ObjectiveTo investigate the expression characteristics of serum HBV RNA in patients with low-level viremia （LLV） and its value in the diagnosis of LLV. MethodsA total of 402 chronic hepatitis B （CHB） patients who attended Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from December 2023 to May 2025 were enrolled， and according to their viral load， they were divided into complete virologic response （CVR） group （190 patients with HBV DNA <20 IU/mL） and LLV group （212 patients with an HBV DNA level of ≥20 IU/mL and <2 000 IU/mL）. The two groups were analyzed in terms of age， sex， disease type， serum HBV RNA， HBeAg， alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， and total bilirubin （TBil）， and according to HBeAg status， the patients in the LLV group were further divided into HBeAg-negative group with 140 patients and HBeAg-positive group with 72 patients. The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups， and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups. A multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors for LLV in CHB patients， and a Spearman’s rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation of HBV RNA with HBV DNA， ALT， AST， and TBil in the LLV group. The receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was plotted to evaluate the efficacy of HBV RNA in the diagnosis of LLV. ResultsCompared with the CVR group， the LLV group had a significantly higher serum level of HBV RNA ［3 （1　—　5） log₁₀ copies/mL vs 2 （1　—　3） log₁₀ copies/mL， Z=-2.346， P=0.019］ and a significantly higher proportion of patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis （31.13% vs 22.11%， χ²=4.155， P=0.042） or hepatocellular carcinoma （9.91% vs 4.74%， χ²=3.876， P=0.049）. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that HBV RNA （odds ratio=1.163， 95% confidence interval： 1.058　—　1.278， P=0.002） was an independent risk factor for the onset of LLV in CHB patients. Among the patients with LLV， HBeAg-positive patients had a significantly higher level of HBV RNA than HBeAg-negative patients ［6 （4　—　7） log₁₀ copies/mL vs 2 （1　—　3） log₁₀ copies/mL， Z=-9.962， P<0.001］. The correlation analysis showed that HBV RNA level had no significant correlation with HBV DNA， ALT， AST， or TBil in the patients with LLV （all P>0.05）. The ROC curve analysis showed that HBV RNA had an AUC of 0.567 for the diagnosis of LLV （P=0.021）， with an optimal cut-off value of 4.5 log₁₀ copies/mL， a sensitivity of 30.7%， and a specificity of 85.8%. ConclusionSerum HBV RNA level is an independent risk factor for the development of LLV in CHB patients， and there is a significant increase in the expression of HBV RNA in HBeAg-positive patients. Therefore， it may serve as a potential biomarker for clinical risk assessment.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of poisonous mushroom-related foodborne disease incidents in Chongqing from 2010 to 2024, and to provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and control of mushroom-related foodborne diseases. Methods Data of poisonous mushroom related foodborne disease incidents reported by the CDCs of 39 districts and counties in Chongqing from 2010 to 2024 were collected, and their epidemic characteristics were analyzed. Results A total of 264 poisonous mushroom poisoning outbreaks were reported in Chongqing from 2010 to 2024, resulting in 1 046 cases of illness, 543 hospitalizations, and 15 deaths, with a mortality rate of 1.43%. The peak of poisoning incidents was from June to October, accounting for 89.02% of the total number of incidents. The top three high-incidence areas were Pengshui Miao Tujia Autonomous County, Dianjiang County, and Nanchuan District. Poisonous mushroom poisoning incidents occurring in household settings, accidental picking and ingestion, and cases involving unidentified mushroom species accounted for 89.02%, 83.33%, and 90.15% of all foodborne disease outbreak incidents, respectively. Conclusion Foodborne disease incidents related to poisonous mushrooms in Chongqing City show an upward trend, and the effectiveness of prevention and control needs to be improved. Based on their seasonal, regional and household clustering characteristics, efforts should be made before the peak season of mushroom poisoning in high-risk areas, targeting key populations with health education, monitoring and early warning, food safety supervision, and medical treatment.

The operating room is the core settings of various surgical treatments, and exhibits distinct attributes and systemic complexities. Medical staff who work long term in operating rooms face multiple exposures to potential health hazards. Especially with the progress of electrosurgical technology and the frequent use of electrosurgical equipment, the possible health effects of the resulting electrosurgical smoke to those working in operating rooms have gradually attracted attention. This paper reviewed the composition, hazard, exposure risk monitoring, and protective measures of electrosurgical smoke, aiming to deepen the understandings of potential health risks of electrosurgical smoke, improve the self-protection awareness of medical staff, strengthen attention to electrosurgical smoke protection in all hospitals, and ensure the occupational safety of medical staff.

Objective To investigate the correlation of corneal α angle and κ angle with lens tilt in normal human eyes using a new swept-source optical biometer.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted,involving 303 healthy eyes(148 right eyes and 155 left eyes)of patients who visited the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from June to August 2024.ZW-30 swept-source optical biometer was used to collect the lens tilt angle,κ angle(distance from the corneal light reflex to the pupil center),and α angle(distance from corneal light reflex to the corneal geometric center,which is the midpoint of the horizontal white to white(WTW)diameter).The degrees(°)and directions of κ angle and α angle were calculated by the ratio of the above measurements to the anterior chamber depth(ACD)respectively.Spearman correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were employed to evaluate the correlations between the magnitude and direction of corneal α angle,κ angle and lens tilt angle.Results The magnitude and direction of corneal α angle,κ angle,and lens tilt angle in the right eye were as follows respectively:(0.54±0.19)mm(7.81°±3.88°),194.43°±39.75°;(0.27±0.23)mm(4.72°±3.90°),181.07°±79.59°;5.52°±1.67°,188.21°±25.73°.For the left eye,the corresponding values were:(0.47±0.27)mm(8.12°±5.26°),336.04°±46.64°;(0.26±0.27)mm(4.45°±4.80°),322.86°±107.79°;5.50°±1.61°,340.65°±32.84°.Spearman's correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between corneal α angle and lens tilt angle in the right eye were 0.609(distance correlation)and 0.625(angle correlation),while those for κ angle were 0.559(distance correlation)and 0.578(angle correlation).In the left eye,the correlation coefficients between corneal α angle and lens tilt angle were 0.545(distance correlation)and 0.552(angle correlation),and those for κ angle were 0.377(distance correlation)and 0.395(angle correlation).In addition,the correlation coefficient between the direction of corneal α angle and the direction of lens tilt angle in the right eye was 0.343,and that for κ angle direction was 0.284;in the left eye,the correlation coefficients were 0.216(α angle direction)and 0.198(κ angle direction),all with statistical significance(P<0.05).Univariate linear regression analysis showed that lens tilt was positively correlated with both corneal α angle and Kappa angle(P<0.05).Conclusions Corneal α angle and κ angle are highly correlated with lens tilt angle in both eyes,and the correlation of corneal α angle is stronger than that of κ angle in both left and right eyes.The correlation expressed by degree(°)is better than that by distance(mm).It is recommended to refer to the corneal α angle and κ angle expressed in degrees during preoperative evaluation.

A method was developed for determination of dilauryl thiodipropionate(DLTDP)in fried foods by coupling solid-phase extraction(SPE)pretreatment with reverse-phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(RPLC-MS/MS)detection.Samples were extracted with n-hexane as the solvent,purified using a neutral alumina SPE cartridge,and finally analyzed by RPLC-MS/MS.Quantitative analysis was performed using matrix-matched calibration curves combined with an external standard method under optimal experimental conditions.The results showed that DLTDP exhibited good linearity in the range of 2.0-50.0 μg/L,with a correlation coefficient(R2)≥0.999.The limit of detection(LOD)and the limit of quantification(LOQ)of the method were 0.15 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg,respectively.The mean recoveries at three fortification levels(0.5,1.0,and 200 mg/kg)in different samples ranged from 84.8%to 96.8%,with the relative standard deviations(RSDs)all less than 8.0%.The developed method was highly sensitive,accurate and reliable,and easy to operate,making it well suited for the routine quantitative analysis of DLTDP in fried foods.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy of different acupuncture methods in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) at different stages. METHODS: Thirty-two patients with AS were treated with acupuncture at ashi points (tendon focus), triple acupuncture method was used in the acute phase, accompanied needling method was used in the remission phase, once a day, 5 times a week for 4 weeks. The Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI) score, Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index (BASFI) score and TCM symptom grade quantitative standard score before and after treatment were observed, and the efficacy was evaluated. RESULTS: After treatment, the BASDAI score, BASFI score and TCM symptom grade quantitative standard score were reduced compared with those before treatment (P<0.01), the effective rate was 96.9% (31/32). CONCLUSION Different acupuncture methods in the treatment of AS at different stages could improve signs and symptoms, such as pain, activity limitation and morning stiffness.
Humans ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing/physiopathology* ; Acupuncture Therapy/methods* ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; Acupuncture Points ; Treatment Outcome

Aim To investigate the neuroprotective effect of dioscin(DIO)on hippocampal neurons(HT22)after oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygen-ation(OGD/R)and its possible mechanism.Methods HT22 cells were treated with 0,2.5,5,10,20,40,80,160,and 320 mg·L-1DIO for 24 h,and the cell proliferation rate was detected by CCK-8 method.The concentration that was non-toxic to HT 2 2 cells was se-lected for subsequent experiments.After OGD for 2 h,HT22 cells were randomly divided into the OGD/R group,1.25,2.5,and 5 mg·L-1DIO group,and posi-tive control group.HT22 cells were taken as the con-trol group.After drug intervention for 24 h,the cell proliferation rate was detected by CCK-8 method;the LDH release was detected by colorimetry;the cell ap-optosis rate was detected by TUNEL method;the ex-pression of proteins related to PARP-1/AIF pathway and caspase pathway was detected by Western blot.Results DIO intervention significantly upregulated the expression of AIF protein in mitochondria and PAR protein in nucleus of HT22 cells after OGD/R,and sig-nificantly downregulated the release of LDH,neuronal apoptosis rate,total protein expression of AIF and PAR,PARP-1,AIF in nucleus and protein expression of PAR protein in mitochondria,while the expression of Bax and caspase-3 proteins was not significantly differ-ent from that in the OGD/R group.Conclusion DIO can alleviate the apoptosis of HT22 cells induced by OGD/R by regulating the expression and translocation of proteins related to the PARP-1/AIF pathway,thus playing a neuroprotective role.

Objective:To explore the evaluation value of shear wave elastography(SWE)parameters combined with gamma-Glutamyltransferase(GGT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)/alanine aminotransferase(ALT)for the severity of cirrhosis patients.Methods:96 cirrhosis patients who were admitted to Dafang County People's Hospital from January 2022 to October 2024 were selected,they were divided into control group(n=65,Child-Push A and B-grade)and an observation group(n=31,Child-Push c-grade)according to Child-Push grade.All cirrhosis patients underwent SWE examination,serum GGT levels,AST/ALT in cirrhosis patients were detected.SWE parameters(shear wave velocity,elastic modulus)and serum GGT levels,AST/ALT were compared between two groups,Pearson correlation analysis was applied to investigate the correlation between SWE parameters,serum GGT,AST/ALT,and the severity of cirrhosis.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the value of SWE parameters,serum GGT,AST/ALT individual and combined assessment for evaluating Child-Push c-grade cirrhosis.Delong test was used to compare the area under the ROC curve(AUC)of SWE parameter combination,serum GGT and AST/ALT combination,and SWE parameter and serum GGT,AST/ALT combination in evaluating Child-Push c-grade cirrhosis.Results:Compared with the control group,the observation group had faster shear wave velocity and higher elastic modulus(P＜0.05).The AUC values of shear wave velocity and elastic modulus individual and combined assessment were 0.712,0.739,and 0.845,respectively.Compared with the control group,the observation group had higher serum GGT,AST,ALT levels,and AST/ALT(P＜0.05).The AUC values of serum GGT,AST/ALT individual and combined assessment were 0.664,0.714,and 0.790,respectively.SWE parameters,serum GGT levels,AST/ALT were positively correlated with the severity of cirrhosis(P＜0.05).The AUC of SWE parameter combined with serum GGT and AST/ALT assessment was 0.923,significantly higher than SWE parameter combined and serum GGT and AST/ALT combined(z=2.731,2.924,both P＜0.05).Conclusion:Patients with more severe cirrhosis has a faster shear wave velocity,higher elastic modulus,and higher serum GGT levels and AST/ALT.The combined detection above indicators has good application value in evaluating the degree of cirrhosis.

Objective To explore the impact of peptidylarginine deiminase 2(Padi2)-knockout on depressive-like behaviors in socially isolated mice.Methods Using CRISPR/Cas9 technology,a Padi2-knockout(Padi2-/-)mouse model with a C57BL/6J background was established,and the effect of Padi2 knockout was identified by genotyping and RT-qPCR detection.Six-week-old male Padi2-/- mice and wild-type C57BL/6J mice were selected and divided into normal rearing and social isolation groups,with 15 mice per group.The normal rearing group mice were housed with 5 mice per cage,and the social isolation group was housed with 1 mouse per cage,and weighed once a week.After 4 weeks,forced swimming and open field tests were conducted.After the behavioral experiments,brain tissues were taken from mice in each group,and changes in microglia in the brains were detected by immunofluorescence.Results We successfully established Padi2-/- mice.There was no difference in behavior between Padi2-/- mice and C57BL/6J mice in the normal rearing group.After social isolation,compared with C57BL/6J mice,Padi2-/- mice showed a significant increase in depressive symptoms,obvious weight gain,and a significant increase in the number of microglia in brain tissue.Conclusions Padi2 knockout exacerbated depressive-like behaviors and obesity in socially isolated mice,indicating that Padi2 is involved in the progression of depression and may be an effective target for the prevention and treatment of depression.

Following extensive interdisciplinary research and development over several years,mechanical circulatory support devices(MCSD),including ventricular assist device(VAD)and total artificial heart(TAH),are now established as vital treatment options for patients with advanced heart failure.These devices have proven to be crucial in assisting or replacing a failing heart,offering patients a new lease of life and improving their quality of life.Currently,mechanical circulatory support(MCS)has become a well-recognised,long-term treatment option for patients who are unable to undergo heart transplantation due to donor organ shortages or contraindications.Given their continuous availability independent of donor organ limitations,these devices are poised to play an increasingly vital role in the future of medicine.This article aims to summarize the evolution,clinical applications,categorization,and potential complications of MCSD.