As an exclusive Miao medicine of Honwing Pharma （Guizhou） Co. Ltd.， Yifei Zhike capsules are both a prescription drug and an over-the-counter （OTC） drug. Its main ingredients include Ranunculus ternatus and Panax notoginseng. With the effects of nourishing Yin and moistening the lungs， as well as relieving cough and reducing phlegm， Yifei Zhike capsules are often used in the treatment of acute and chronic bronchitis， pulmonary tuberculosis， and other diseases. However， there is insufficient understanding of their efficacy， suitable syndromes， and safety in clinical practice， with a lack of relevant expert consensus on clinical application. To standardize their clinical application， 30 experts from the fields of respiratory medicine， pharmacy， and evidence-based medicine were invited to develop an Expert Consensus on the Clinical Application of Yifei Zhike Capsules （Consensus for short） through evidence-based medicine methods. The Consensus clarified the syndrome characteristics， disease stages， dosages， treatment courses， combined medication， and other norms in the treatment of acute/chronic bronchitis and pulmonary tuberculosis and could be applicable to clinical physicians and pharmacists in medical and health institutions at all levels. In disease diagnosis， it provided diagnostic criteria for traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine and clarified that the suitable traditional Chinese medicine syndrome was the syndrome of Qi-Yin deficiency with intermingled phlegm-blood stasis. Clinical studies have confirmed that Yifei Zhike capsules combined with standard anti-tuberculosis therapy can effectively improve the symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis patients， increase the sputum smear conversion rate， and promote the absorption of lesions. When treating acute cough caused by respiratory tract infections， Yifei Zhike capsules can increase the markedly effective rate and the seven-day disappearance rate of cough symptoms. Meanwhile， recommendations for specific usage， dosages， and treatment courses were given for different diseases， and it was pointed out that long-term medication required key monitoring of adverse reactions. In safety， the adverse reactions of Yifei Zhike capsules involved multiple aspects such as the digestive system and allergic reactions， and pregnant women and women during menstruation were prohibited from using it. In addition， modern research has shown that Yifei Zhike capsules have an adjuvant therapeutic effect on tuberculous pleurisy and may be effective for inflammatory and benign pulmonary nodules. However， further research should be conducted on the toxicological safety of long-term medication. The formulation of the Consensus provides a scientific basis for the rational clinical application of Yifei Zhike capsules， which helps to improve clinical efficacy and reduce medication risks.

As an exclusive Miao medicine of Honwing Pharma （Guizhou） Co. Ltd.， Yifei Zhike capsules are both a prescription drug and an over-the-counter （OTC） drug. Its main ingredients include Ranunculus ternatus and Panax notoginseng. With the effects of nourishing Yin and moistening the lungs， as well as relieving cough and reducing phlegm， Yifei Zhike capsules are often used in the treatment of acute and chronic bronchitis， pulmonary tuberculosis， and other diseases. However， there is insufficient understanding of their efficacy， suitable syndromes， and safety in clinical practice， with a lack of relevant expert consensus on clinical application. To standardize their clinical application， 30 experts from the fields of respiratory medicine， pharmacy， and evidence-based medicine were invited to develop an Expert Consensus on the Clinical Application of Yifei Zhike Capsules （Consensus for short） through evidence-based medicine methods. The Consensus clarified the syndrome characteristics， disease stages， dosages， treatment courses， combined medication， and other norms in the treatment of acute/chronic bronchitis and pulmonary tuberculosis and could be applicable to clinical physicians and pharmacists in medical and health institutions at all levels. In disease diagnosis， it provided diagnostic criteria for traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine and clarified that the suitable traditional Chinese medicine syndrome was the syndrome of Qi-Yin deficiency with intermingled phlegm-blood stasis. Clinical studies have confirmed that Yifei Zhike capsules combined with standard anti-tuberculosis therapy can effectively improve the symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis patients， increase the sputum smear conversion rate， and promote the absorption of lesions. When treating acute cough caused by respiratory tract infections， Yifei Zhike capsules can increase the markedly effective rate and the seven-day disappearance rate of cough symptoms. Meanwhile， recommendations for specific usage， dosages， and treatment courses were given for different diseases， and it was pointed out that long-term medication required key monitoring of adverse reactions. In safety， the adverse reactions of Yifei Zhike capsules involved multiple aspects such as the digestive system and allergic reactions， and pregnant women and women during menstruation were prohibited from using it. In addition， modern research has shown that Yifei Zhike capsules have an adjuvant therapeutic effect on tuberculous pleurisy and may be effective for inflammatory and benign pulmonary nodules. However， further research should be conducted on the toxicological safety of long-term medication. The formulation of the Consensus provides a scientific basis for the rational clinical application of Yifei Zhike capsules， which helps to improve clinical efficacy and reduce medication risks.

Objective To understand the current situation of nutrition literacy of primary and secondary school students in Shijingshan District of Beijing, and analyze its influencing factors, and to put forward targeted suggestions for improving the students’ nutrition literacy and promoting their healthy growth. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 2480 primary and secondary school students and their parents from 5 primary schools, 3 middle schools and 1 high school in Shijingshan District. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors influencing the attainment rate of nutrition literacy. Results The median score of nutrition literacy of 2480 primary and secondary school students from grades 1 to 12 was 77.86 (in hundred-mark system), the quartile range (IQR) was 16.96, and the attainment rate of nutrition literacy was 42.46%. The cognitive level (45.12%) was higher than the skill level (41.20%) among students from grades 3 to 12. In terms of skills, the attainment rate of food preparation was the lowest, at 30.38%. The scores of nutrition literacy of girls were higher than those of boys, and the scores of primary school students were higher than those of secondary school students. Students with different levels of caregiver’s education, family income, and family food environment had different scores of nutrition literacy, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the attainment rate of nutrition literacy was closely related to student’s gender and study stage, caregiver’s education level, and family food environment. Conclusion The nutrition literacy of primary and secondary school students in Shijingshan District still needs to be improved, especially in the aspect of skills. Targeted nutrition education should be carried out.

The compilation instructions for the Expert Consensus on Clinical Application of Yifei Zhike Capsules systematically expound the development background， methodological framework， and core achievements of this consensus. In view of the problems existing in the clinical application of Yifei Zhike Capsules， such as insufficient efficacy evidence and lack of standardized syndrome differentiation， the Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine， China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences took the lead and collaborated with 21 tertiary grade-A hospitals and research institutions across China to form a multidisciplinary expert group （comprising 30 experts in clinical medicine， pharmacy， and methodology）. The compilation work was carried out in strict accordance with the World Health Organization （WHO） guidelines， the GB/T 1.1-2020 standard， and the writing specifications for the explanatory notes of expert consensus on clinical application of Chinese patent medicines. Through systematic literature retrieval （including 32 studies， with 24 clinical studies）， Grading of Recommendations Assessment， Development and Evaluations （GRADE）-based evidence grading， and multiple rounds of discussions using the nominal group method （25 experts voted to determine 17 clinical questions）， 5 evidence-based recommendations and 11 expert consensus suggestions were formed. It is clarified that this medicine （Yifei Zhike Capsules） is applicable to the treatment of expectoration/hemoptysis in acute and chronic bronchitis and the adjuvant treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. It is recommended that it can be used alone or in combination with anti-tuberculosis drugs. The safety evaluation shows that this medicine mainly induces the following adverse reactions： mild gastrointestinal reactions （such as nausea and abdominal pain） and rashes. The contraindicated populations include pregnant women and women during menstruation. The compilation process of the consensus underwent three rounds of expert letter reviews， two rounds of peer reviews， and quality control assessments to ensure methodological rigor and clinical applicability. In addition， through policy alignment， academic promotion， and a dynamic revision mechanism， the standardization of clinical application was promoted， providing a demonstration for the evidence-based transformation of characteristic therapies of Miao medicine.

Objective : To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatial clustering of brucellosis in Shanxi Province from 2019 to 2023, so as to provide a reference for formulating prevention and control measures of brucellosis. Methods: The case data of brucellosis in Shanxi Province from 2019 to 2023 were collected through the Infectious Disease Surveillance System of the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The seasonal distribution, population distribution, and region distribution of brucellosis cases were described. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was applied to explore the spatial clustering characteristics of brucellosis. Results: A total of 21 241 human brucellosis cases were reported in Shanxi Province from 2019 to 2023, with an average annual reported incidence of 11.87/100 000, showing an upward trend (P<0.05). The peak incidence period was from March to August, with 14 163 cases reported cumulatively, accounting for 66.68% of the total. There were 16 336 male cases and 4 905 female cases, with a male-to-female ratio of 3.33:1. The high-incidence age group was 40-<70 years, with 15 675 cases accounting for 73.80%. The majority of patients were farmers, with 17 926 cases accounting for 84.39%. Spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that there was spatial clustering in the incidence of brucellosis from 2019 to 2023 (all Moran's I>0, P<0.05). The high-high clustering areas were mainly Datong City, and Shuozhou City in northern Shanxi, and Linfen City in the southern Shanxi. The low-low clustering areas were mainly Taiyuan City and Yangquan City in central Shanxi, and Changzhi City and Jincheng City in southeastern Shanxi. Conclusions From 2019 to 2023, the reported incidence of brucellosis in Shanxi Province showed an upward trend. The incidence peaked from March to August, and males, middle-aged and elderly people and farmers were the high-risk groups. There was spatial clustering and the high-high clustering areas gradually expanded from northern Shanxi to southern Shanxi.

Objective To verify the application effect of the muscle strength training based on Fogg behavior model for elderly frail patients,and provide references and bases for subsequent related research.Methods This paper constructed a muscle strength training program for elderly frail patients based on the Fogg behavior model.The exercise intervention process includes the stages of cultivating exercise awareness,scientific fitness guidance,and developing exercise habits.66 elderly frail people aged 60 and above who were hospitalized in 4 geriatric wards of a tertiary A hospital in Beijing from January to March 2022 were recruited,and they were randomly divided into a control group and an intervention group.The intervention group implemented a muscle strength training based on the Fogg behavior model,while the control group was given routine exercise guidance and education for 6 months.The muscle strength,cardiopulmonary function,and glucose and lipid metabolism of the 2 groups were compared at the end of 3 and 6 months of intervention.Results A total of 65 patients with 33 in the control group and 32 in the intervention group completed the study.The muscle strength of the intervention group showed better changes over time at 6 months compared to the control group(P<0.05).In terms of cardiopulmonary function,the intervention group had better lung capacity than the control group at 3 and 6 months,with statistically significant differences(t=2.166,P=0.034;t=3.385,P=0.001).There was no statistically significant difference in heart rates and left ventricular ejection fraction between the groups(P>0.05).In terms of glucose and lipid metabolism,only high-density lipoprotein in the intervention group was found to be superior to it in the control group at 3 and 6 months,with statistically significant differences(t=2.970,P=0.004;t=4.111,P<0.001).There was no statistically significant difference between blood glucose,low-density lipoprotein,total cholesterol,and triglycerides groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The muscle strength training based on the Fogg behavior model can effectively improve the muscle strength and lung function of frail elderly patients,and can also improve blood lipid metabolism to a certain extent,while there is no obvious effect on heart function and blood glucose control.

Antibody-drug conjugates(ADCs)are a new type of targeting antibodies that conjugate with highly toxic anticancer drugs via chemical linkers to exert high specificity and efficient killing of tumor cells,thereby attracting considerable attention in precise oncology therapy.Cetuximab(Cet)is a typical antibody that offers the benefits of good targeting and safety for individuals with advanced and inoperable cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(cSCC);however,its anti-tumor activity is limited to a single use.Cisplatin(CisPt)shows good curative effects;however,its adverse effects and non-tumor-targeting ability are major drawbacks.In this study,we designed and developed a new ADC based on a new cytotoxic platinum(Ⅳ)prodrug(C8Pt(Ⅳ))and Cet.The so-called antibody-platinum(Ⅳ)prodrugs conjugates,named Cet-C8Pt(Ⅳ),showed excellent tumor targeting in cSCC.Specifically,it accurately delivered C8Pt(Ⅳ)into tumor cells to exert the combined anti-tumor effect of Cet and CisPt.Herein,metabolomic analysis showed that Cet-C8Pt(Ⅳ)promoted cellular apoptosis and increased DNA damage in cSCC cells by affecting the vitamin B6 metabolic pathway in tumor cells,thereby further enhancing the tumor-killing ability and providing a new strategy for clinical cancer treatment using antibody-platinum(Ⅳ)prodrugs conjugates.

Purpose: This study identified risk factors for neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) through multidimensional analysis of the medical records of patients, aiming to reduce the incidence of NLUTD, improve prognosis, and facilitate rehabilitation. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, patients with AIS were recruited from two tertiary general hospitals in Shenzhen, China, from March 2021 to October 2023. Patients were divided into NLUTD and non-NLUTD groups based on the presence and absence of NLUTD, respectively. Comparative analysis was performed using the Mann–Whitney U and chi-square tests, with significant variables being included in logistic regression analysis. Results: Of the 652 participants enrolled in this study, 119 participants (18.3%) developed NLUTD. Bivariate analysis showed that 39 of 54 screened factors exhibited a significant correlation (p<0.05) with the incidence of NLUTD after AIS. Significant variables identified through logistic regression analysis included Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, anemia, aphasia, pneumonia, brainstem involvement, multiple lesions, urine clarity (CLA), random venous blood glucose (GLU) and hemoglobin (HGB) levels, and white blood cell (WBC) count. Conclusions A total of 11 risk factors for NLUTD were identified in this study. This finding provides valuable guidance for reducing the incidence of NLUTD after AIS and improving the quality of life of patients.

Objective: To understand the nutritional literacy level and associated factors of primary and secondary school students in Beijing, so as to provide a scientific basis for improving student nutrition. Methods: From October 2022 to May 2023, a multi stage cluster random sampling method was employed to select a total of 14 568 primary, junior and senior high school students from 16 districts (ecluding the Economic Technological Development area) in Beijing. Through a survey questionnaire on nutritional literacy and dietary hehavior of school age children, basic information as well as data on nutritional literacy levels across four dimensions:nutrition related knowledge concepts, food selection, food preparation, and food intake dimensions were obtained. The Wilcoxon rank sum test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman correlation analysis, Chi square test and binary Logistic regression were used for the analysis. Results: The median total score of nutritional literacy among primary and secondary school students in Beijing was 68.8. Approximately 26.0% of primary and secondary school students achieved nutritional literacy standards. The median scores and rates of meeting the standards for nutrition related knowledge concepts, food selection, food preparation and food intake dimensions were 23.0, 42.1%; 17.0, 27.4%; 6.5, 33.5%; 23.0, 33.3%, respectively. There were positive correlations between all pairs of the four dimensions ( r=0.33-0.49, P <0.05). The results of multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that primary school students, junior high school students, female students, suburban students, caregivers with a college education level and a bachelor s degree or above were the positive arrelation factors that promoted the achievement of nutritional literacy standards ( OR =2.21, 1.39, 1.18, 1.27, 1.42, 1.66, P <0.05). Conclusion The literacy level of primary and secondary school students in Beijing needs to be significantly improved. School stage, gender, region and caregiver s education level are associated factors.

Currently, there are practical and technical difficulties in the construction of clinical questions in the development of clinical practice guidelines. Clinicians or guideline developers seldom construct clinical questions based the actual case scenario, leading to some information loss between structured and actual clinical connotation. To overcome this challenge, we proposed a case-guided questions construction approach, and carried out case research and verification in the formulation of the guideline. We found that this method could more efficiently and scientifically assist the formulation of clinical questions, and provide reference for clinicians or guideline developers.