory response and cerebrospinal fluid protein abnormalities may provide a new way to improve the prognosis of patients.

Objective To investigate the effect of lactic acid(Lac)on chemotherapy resistance in colon cancer through activation of the SOX9-TRAF2 signaling pathway in tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs).Methods A chemotherapy-resistant colon cancer cell line(SW480-R)was established using a gradient exposure method.M0 macrophages were treated with 0,5,10,or 20 mmol/L Lac.Levels of trans-forming growth factorβ(TGF-β)and arginase 1(Arg1)in the supernatant were measured by ELISA.M0 macrophages were then treated with 0 or 20 mmol/L Lac,either alone or in combination with SOX9knockdown.SW480-R cells were treated with conditioned medium(CM)derived from the macrophage treatments(0 mmol/L Lac-CM,20 mmol/L Lac-CM,or 20 mmol/L Lac+si-SOX9-CM).Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay,and cell migration was evaluated using Transwell assays.SOX9 protein expression was measured via Western blotting.TRAF2 ubiquitination and protein expression were evaluated after SOX9knockdown in SW480-R cells.The effect of Lac on chemotherapy resistance in vivo was assessed using a 5-FU and Lac co-intervention model.Results Lac treatment significantly increased TGF-βand Arg1 levels in macrophage supernatants(both P<0.05).Compared to the 0 mmol/L Lac-CM group,the 20 mmol/L Lac-CM group showed significantly increased SW480-R cell viability,migration,and SOX9 protein expression(all P<0.05).SOX9knockdown partially reversed the Lac-in-duced changes in SW480-R cell behavior.Furthermore,SOX9knockdown increased TRAF2 ubiquitination and decreased TRAF2 protein expression(both P<0.05).In vivo,5-FU effectively inhibited tumor growth,whereas Lac administration attenuated the therapeutic efficacy of 5-FU.Conclusion Lac promotes chemotherapy resistance in colon cancer by activating the SOX9-TRAF2 signaling pathway in TAMs.

Non-human primate animal models are core tools for the study of highly pathogenic microorganisms and are irreplaceable in the fields of pathology and drug discovery.However,anatomical sampling of non-human primate infection models in high-level biosafety laboratories carries potential risk and related risk assessment and control measures require clarification.Based on biosafety regulations and practical experience,we systematically discuss the risk control strategies of anatomical operations with respect to personal protection,instrument selection,anatomical specifications,documentation,and personnel training.Our review will help to improve the management of high-level biosafety laboratories,reduce the risk of pathogen escape and human infection,and provide support for the safe research of highly pathogenic microorganisms.