It is considered that lean metabolic associated fatty liver disease （MAFLD） is characte-rized by a state of "lean body but fatty liver". From the perspective of the pathomechanism evolution of "spleen failing to disperse essence， while kidney failing to transform qi"， the disease is systematically treated under the principle that spleen and kidney deficiency as the root and liver constraint with phlegm stasis as the branch. Spleen deficiency with impaired transformation and transportation leads to failure in the distribution of refined substances， initiating lipid turbidity accumulation and obstruction. Kidney dysfunction in qi transformation results in insufficient essence and blood， forming the root of bodily malnourishment. Over time， this further gives rise to liver constraint and loss of dispersing function， disorder in the movement of essential substances， and congealing of phlegm and stasis within hepatic collaterals. The dysfunction of three organs including spleen， kidney and liver constitutes the pathological basis of metabolic disturbances involving qi， blood， body fluids and essence. Treatment should follow the principle of "nourishing the healthy qi leads to spontaneous resolution of pathogenic accumulation"， with three approaches. First， fortifying the spleen and eliminating dampness， using Sini Powder （四逆散） and Erchen Pingwei Powder （二陈平胃散） to restore the transport and transformation function of the middle jiao （焦）， thereby guiding essential substances back to their proper physiological pathways. Second， tonifying the kidney and resolving turbidity， using Jinkui Shenqi Pill （金匮肾气丸） and Effective Integration Decoction （一贯煎） to replenish the lower jiao， promoting the restoration of essence and the transformation of turbid pathogen. Third， soothing the liver and resolving stasis， using Liujunzi Decoction （六君子汤） and Xiaozhi Qinggan Decoction （消脂清肝汤） to vent qi and blood stagnation， thereby interrupting disease progression. Together， these three methods reinforce healthy qi while eliminating pathogen， facilitating the restoration of proper essence transformation and the resolution of lipid turbidity.

It is proposed that the core pathogenesis of porto-sinusoidal vascular disease （PSVD） is characterized by deficiency of healthy qi with collateral stagnation and the binding of stasis and toxin. According to the characteristics of its microvascular lesions， PSVD can be treated through syndrome differentiation in three stages， including the occult stage， progressive stage， and decompensated stage. Considering the properties of insect-derived medicinals， such as rapid movement， penetrating action， and ability to search out pathogen and unblock collaterals， three therapeutic principles are established， which are unblocking collaterals， softening the liver， and dispelling pathogen. Clinically， the New-Modified Chaihu Biejia Decoction （柴胡鳖甲汤） is used as the basic prescription with staged modifications. During the occult stage， medicinals such as Quanxie （Scorpio） and Wugong （Scolopendra） are added to search out pathogen， unblock collaterals， and protect the channels from progression. During the progressive stage， Tubiechong （Eupolyphaga seu Steleophaga） and Qianglang （Catharsius molossus） are added to dispel stasis and soften hard masses， thereby removing concretions and dissipating masses. During the decompensated stage， Shuizhi （Hirudo） and Dilong （Pheretima） are added to eliminate stasis and promote urination， treating blood and fluid retention simultaneously.

Background: The surgical neck of the humerus is located approximately 2–3 cm distal to the anatomical neck (collum anatomicum) at the junction of the greater and lesser tubercles and the humeral shaft. Owing to the transition between cortical and cancellous bones, this region is biomechanically vulnerable and prone to fractures, particularly in older adults. Fractures of the surgical neck of the humerus are classified under the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10), with diagnostic codes S42.21.3, S42.22, and S42.23. National statistics indicate that 210,763 new trauma cases were reported in Mongolia in 2023, representing an 11.6% increase compared to the previous year, of which 11,452 cases (5.4%) involved shoulder and humeral injuries. Aim: This study aimed to compare the clinical effects of traditional Mongolian bone-setting therapy and surgical treatment on pain intensity, shoulder function, range of motion, and activities of daily living in patients with surgical neck of the humerus fractures. Materials and Methods: Based on the Department of Traditional Therapies of the Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences (MNUMS) and the Department of Orthopedic Trauma of the Inner Mongolia International Hospital, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, a total of 60 patients diagnosed with surgical neck fractures of the humerus were enrolled in this study between January 2024 and December 2025. The patients were randomly assigned into two groups: a Mongolian traditional bone-setting therapy group (n=30) and a surgical treatment group (n=30). Assessments were conducted before treatment and at 1 month and 3 months after treatment. Shoulder joint range of motion, activities of daily living, and muscle strength were evaluated using the Constant–Murley score, while pain intensity was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The collected data were systematically analyzed, and the therapeutic outcomes of the two treatment modalities were comprehensively compared and summarized. Result: The baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were comparable between the groups. In the traditional bone-setting group, VAS scores decreased significantly, whereas Constant–Murley scores improved markedly at both follow-up points. The overall outcomes in the traditional bone-setting group were significantly better than those in the surgical group (P<0.05). Conclusion Traditional Mongolian bone-setting therapy offers rapid pain relief, superior long-term functional recovery, and fewer complications, making it a valuable treatment option, particularly for elderly patients and those unsuitable for surgery.

Background: Mongolian traditional bone-setting is a non-surgical treatment method for fractures; however, there is a lack of evidencebased research evaluating its effectiveness, which forms the basis of our study. Aim: To study the therapeutic efficacy of traditional bonesetting treatment for surgical neck fractures of the humerus. Materials and Methods: From June 2023 to June 2025, 120 patients diagnosed with surgical neck fractures of the humerus and treated at the Inner Mongolia International Mongolian Hospital were randomly divided into a traditional bone-setting group (n=64) and a surgical treatment group (n=56). Shoulder and upper limb function were evaluated at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment using the Constant–Murley score, Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain. Result: A total of 120 patients with surgical neck fractures of the humerus were divided into two groups, with no significant differences in the baseline characteristics (p>0.05).In the traditional bone-setting group, pain (VAS) decreased more rapidly at 1–3 months (p<0.01), while activities of daily living and functional outcomes improved significantly at 3–6 months (p<0.01). At 6 months, shoulder function (Constant–Murley score) was significantly improved (p=0.049).In contrast, the surgical group showed faster recovery in joint range of motion and muscle strength in the early stage; however, by 6 months, the outcomes between the two groups were comparable. Conclusion In the treatment of surgical neck fractures of the humerus, no significant difference was observed between traditional bone-setting and surgical treatment in terms of shoulder range of motion and muscle strength recovery. However, the advantages of traditional bone-setting lie in its ability to relieve pain more rapidly, promote faster functional recovery, improve activities of daily living, and achieve better long-term outcomes than modern bone-setting. Therefore, traditional bone setting is a safe and effective treatment method that aligns with modern theories of bone healing and rehabilitation principles and holds significant value for wider clinical application and further research in the management of surgical neck fractures of the humerus.

Hyperlipidemia refers to abnormal transport of lipids and metabolic disorders in the blood,which can easily cause cardiovascular diseases.At present,there are many adverse reactions and poor tolerance of chemical drugs.Traditional Chinese medicine and minority medicine have a long history and rich clinical experience,which have the advantages of low cost,convenience,high efficiency and little side effects.To provide reference for clinicians and researchers,the clinical research of traditional Chinese medicine and ethnic medicine in the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia was summarized.

Objective:To explore the effect of horizontal Baduanjin guided by interactive standard reaching theory(ISRT)on cardiac function and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF).Methods:This random-ized controlled study enrolled 114 patients diagnosed with CHF in Bozhou People's Hospital between September 2024 and February 2025.Patients were randomly divided into control group(n=57,routine nursing care)and interven-tion group(n=57,horizontal Baduanjin under the guidance of interactive standard theory).Both groups were con-tinuously treated for 3 months.Cardiac function indexes,N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proB-NP),self-care ability,quality of life and incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)were com-pared between the two groups.Results:Compared to patients in the control group,those in the intervention had significant higher left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)[(56.34±0.86)％vs.(46.69±0.91)％],6min walking distance(6MWD)[(477.16±6.62)m vs.(451.39±4.17)m]and the proportion of New York Heart Association(NYHA)class Ⅱ(70.18％vs.35.09％),and significant lower NT-proBNP[(237.76±6.41)pg/ml vs.(377.46±6.85)pg/ml],scores of the European heart failure self-care behavior scale 9(EHFSCB-9)[(12.61±1.81)points vs.(25.51±1.71)points],the physical domain[(3.96±0.91)points vs.(11.05±0.79)points],emotional domain[(4.00±0.85)points vs.(11.95±0.81)points]and other domain[(4.05±0.83)points vs.(13.47±1.15)points]of MLHFQ(P＜0.001 all).Compared to those in the control group,patients in intervention group had significant lower incidence of MACE(7.02％vs.22.81％,P=0.035).Conclusion:Under the guidance of the interactive standard theory,the horizontal Baduanjin exercise may enhance the cardiac function,improve self-care ability and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the key features of facial and tongue images associated with anemia in female populations, establish anemia risk-screening models, and evaluate their performance. METHODS: A total of 533 female participants (anemic and healthy) were recruited from Shuguang Hospital. Facial and tongue images were collected using the TFDA-1 tongue and face diagnosis instrument. Color and texture features from various parts of facial and tongue images were extracted using Face Diagnosis Analysis System (FDAS) and Tongue Diagnosis Analysis System version 2.0 (TDAS v2.0). Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression was used for feature selection. Ten machine learning models and one deep learning model (ResNet50V2 + Conv1D) were developed and evaluated. RESULTS: Anemic women showed lower a-values, higher L- and b-values across all age groups. Texture features analysis showed that women aged 30-39 with anemia had higher angular second moment (ASM)and lower entropy (ENT) values in facial images, while those aged 40-49 had lower contrast (CON), ENT, and MEAN values in tongue images but higher ASM. Anemic women exhibited age-related trends similar to healthy women, with decreasing L-values and increasing a-, b-, and ASM-values. LASSO identified 19 key features from 62. Among classifiers, the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model achieved the best performance [area under the curve (AUC): 0.849, accuracy: 0.781]. The ResNet50V2 model achieved comparable results [AUC: 0.846, accuracy: 0.818]. CONCLUSION Differences in facial and tongue images suggest that color and texture features can serve as potential TCM phenotype and auxiliary diagnostic indicators for female anemia.
Humans ; Female ; Tongue/diagnostic imaging* ; Adult ; Anemia/diagnosis* ; Middle Aged ; Face/diagnostic imaging* ; Young Adult ; Machine Learning

Objective:To investigate the association between urinary arsenic, selenium, and chromium levels and the risk and predisposing factors of diabetes mellitus in people with previous endemic arsenic exposure.Methods:From September to December 2024, 240 residents in the drinking-water-borne endemic arsenic disease area in Hohhot were taken as the study subjects. They were divided into an exposed group ( n = 91) and a non-exposed group ( n = 149) based on whether they had suffered from arsenism in the past. The exposed group was further divided into diabetes and non diabetes subgroups ( n = 54, 37) based on the prevalence of diabetes, and the diabetes subgroup was further divided into type 1 and type 2 diabetes subgroups ( n = 23, 31) based on the type of diabetes. Questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the basic situation, measure fasting blood glucose, and determine the levels of arsenic, selenium, and chromium in urine by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the risk factors of diabetes mellitus. Results:The difference of prevalence of diabetes mellitus was statistically significant between the exposed group and non-exposed group [59.3% (54/91) vs. 41.6% (62/149), χ2 = 7.11, P = 0.008]. The levels of urinary arsenic, selenium, and chromium in the exposed group were higher than those in the non-exposed group ( t = - 2.00, - 2.14, - 2.18, P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in urinary arsenic level, body mass index (BMI), the distribution of age, smoking status, and gender between the diabetes patients and non-diabetes patients in the exposed group ( t = 2.20, 3.57, χ2 = 10.76, 5.23, 4.01, P < 0.05). The difference of urinary arsenic levels were statistically significant between patients with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes in the exposed group ( t = - 2.06, P = 0.048). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that BMI, age, sex, smoking, and urinary arsenic levels were risk factors for diabetes ( P < 0.05). For every 1-unit increase in urinary arsenic, fasting blood glucose levels increased by 0.057 times (95% CI: 0.018 - 0.103, P = 0.029). Conclusions:There is a significant correlation between the urine arsenic level of people with previous endemic arsenic exposure and diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes. Men, smoking, overweight, age ≥65 years, and high urinary arsenic level are risk factors for diabetes.

Objective To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)on the behaviors of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced depression-like mice and explore the potential molecular mechanism of the antidepressant effect of EA using transcriptomics sequencing technology.Methods Thirty-six male specific pathogen-free-grade C57BL/6J mice were divided into the normal,the model,and the EA groups using the random number table method,with 12 mice per group.The EA group received a daily 20-minute EA at the"Baihui"and"Yintang"acupoints for 7 days.After 7 days of EA treatment,1.5 mg/kg LPS was injected intraperitoneally into the model and EA groups,whereas the normal group received an injection of an equal volume of saline solution.Depressive behaviors were assessed using the open-field test,tail-suspension test,and other relevant tests.Pathologic morphology of the hippocampus tissue was determined using hematoxylin-eosin staining.Transcriptomics technology was used to identify differentially expressed genes in the hippocampus,and bioinformatics analysis was performed.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was performed to detect the mRNA expressions of hematopoietic cell kinase(Hck),adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E1(Adgre1),Toll-like receptor 2(Tlr2),and Gm49037 in the hippocampus.Results Compared to the normal group,mice in the model group exhibited a decrease in total travel distance,central travel distance,center area time(P＜0.01),as well as an increase in tail-suspension immobility time(P＜0.05).Hippocampal neurons were loosely arranged,and some neurons had blurred boundaries.Compared to the model group,mice in the EA group showed an increase in open-field total travel distance,central travel distance,center area time(P＜0.05),as well as a decrease in tail-suspension immobility time(P＜0.01);Additionally,hippocampal neurons were more tightly arranged,exhibiting clearer morphology and structure.Transcriptomic analysis revealed that 779 differentially expressed genes were identified in the model group compared to the normal group,whereas 172 genes differed between the EA and model groups.Nineteen genes were upregulated in the model group but downregulated in the EA group,and ten genes were down-regulated in the model group but up-regulated in the EA group.Gene Ontology Functional Analysis indicated that these genes primarily function in immune responses,Toll-like receptor activity,cell surface receptor signaling pathways,and interleukin-10 production.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed enrichment in inflammation-related pathways,including Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway.Compared to the normal group,Hck,Adgre1,and Tlr2 mRNA expressions were elevated in the model group(P＜0.01),whereas there was a decrease tendency for Gm49037 mRNA expression and there was no significant difference(P＞0.05);compared to the model group,Hck,Adgre1,and Tlr2 mRNA expressions were decreased in the EA group(P＜0.05),whereas there was an increase tendency for Gm49037 mRNA expression and there was no significant difference(P＞0.05).Conclusion EA alleviated depressive-like behavior and pathological damage in the hippocampus in LPS-induced mice,which may be related to attenuating hippocampal inflammatory pathways,and Hck,Adgre1,and Tlr2 genes may be the potential targets for its effect.

Objective:To observe the early efficacy of intense pulsed light(IPL)combined with non-ablative fractional laser(NAFL)in preventing postoperative pathological scar formation and intervention of inflammatory factors.Methods:93 patients with postoperative pathological scar formation who were admitted to our hospital from March 2022 to September 2024 were selected,they were divided into control group A(silicone gel treatment,n=31),control group B(NAFL on the basis of control group A,n=31)and study group(IPL on the basis of control group B,n=31)using the random number table method.The clinical efficacy,simple quality of life scale(SF-36),vancouver scar scale(VSS),inflammatory factors[interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),C-reactive protein(CRP)],and adverse reactions among three groups were compared.Results:The clinical total effective rate in the study group were higher than those in the control group A and control group B(P＜0.05).SF-36 increased sequentially and VSS decreased sequentially in control group A,control group B,and study group after treatment(P＜0.05).CRP,IL-6,and TNF-α decreased sequentially in control group A,control group B,and study group after treatment(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions among the three groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion:IPL combined with NAFL in preventing postoperative pathological scar formation,can effectively reduce scar formation,reduce inflammatory factors levels,improve patients' quality of life,and be safe and reliable.