Inflammation is the body’s response to damage， infection or other stimuli， but its excessive or continuous development can lead to a variety of diseases. Although modern medical anti-inflammatory therapies were widely used， it is often accompanied by limitations such as more adverse reactions. Based on the “holistic view” and “differential treatment”， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） regards inflammation as a manifestation of the imbalance of yin and yang in the body and the conflict between good and evil. The application of anti-inflammatory TCM is not only aimed at the pathological state of “inflammation”， but also based on the overall consideration of “syndrome”. According to different types of syndrome， anti-inflammatory TCM can be divided into heat-clearing and detoxifying agents （such as Lonicera japonica and Isatis indigotica ）， heat-clearing and drying dampness agents （such as Coptidis Rhizoma）， blood-activating and stasis-dissolving agents （such as Salvia miltiorrhiza ） and vital qi-strengthening and pathogenic factor-expelling agents （such as Panax ginseng ）. Four types of anti-inflammatory TCM restore the body’s immune balance through the systematic regulation of multi-component， multi-target and multi-pathway， exhibiting a good anti-inflammatory effect. Future research should focus on integrating systematic biology， applying artificial intelligence， carrying out high-quality evidence-based research， and combining traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine， so as to reveal the overall regulatory law of anti-inf lammatory effects of TCM and promote clinical rational use.

Morphea alopecia is a rare secondary cicatricial alopecia, often caused by linear scleroderma of the scalp. When hair loss appears as the only symptom of morphea, it is easily confused with other localized alopecia. The diagnosis of morphea alopecia depends on histopathologic and dermoscopic examinations. In order to improve the understanding of morphea alopecia among clinicians, this review summarizes research progress in its pathogenesis, clinical and pathological characteristics, diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To investigate the association of blood lipids and body mass index (BMI) with hyperuricemia (HUA) in the elderly.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. A total of 114 391 elderly individuals received health examinations at primary healthcare institutions in Wujin District from January to December in 2022. The health examination included questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory examination. The multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) plots were used to analyze the association and dose-response relationship of blood lipid and BMI with HUA. The mediating effect model was used to explore the mediation effect of BMI on the association between blood lipid and HUA.Results:Among the 112 415 subjects, 18 506 (16.46%) were checked with HUA. After adjusting for relevant confounders, total cholesterol (TC) ( OR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.16-1.23), triglyceride (TG) ( OR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.44-1.49), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ( OR=0.74, 95% CI: 0.73-0.76), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ( OR=1.14, 95% CI: 1.12-1.15) and BMI ( OR=1.42, 95% CI: 1.39-1.44) were all associated with HUA (all P0.05). The RCS analysis revealed that TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C each exhibited a nonlinear dose-response relationship with HUA, the inflection points was 3.00 mmol/L, 1.57 mmol/L and 2.50 mmol/L, respectively (all P-nonlinear0.001). The results of interaction showed that there were additive interaction between high TC( S=1.27 , 95% CI: 1.17-1.37), high TG( S=1.32 , 95% CI: 1.25-1.40), high LDL-C( S=1.23 , 95% CI: 1.14-1.34) and overweight/obesity with HUA (all P0.05). The results of mediation effect analysis showed that the mediation effect of BMI on the association between blood lipids (HDL-C, LDL-C, TG and TC) and HUA, from high to low, were as follows: 22.5% (95% CI: 20.8%-24.2%), 13.9% (95% CI: 12.0%-16.2%), 13.5% (95% CI: 12.7%-14.4%) and-3.9% (95% CI:-6.6%--1.8%). Conclusion:The blood lipid levels and BMI are positively correlated with HUA in the elderly.

Morphea alopecia is a rare secondary cicatricial alopecia, often caused by linear scleroderma of the scalp. When hair loss appears as the only symptom of morphea, it is easily confused with other localized alopecia. The diagnosis of morphea alopecia depends on histopathologic and dermoscopic examinations. In order to improve the understanding of morphea alopecia among clinicians, this review summarizes research progress in its pathogenesis, clinical and pathological characteristics, diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To investigate the association of blood lipids and body mass index (BMI) with hyperuricemia (HUA) in the elderly.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. A total of 114 391 elderly individuals received health examinations at primary healthcare institutions in Wujin District from January to December in 2022. The health examination included questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory examination. The multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) plots were used to analyze the association and dose-response relationship of blood lipid and BMI with HUA. The mediating effect model was used to explore the mediation effect of BMI on the association between blood lipid and HUA.Results:Among the 112 415 subjects, 18 506 (16.46%) were checked with HUA. After adjusting for relevant confounders, total cholesterol (TC) ( OR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.16-1.23), triglyceride (TG) ( OR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.44-1.49), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ( OR=0.74, 95% CI: 0.73-0.76), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ( OR=1.14, 95% CI: 1.12-1.15) and BMI ( OR=1.42, 95% CI: 1.39-1.44) were all associated with HUA (all P0.05). The RCS analysis revealed that TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C each exhibited a nonlinear dose-response relationship with HUA, the inflection points was 3.00 mmol/L, 1.57 mmol/L and 2.50 mmol/L, respectively (all P-nonlinear0.001). The results of interaction showed that there were additive interaction between high TC( S=1.27 , 95% CI: 1.17-1.37), high TG( S=1.32 , 95% CI: 1.25-1.40), high LDL-C( S=1.23 , 95% CI: 1.14-1.34) and overweight/obesity with HUA (all P0.05). The results of mediation effect analysis showed that the mediation effect of BMI on the association between blood lipids (HDL-C, LDL-C, TG and TC) and HUA, from high to low, were as follows: 22.5% (95% CI: 20.8%-24.2%), 13.9% (95% CI: 12.0%-16.2%), 13.5% (95% CI: 12.7%-14.4%) and-3.9% (95% CI:-6.6%--1.8%). Conclusion:The blood lipid levels and BMI are positively correlated with HUA in the elderly.

Objective:To explore the feasibility and effect of remote medical education model using online film reading training to improve the ability of ophthalmologists in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (hereinafter referred to as "Xinjiang Region" ) in diagnosing fundus diseases.Methods:The three-level film reading training system of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps system division hospital-Corps Hospital-Peking Union Medical College Hospital was established. From June 2022 to January 2023, 4 159 posterior color fundus images were continuously collected from Department of Ophthalmology of Xinjiang Corps Hospital and 4 divisional hospitals in the Corps medical system. Among them, hypertensive retinopathy, diabetic retinopathy, exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD), atrophic AMD and retinal vein occlusion were 3 073, 651, 43, 186 and 206 cases, respectively. The images were divided into 3 rounds (first, second and last) according to the proportion of diseases. The doctors who participated in the training (hereinafter referred to as the "training") were 15 ophthalmologists from the Corps Hospital of Xinjiang Region and the division hospital of the Corps system. There were 7 male and 8 female. Age was (38.1±4.0) years. The titles of senior, deputy senior, intermediate and junior are 1, 6, 5 and 3 respectively; Bachelor's degree and master's degree are 13 and 2 respectively. The working time of fundus disease specialty was (9.6±3.3) years. The film reading system training was conducted before the first round of labeling, and after each round of film reading, the doctors of Peking Union Medical College Hospital gave feedback and explanation on the film reading results. The diagnostic consistency, sensitivity and specificity were compared by paired sample t test. Spearman or Pearson correlation analysis was conducted between the improvement of diagnostic level and professional title, education, age and working hours of ocular fundus disease. Results:All the participating doctors completed the first, second and last reading. After each round of film reading, the film reading summary was carried out for 2 hours. The average diagnostic agreement rates of participating physicians were 53.0%, 67.0% and 75.0%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity were 0.38, 0.69, 054 and 0.66, 0.85, 0.96, respectively. There was significant difference between the first and last examination ( P<0.001). The sensitivity of the second reading was significantly higher than that of the first reading, and the sensitivity of the last reading was significantly lower than that of the second reading, with statistical significance ( P<0.05). The specificity of the second reading was significantly higher than that of the first reading, and the last reading was significantly higher than that of the second reading, with statistical significance ( P<0.05). There was no significant correlation ( P>0.05) between the improvement of diagnostic level of participating physicians and educational background ( Rho=0.07), professional title ( Rho=0.13), age ( r=0.20), and working time of ophthalmofundus disease specialty ( r=0.26). Conclusions:Relying on the three-level online telemedicine training, it can improve the ability of ophthalmologists in Xinjiang region to diagnose fundus diseases. The preliminary telemedicine education model has demonstrated potential for feasibility and effectiveness in remote areas with inadequate medical resources.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the differences in gait features between patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular dis-eases and normal people,and to explore new objective features of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)whole-body inspection.METHODS A monocular camera was used to collect frontal walking videos of subjects,and the diagnosis results of TCM practitioners were used as disease annotation data;a deep learning model was used to estimate the three-dimensional coordinates of key points;the gait features were defined and calculated based on the three-dimensional coordinates of key points of the lower limbs;differences in gait features among people with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were collected and verified.RESULTS The three-di-mensional coordinates of key points of the lower limbs were automatically extracted and 8 types of TCM gait features were calculated:step width,stride length,foot lift height,limb angle,left and right hip joint angles,and left and right knee joint angles.It was found that there were significant differences in the features between people with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and healthy peo-ple(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The TCM inspection gait extracted by this study can effectively distinguish patients with cardiovas-cular and cerebrovascular diseases from healthy people,expands the research scope of TCM whole-body inspection,and provides new ideas for the early detection and prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

With the intensify of aging population,accurate assessment of brain health becomes more and more important.Brain age can reflect brain health and cognitive function.Based on different algorithms,modal data and central datasets,imaging is helpful for predicting brain age.The progresses of imaging researches for predicting brain age were reviewed in this article.

Objective:To observe the effects of early energy intake and early enteral nutrition on prognosis of patients during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).Methods:Patients who received ECMO treatment in the emergency intensive care unit (EICU) of the Jiangsu Provincial Hospital (First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University) from January 2021 to June 2022 were selected as subjects to summarize the early energy intake of ECMO patients. Logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were used to determine the relationship between early energy intake and prognosis of ECMO patients. According to the results of RCS analysis, the patients were divided into energy-deficient group and energy-sufficient group. And according to whether early enteral nutrition (EEN) was initiated, the patients were divided into EEN group and non-EEN group. The differences of clinical outcomes between energy-deficient group and energy-sufficient group, EEN group and non-EEN group were compared.Results:There was no significant difference in age, sex, BMI, primary disease and ECMO pattern between energy-deficient group and energy-sufficient group, EEN group and non-EEN group. The ECMO conversion time (days) and hospitalization time (days) in the energy-deficient group were significantly lower than those in the energy-sufficient group, and the survival rate in the energy-deficient group was significantly lower than that in the energy-sufficient group [43.2% (19/44) vs. 66.0% (31/47), P=0.029]. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the 28-day survival rate in the energy-deficient group was significantly lower than that in the energy-sufficient group, and the risk of death was 2.595 times higher than that in the energy-sufficient group. The conversion time (days), hospital stay (days) and average daily energy intake [kcal/(kg·d)] in the EEN group were higher than those in the non-EEN group ( P<0.05), and the survival rate in the non-EEN group was significantly higher than that in the non-EEN group [66.1% (41/62) vs. 31.0% (9/29), P<0.002]. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the 28-day survival rate in the non-EEN group was significantly lower than that in the EEN group, and the risk of death was 2.981 times higher than that in the EEN group ( P<0.001). Conclusions:The energy intake of patients with ECMO above 16.94 kcal/ (kg·d) is a protective factor for prognosis. EEN helps to increase early energy intake and improve prognosis in patients during ECMO.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the differences in gait features between patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular dis-eases and normal people,and to explore new objective features of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)whole-body inspection.METHODS A monocular camera was used to collect frontal walking videos of subjects,and the diagnosis results of TCM practitioners were used as disease annotation data;a deep learning model was used to estimate the three-dimensional coordinates of key points;the gait features were defined and calculated based on the three-dimensional coordinates of key points of the lower limbs;differences in gait features among people with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were collected and verified.RESULTS The three-di-mensional coordinates of key points of the lower limbs were automatically extracted and 8 types of TCM gait features were calculated:step width,stride length,foot lift height,limb angle,left and right hip joint angles,and left and right knee joint angles.It was found that there were significant differences in the features between people with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and healthy peo-ple(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The TCM inspection gait extracted by this study can effectively distinguish patients with cardiovas-cular and cerebrovascular diseases from healthy people,expands the research scope of TCM whole-body inspection,and provides new ideas for the early detection and prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.