ObjectiveThis paper aims to observe the syndrome improvement and negative antigen conversion rate of Qingxuan Daozhi formula in the treatment of influenza in children （heat accumulation in the lung and stomach syndrome）. MethodsThrough a multi-center randomized controlled methodology design，confirmed influenza cases were collected from October 2022 to April 2023 in the pediatrics department of eight hospitals，such as Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. A total of 180 children with influenza and heat accumulation in the lung and stomach syndrome conforming to the standard were recruited through the clinic. The sick children meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into groups by a block-randomized method. The children in the experimental group were treated with Qingxuan Daozhi formula for five days，and those in the control group were treated with Oseltamivir Phosphate Granules for five days. The primary efficacy indicator was the negative conversion rate of influenza antigen detection. Secondary efficacy indicators were the Canadian acute respiratory illness and flu scale （CARIFS） and the incidence of complications，severe cases， and critical cases. Follow-up observation was conducted on the day of enrollment，48 hours after medication，72 hours after medication， and （6+1） d after medication. ResultsOne hundred and eighty participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group （90 cases） or the control group （90 cases）. All participants were followed up during the study. Comparison of influenza antigen detection results in the primary efficacy indicators showed that the average time of negative influenza antigen conversion in the experimental group was （5.29±1.25） d，and that in the control group was （5.40±1.68） d，without a statistically significant difference. After five days of intervention，52 cases in the experimental group and 51 cases in the control group converted to negative，without a statistically significant difference. CARIFS score results in the secondary efficacy indicators showed that during 72 hours after intervention，there were statistically significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in three dimensions， including headache，muscle soreness， and the need for extra care （P<0.05）. On the （6+1） days after the intervention，the differences in both the experimental group and the control group were statistically significant in 10 dimensions， including sore throat，bad sleep，uncomfortable feeling，poor spirit and fatigue，crying more than usual，the need for extra care，symptom，function，influence on parents，and total score （P<0.05）. The comparison results within the group in the dimensional scores of symptom， function， and influence on parents，as well as the CARIFS total score showed that with the delay of follow-up time，scores of both groups decreased significantly，with a statistically significant difference （P<0.01）. Inter-group comparison results showed that the mean score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group at the time of enrollment. With the progress of intervention，the score of the experimental group was significantly decreased compared with that of the control group. At the end of follow-up，the mean score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group，with no statistically significant difference. In terms of the incidence of complications，severe cases， and critical cases， there were no complications，severe cases， and critical cases in the two groups，without a statistically significant difference. ConclusionThe symptom improvement effect and negative antigen conversion rate of Qingxuan Daozhi formula in the treatment of influenza in children （heat accumulation in the lung and stomach syndrome） are not inferior to Oseltamivir Phosphate granules， and children's acceptance is better. It can be more widely used in clinical treatment of influenza in children （heat accumulation in the lung and stomach syndrome）.

In this study, the synthetic process of 18α-glycyrrhizic acid was optimized. Using 18β-glycyrrhizic acid monoammonium salt as the starting material, the target compound 18α-glycyrrhizic acid was obtained through isomerization, esterification, and hydrolysis, with a total yield of 9.43%, purity of 99.23% and key impurity A of 0.17% (HPLC). The optimized process significantly improved the isomerization conversion rate, reduced the formation of related substances, simplified the purification steps, and enhanced both industrial scalability and cost efficiency.

Objective:To determine the prevalence of self-reported food allergies among children in the grasslands of North China and to analyze its associated risk factors.Methods:In this study, a cross-sectional epidemiological survey method was used to select children under 14 years old by multi-stage, stratified and random cluster sampling in the grassland ecological area of Zhangbei County, Hebei Province, China from May to July 2018. Face-to-face questionnaires were administered to gather food allergy-related information from the participants. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors associated with self-reported food allergy.Results:A total of 2 086 children completed the survey. The prevalence of self-reported food allergies was 22.0%(459/2 086). The prevalence of multiple food allergies (≥3 types) was 3.1%(64/2 086) versus 16.3% (341/2 086) for a single food allergy among all children. Mango allergy (6.1%, 127/2 086) was the most common, followed by peach allergy (4.1%, 85/2 086). Children who reported food allergies had a significantly higher prevalence of all 4 atopic disorders (eczema, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and allergic conjunctivitis than those without food allergies(35.73% vs. 20.65%, 5.88% vs. 2.77%, 17.86% vs. 7.38%, 16.78% vs. 10.45%, χ2 =44.663 1, 10.434 3, 45.038 3, 13.728 4, all P<0.001).Significantly associated risk factors of food allergy were found to be pollen allergy ( OR: 2.29; 95% CI: 1.80-2.92) and drug allergy ( OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.12-2.09). Conclusions:The prevalence of self-reported food allergies among children in the Zhangbei County area of the North China Grassland was relatively high. Pollen allergy and drug allergy are major risk factors.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of saline irrigation following mesh basket lithotripsy and mesh basket combined with balloon lithotripsy for choledocholithiasis.Methods:Data of 76 patients who received endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for choledocholithiasis in Henan Provincial People's Hospital from May 2021 to May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 30 patients underwent saline irrigation of the biliary tract after mesh basket lithotripsy (the saline group), while 46 patients underwent mesh basket combined with balloon lithotripsy (the balloon group). The procedure success rate, operation time, procedure cost, and incidence of postoperative complications were compared.Results:The stone extraction success rates were 100.0% in both groups. The operation time in the saline group was shorter than that in the balloon group [20.0 (16.0, 27.5) min VS 29.0 (22.0, 33.3) min, Z=-2.88 , P=0.004]. The procedure cost in the saline group was lower than that in the balloon group [13 466.5 (13 318.0, 13 784.0) yuan VS 16 209.0 (15 989.0, 16 327.8) yuan, Z=-6.37 , P<0.001]. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative fever, cholangitis or pancreatitis between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Compared with mesh basket combined with balloon lithotripsy, saline irrigation of the biliary tract after mesh basket lithotripsy can shorten the operation time, reduce the procedure cost, and maintain a high procedure success rate for treating choledocholithiasis.

Objective:To explore the incidence of delirium in patients of advanced age hospitalized in internal medicine departments and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 586 patients of advanced age hospitalized in internal medicine departments at the Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital from May 2023 to May 2024. Patients were divided into a delirium group and a non-delirium group based on whether delirium occurred. Univariate analysis and binary Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the factors influencing delirium in patients of advanced age hospitalized in internal medicine departments.Results:Among 586 patients of advanced age hospitalized in internal medicine departments, the incidence of delirium was 21.2% (124/586). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that age, activities of daily living (Barthel Index), folate deficiency, sleep disorders, and indwelling catheters were factors influencing delirium in patients of advanced age hospitalized in internal medicine departments ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The incidence of delirium is high among patients of advanced age hospitalized in internal medicine departments. Healthcare professionals should pay particular attention to elderly patients with advanced age, limited activities of daily living, folate deficiency, sleep disorders, and indwelling catheters, and should implement targeted preventive strategies as early as possible.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xiaoji Hufei Formula in protecting children with close contact exposure to influenza， and to provide reference and evidence-based support for better clinical prevention and treatment of influenza in children. MethodsA multicenter， prospective， non-randomized， parallel， controlled trial was conducted from October 2021 to May 2022 in five hospitals， including Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. Confirmed influenza cases and influenza-like illness （ILI） cases were collected， and eligible children with close contact exposure to these cases were recruited in the outpatient clinics. According to whether the enrolled close contacts were willing to take Xiaoji Hufei formula for influenza prevention， they were assigned to the observation group （108 cases） or the control group （108 cases）. Follow-up visits were conducted on days 7 and 14 after enrollment. The primary outcomes were the incidence of ILI and the rate of laboratory-confirmed influenza. Secondary outcomes included traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） symptom score scale for influenza， influenza-related emergency （outpatient） visit rate， influenza hospitalization rate， and time to onset after exposure to influenza cases. ResultsA total of 216 participants were enrolled， with 108 in the observation group and 108 in the control group. Primary outcomes： （1） Incidence of ILI： The incidence was 12.0% （13/108） in the observation group and 23.1% （25/108） in the control group， with the observation group showing a significantly lower incidence （χ²=4.6， P<0.05）. （2） Influenza confirmation rate： 3.7% （4/108） in the observation group and 4.6% （5/108） in the control group， with no statistically significant difference. Secondary outcomes： （1） TCM symptom score scale： after onset， nasal congestion and runny nose scores differed significantly between the two groups （P<0.05）， while other symptoms such as fever， sore throat， and cough showed no significant differences. （2） Influenza-related emergency （outpatient） visit rate： 84.6% （11 cases） in the observation group and 96.0% （24 cases） in the control group， with no significant difference. （3） Time to onset after exposure： The median onset time after exposure to index patients was 7 days in the observation group and 4 days in the control group， with a statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. ConclusionIn previously healthy children exposed to infectious influenza cases under unprotected conditions， Xiaoji Hufei formula prophylaxis significantly reduced the incidence of ILI. Xiaoji Hufei Formula can be recommended as a specific preventive prescription for influenza in children.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xiaoji Hufei Formula in protecting children with close contact exposure to influenza， and to provide reference and evidence-based support for better clinical prevention and treatment of influenza in children. MethodsA multicenter， prospective， non-randomized， parallel， controlled trial was conducted from October 2021 to May 2022 in five hospitals， including Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. Confirmed influenza cases and influenza-like illness （ILI） cases were collected， and eligible children with close contact exposure to these cases were recruited in the outpatient clinics. According to whether the enrolled close contacts were willing to take Xiaoji Hufei formula for influenza prevention， they were assigned to the observation group （108 cases） or the control group （108 cases）. Follow-up visits were conducted on days 7 and 14 after enrollment. The primary outcomes were the incidence of ILI and the rate of laboratory-confirmed influenza. Secondary outcomes included traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） symptom score scale for influenza， influenza-related emergency （outpatient） visit rate， influenza hospitalization rate， and time to onset after exposure to influenza cases. ResultsA total of 216 participants were enrolled， with 108 in the observation group and 108 in the control group. Primary outcomes： （1） Incidence of ILI： The incidence was 12.0% （13/108） in the observation group and 23.1% （25/108） in the control group， with the observation group showing a significantly lower incidence （χ²=4.6， P<0.05）. （2） Influenza confirmation rate： 3.7% （4/108） in the observation group and 4.6% （5/108） in the control group， with no statistically significant difference. Secondary outcomes： （1） TCM symptom score scale： after onset， nasal congestion and runny nose scores differed significantly between the two groups （P<0.05）， while other symptoms such as fever， sore throat， and cough showed no significant differences. （2） Influenza-related emergency （outpatient） visit rate： 84.6% （11 cases） in the observation group and 96.0% （24 cases） in the control group， with no significant difference. （3） Time to onset after exposure： The median onset time after exposure to index patients was 7 days in the observation group and 4 days in the control group， with a statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. ConclusionIn previously healthy children exposed to infectious influenza cases under unprotected conditions， Xiaoji Hufei formula prophylaxis significantly reduced the incidence of ILI. Xiaoji Hufei Formula can be recommended as a specific preventive prescription for influenza in children.

Objective:To explore the feasibility of high-level deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR-H) algorithm in dynamic myocardial perfusion (CTP) and coronary CT angiography (CCTA) extraction.Methods:From October 2021 to October 2022, 41 patients with confirmed or suspected coronary heart disease who underwent traditional CCTA and dynamic CTP examinations on GE Apex CT were prospectively collected. Traditional CCTA used 100 kVp tube voltage scan and DLIR-H to reconstruct the original image, while dynamic CTP used 80 kVp tube voltage scan to reconstruct the original image with ASiR-V 100% and DLIR-H, respectively. Comparing subjective and objective scores and myocardial blood flow (MBF) values?of rest and stress CTP between ASiR-V100% and DLIR-H. Subjective and objective scores, as well as stenosis degree and coronary CT blood flow reserve fraction (CT-FFR) value were analyzed on a vessel basis, and the image quality and diagnostic performance of traditional CCTA and single-phase CCTA (SP-CCTA) extracted under DLIR-H CTP were compared. Statistical analysis were performed using paired t test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and χ2 test. Results:In the subjective image quality analysis of resting and stress CTP, DLIR-H was improved compared with ASiR-V100%, and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in MBF values obtained by the two reconstruction methods in the assessment of quantitative myocardial perfusion ( P>0.05). Compared with traditional CCTA, the vascular CT value of SP-CCTA increased by 15.12%, the noise value increased by 32.27%, and the subjective score was also slightly lower (4.23±0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences in total plaque volume, maximum stenosis degree, and number of CT-FFR positive vessels between SP-CCTA and traditional CCTA (all P>0.05). Conclusion:The deep learning reconstruction algorithm can not only improve the quality of the original image to a certain extent on dynamic CTP, but also extract high-quality single-phase CCTA to meet clinical diagnosis and realize a “one-stop” dynamic myocardial perfusion examination, which will help simplify the examination process, reduce contrast agent and radiation doses in the future.

Objective:To explore the incidence of delirium in patients of advanced age hospitalized in internal medicine departments and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 586 patients of advanced age hospitalized in internal medicine departments at the Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital from May 2023 to May 2024. Patients were divided into a delirium group and a non-delirium group based on whether delirium occurred. Univariate analysis and binary Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the factors influencing delirium in patients of advanced age hospitalized in internal medicine departments.Results:Among 586 patients of advanced age hospitalized in internal medicine departments, the incidence of delirium was 21.2% (124/586). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that age, activities of daily living (Barthel Index), folate deficiency, sleep disorders, and indwelling catheters were factors influencing delirium in patients of advanced age hospitalized in internal medicine departments ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The incidence of delirium is high among patients of advanced age hospitalized in internal medicine departments. Healthcare professionals should pay particular attention to elderly patients with advanced age, limited activities of daily living, folate deficiency, sleep disorders, and indwelling catheters, and should implement targeted preventive strategies as early as possible.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the dynamic changes of inhalant allergen sensitization profiles in patients with allergic rhinitis,asthma and allergic rhinitis combined with asthma in the Beijing area.METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on patients with allergic rhinitis,asthma,and allergic rhinitis combined with asthma who visited the Allergy Department of Beijing Shijitan Hospital from January 2021 to December 2024.All patients underwent skin prick tests for 27 inhalant allergens.RESULTS A total of 28 454 patients were included.The overall positive rate of SPT was 74.21%,with the highest positive rate in the 10-14 age group(84.09%).Spring pollen and summer-autumn pollen were the main allergens,with higher positive rates than dust mites and molds(P<0.05).Juniperus chinensis was the main sensitization in patients with allergic rhinitis,while in patients with allergic rhinitis combined with asthma,sensitization to weeds such as Chenopodium album,Humulus scandens,and Artemisia sieversiana were more common.In recent years,the positive rates of sensitization to spring pollen,summer-autumn pollen,and molds all showed an upward trend(P<0.05),with the most significant increase in molds.CONCLUSION In the Beijing area,pollen,dust mites and mold are the main allergens in spring and autumn.In recent years,the sensitization rates of Juniperus chinensis and Artemisia sieversiana pollen have decreased,but the positive rate of mold sensitization has been on the rise,which still needs to be taken seriously.