The concept of "spirit" in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） aligns closely with "the liver governs the designing of strategy". By exploring the relationship between the liver and executive function decline， it is proposed that prolonged liver constraint leads to indecisiveness in strategy designing， which is the initiating factor for executive function decline； liver blood deficiency causes difficulties in executing strategy， which forms an essential foundation for the progression of executive function decline； obstruction in the "liver-du mai-brain" pathway leads to unclear strategy designing， which accelerates executive function decline. This relationship is examined from the perspectives of TCM， modern medicine， and cognitive psychology， aiming to provide insights into addressing executive function decline through treatments focused on the liver.

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, computational pathology has been seamlessly integrated into the entire clinical workflow, which encompasses diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and biomarker discovery. This integration has significantly enhanced clinical accuracy and efficiency while reducing the workload for clinicians. Traditionally, research in this field has depended on the collection and labeling of large datasets for specific tasks, followed by the development of task-specific computational pathology models. However, this approach is labor intensive and does not scale efficiently for open-set identification or rare diseases. Given the diversity of clinical tasks, training individual models from scratch to address the whole spectrum of clinical tasks in the pathology workflow is impractical, which highlights the urgent need to transition from task-specific models to foundation models (FMs). In recent years, pathological FMs have proliferated. These FMs can be classified into three categories, namely, pathology image FMs, pathology image-text FMs, and pathology image-gene FMs, each of which results in distinct functionalities and application scenarios. This review provides an overview of the latest research advancements in pathological FMs, with a particular emphasis on their applications in oncology. The key challenges and opportunities presented by pathological FMs in precision oncology are also explored.
Humans ; Precision Medicine/methods* ; Medical Oncology/methods* ; Artificial Intelligence ; Neoplasms/pathology* ; Computational Biology/methods*

Objective:Guided by the requirements for discipline construction in high education, this study aims to plan the layout of disciplinary construction scientifically, examine the shortcomings in integrating Party building work with discipline development within universities, and further propose innovative approaches pertinently to facilitate a deep and seamless integration between Party building activities and discipline advancement.Methods:Through a combination method of literature review and case analysis, this research explored the intricate relationship between Party building work and discipline development in universities, as well as the current status of Party building work guiding discipline development. Taking the practice of a medical college's party branch in promoting discipline development through Party building work as an example, innovative strategies for Party building work to lead discipline development were proposed.Results:Currently, there was room for improvement in terms of awareness and understanding of party building work leading discipline development in universities, as well as in the integration mechanisms and working mechanisms. Party branches of a medical college had integrated party building into their routine work, merging high-quality Party branch work with discipline development by strengthening political awareness, improving Party building mechanisms, promoting education through Party building initiatives, and establishing new integration platforms, thereby exploring practical pathways for their fusion.Conclusions:Party building work is complementary and mutually facilitative to academic development. Guided by the spirit of scientists and through important approaches such as ″forming a development alliance through their combination″″forging high-level teams for party building and academic leadership talents″ and ″advancing publicity to empower and enhance the quality and efficiency of grassroots party building work″ can be effectively strengthened the organic integration of party building and academic development. This holds practical significance for improving educational quality, cultivating high-quality talents, and driving the sustainable development of the university.

To investigate the effects of zearalenone(ZEA)on the proliferation and apoptosis of sika deer antler chondrocytes,the chondrocytes were isolated and cultured in vitro and treated with 50μmol/L ZEA for 24 h.Flow cytometry was used to assess cell proliferation,cell cycle,apoptosis,mitochondrial membrane potential,and intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS).The expression changes of hypertrophic cartilage cell marker genes Col X,Runx2,Alpl,and apoptosis-related genes Casp-3,Bax,Bcl-2 were measured using quantitative PCR.Additionally,glutathione reductase(GR)activity and the levels of the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde(MDA)were determined.The results showed that after 24 h of ZEA treatment,cell proliferation was sig-nificantly inhibited,with an increase in the number of cells in the G0/G1 phase and a decrease in the S phase.The expression levels of hypertrophic chondrocyte marker genes Col X,Runx2 and Al-pl were significantly increased.Apoptosis rate was significantly increased,with elevated expression of pro-apoptotic genes Casp-3,Bax and reduced expression of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2.The content of MDA in the antler chondrocytes increased,ROS levels rose,and GR activity decreased.The mitochondrial membrane potential reduced.The results suggested that ZEA could inhibit the proliferation of antler chondrocytes and promote the apoptosis by regulating cellular oxidative stress responses and the expression of apoptosis-related genes.

Objective:To explore the impact of individual demand-oriented team holistic service nursing on the compliance of nebulization inhalation, pulmonary ventilation status, respiratory function and exercise capacity of elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), and to provide a reference for clinical nursing decisions.Methods:A single-blind randomized controlled study was conducted. Elderly patients with AECOPD who were hospitalized in Fuyang Cancer Hospital, Anhui Province from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected as the research subjects by convenience sampling. They were divided into the control group and the observation group by random number table method. The control group received routine care. The observation group adopted the individual demand-oriented team holistic service nursing on the basis of the control group. The compliance of nebulization treatment, pulmonary ventilation status [forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1), FEV 1/FVC], and exercise capacity [six minutes walk test (6MWT)] of the two groups of patients after intervention were compared, and the respiratory function [modified Medical Research Council Scale (mMRC)] after 3 days of intervention and at discharge were compared. Results:A total of 60 patients were finally included, including 30 in the control group, 21 males and 9 females, with an age of (73.90 ± 3.95) years. There were 30 cases in the observation group, including 25 males and 5 females, with an age of (72.93 ± 4.24) years. After the intervention, the compliance of nebulization treatment in the observation group was complete compliance in 20 cases, partial compliance in 10 cases, and non-compliance in 0 cases. In the control group, it was complete compliance in 12 cases, partial compliance in 13 cases, and non-compliance in 5 cases, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( Z=2.40, P<0.05). The FVC, FEV 1 and FEV 1/FVC in the observation group were (2.43 ± 0.47) L, (2.74 ± 0.85) L and (68.46 ± 6.71) % respectively, which were all higher than (2.21 ± 0.16) L, (2.26 ± 0.76) L and (62.49 ± 7.38) % in the control group, and the differences were all statistically significant ( t=2.43, 2.31, 3.28, all P<0.05). The 6MWT of the observation group was (233.42 ± 24.28) m, which was higher than (214.28 ± 21.63) m in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=3.22, P<0.05). The mMRC scores of the observation group 3 days after intervention and at discharge were (2.05 ± 0.12) and (1.64 ± 0.13) points respectively, which were both lower than (2.14 ± 0.21) and (1.88 ± 0.14) points in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=2.04, 6.88, both P<0.05). Conclusions:The individual demand-oriented team holistic service nursing in elderly patients with AECOPD can improve their compliance with nebulization treatment, thereby enhancing their respiratory function and exercise capacity.

To investigate the effects of zearalenone(ZEA)on the proliferation and apoptosis of sika deer antler chondrocytes,the chondrocytes were isolated and cultured in vitro and treated with 50μmol/L ZEA for 24 h.Flow cytometry was used to assess cell proliferation,cell cycle,apoptosis,mitochondrial membrane potential,and intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS).The expression changes of hypertrophic cartilage cell marker genes Col X,Runx2,Alpl,and apoptosis-related genes Casp-3,Bax,Bcl-2 were measured using quantitative PCR.Additionally,glutathione reductase(GR)activity and the levels of the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde(MDA)were determined.The results showed that after 24 h of ZEA treatment,cell proliferation was sig-nificantly inhibited,with an increase in the number of cells in the G0/G1 phase and a decrease in the S phase.The expression levels of hypertrophic chondrocyte marker genes Col X,Runx2 and Al-pl were significantly increased.Apoptosis rate was significantly increased,with elevated expression of pro-apoptotic genes Casp-3,Bax and reduced expression of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2.The content of MDA in the antler chondrocytes increased,ROS levels rose,and GR activity decreased.The mitochondrial membrane potential reduced.The results suggested that ZEA could inhibit the proliferation of antler chondrocytes and promote the apoptosis by regulating cellular oxidative stress responses and the expression of apoptosis-related genes.

Objective:To explore the impact of individual demand-oriented team holistic service nursing on the compliance of nebulization inhalation, pulmonary ventilation status, respiratory function and exercise capacity of elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), and to provide a reference for clinical nursing decisions.Methods:A single-blind randomized controlled study was conducted. Elderly patients with AECOPD who were hospitalized in Fuyang Cancer Hospital, Anhui Province from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected as the research subjects by convenience sampling. They were divided into the control group and the observation group by random number table method. The control group received routine care. The observation group adopted the individual demand-oriented team holistic service nursing on the basis of the control group. The compliance of nebulization treatment, pulmonary ventilation status [forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1), FEV 1/FVC], and exercise capacity [six minutes walk test (6MWT)] of the two groups of patients after intervention were compared, and the respiratory function [modified Medical Research Council Scale (mMRC)] after 3 days of intervention and at discharge were compared. Results:A total of 60 patients were finally included, including 30 in the control group, 21 males and 9 females, with an age of (73.90 ± 3.95) years. There were 30 cases in the observation group, including 25 males and 5 females, with an age of (72.93 ± 4.24) years. After the intervention, the compliance of nebulization treatment in the observation group was complete compliance in 20 cases, partial compliance in 10 cases, and non-compliance in 0 cases. In the control group, it was complete compliance in 12 cases, partial compliance in 13 cases, and non-compliance in 5 cases, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( Z=2.40, P<0.05). The FVC, FEV 1 and FEV 1/FVC in the observation group were (2.43 ± 0.47) L, (2.74 ± 0.85) L and (68.46 ± 6.71) % respectively, which were all higher than (2.21 ± 0.16) L, (2.26 ± 0.76) L and (62.49 ± 7.38) % in the control group, and the differences were all statistically significant ( t=2.43, 2.31, 3.28, all P<0.05). The 6MWT of the observation group was (233.42 ± 24.28) m, which was higher than (214.28 ± 21.63) m in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=3.22, P<0.05). The mMRC scores of the observation group 3 days after intervention and at discharge were (2.05 ± 0.12) and (1.64 ± 0.13) points respectively, which were both lower than (2.14 ± 0.21) and (1.88 ± 0.14) points in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=2.04, 6.88, both P<0.05). Conclusions:The individual demand-oriented team holistic service nursing in elderly patients with AECOPD can improve their compliance with nebulization treatment, thereby enhancing their respiratory function and exercise capacity.

Objective:Guided by the requirements for discipline construction in high education, this study aims to plan the layout of disciplinary construction scientifically, examine the shortcomings in integrating Party building work with discipline development within universities, and further propose innovative approaches pertinently to facilitate a deep and seamless integration between Party building activities and discipline advancement.Methods:Through a combination method of literature review and case analysis, this research explored the intricate relationship between Party building work and discipline development in universities, as well as the current status of Party building work guiding discipline development. Taking the practice of a medical college's party branch in promoting discipline development through Party building work as an example, innovative strategies for Party building work to lead discipline development were proposed.Results:Currently, there was room for improvement in terms of awareness and understanding of party building work leading discipline development in universities, as well as in the integration mechanisms and working mechanisms. Party branches of a medical college had integrated party building into their routine work, merging high-quality Party branch work with discipline development by strengthening political awareness, improving Party building mechanisms, promoting education through Party building initiatives, and establishing new integration platforms, thereby exploring practical pathways for their fusion.Conclusions:Party building work is complementary and mutually facilitative to academic development. Guided by the spirit of scientists and through important approaches such as ″forming a development alliance through their combination″″forging high-level teams for party building and academic leadership talents″ and ″advancing publicity to empower and enhance the quality and efficiency of grassroots party building work″ can be effectively strengthened the organic integration of party building and academic development. This holds practical significance for improving educational quality, cultivating high-quality talents, and driving the sustainable development of the university.

Objective:To clarify the role of concentrated growth factors(CGF)in the treatment of periodontal cement defects using calcium phosphate cement(CPC)with self-curing properties.Methods:Thirty-six intrabony defects were randomly divided into two groups.The experimental group received CGF+CPC treatment(n=18),while the control group received CPC treatment alone(n=18).The probing depth,clinical attachment loss,and hard tissue filling as measured by cone beam CT(CBCT)were evaluated at baseline and 1 year postoperatively in both groups,and the levels of major growth factors in CGF and serum were compared[platelet-derived growth factor-BB(PDGF-BB),transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1),and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)].Results:At baseline,there were no statistically significant differences in probing depth,clinical attach-ment loss and CBCT measurements between the two groups(P＞0.05).At 1 year postoperatively,sig-nificant improvements were observed in parameters mentioned above in both groups(P＜0.05).The CGF+CPC group seemed more effective compared with the CPC group in reduction of probing depth[(4.5±1.3)mm vs.(3.2±1.1)mm]and clinical attachment gain[(3.8±0.9)mm vs.(2.0±0.5)mm,P＜0.05].Compared with the group treated with CPC alone,the hard tissue filling degree shown by CBCT in the CGF+CPC group was significantly increased[the reduction of the depth of the in-trabony defects was(3.9±1.2)mm vs.(2.1±0.7)mm,respectively,P＜0.01].At 1 year post-operatively,the volume of the intrabony defects shown by CBCT in the CGF+CPC group was reduced by(0.031 8±0.004 1)mL,which was significantly more than that in the CPC group[(0.019 7±0.001 2)mL,P＜0.05].In addition,the concentration of the main growth factors(PDGF-BB,TGF-β1,IGF-1,and VEGF)in CGF were higher than those in serum(P＜0.001).Conclusion:After 1 year of follow-up,the results of the present study indicated that CGF could significantly improve the clinical and radio-logical effects of CPC on the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects.

Objective:To investigate the genetic, clinical, and post-treatment characteristics of patients with glycogen storage disease type Ⅲ (GSD Ⅲ).Methods:A retrospective cohort analysis was performed on the genetic and clinical data of 26 cases with GSD Ⅲ who visited the Children's Hospital affiliated with Fudan University from June 2017 to December 2023. The patients were divided into non-missense variation and missense variation groups according to the types of mutation in the AGL gene.The correlation between genotype and phenotype was analyzed. All patients were treated with uncooked cornstarch after diagnosis. The changes before and after treatment were compared in patients who underwent more than twelve months of follow-up. A P value of <0.05 was used to denote statistical significance. Results:Among the 26 cases enrolled, 13 were female and 13 were male, and the median age of diagnosis was 28 (6 to 134) months. A total of thirty-five different types of AGL gene variation were detected, with c.1735+1G＞T (9/52, 17.3%) as the hotspot variation. The common clinical manifestations were elevated aminotransferases (26/26, 100%), hepatomegaly (25/26, 96.2%), fasting hypoglycemia (25/26, 96.2%), hyperketonemia (16/18, 88.9%), hypertriglyceridemia (TG) (20/26, 76.9%), elevated CK (16/25, 64.0%), and an abnormal electrocardiogram (12/16, 75.0%). Four cases (15.4%) had symptoms of myopathy at diagnosis. Liver biopsy was performed in eighteen cases, among whom 83.3% (15/18) had liver fibrosis≥S2. The number of cases with elevated levels of CK ( P＝0.031) and ALT ( P＝0.038)was pronounced in the non-missense variation group compared to that in the missense variation group. There were no statistically significant differences in age, height, liver size, degree of fibrosis, fasting blood glucose (Glu) and TG ( P>0.05). The median follow-up time of 14 cases was 40.5 (20-73) months, with improvement in body stature, reduced liver size, decreased ALT and TG, and improved Glu. However, four (28.6%) cases had new myopathy symptoms with raised CK ( P<0.05) and with advancing age, increased ALT diminished while CK level elevated ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The common clinical manifestations at the early stage of the GSD Ⅲdiagnosis are elevated aminotransferases, hepatomegaly, fasting hypoglycemia, hyperketonemia, high triglycerides, elevated CK, and fibrotic liver in China. Myopathy symptoms may arise following uncooked cornstarch treatment; however, there is significant improvement in height, liver-related, and metabolic parameters.