Chronic heart failure （CHF） is the final stage of cardiovascular diseases. It is a complex syndrome， with dyspnea and edema as the main clinical manifestations， and it is characterized by complex disease conditions， difficult cure， and high mortality. Ferroptosis， a new type of programmed cell death， is different from other types of programmed cell death. Ferroptosis is iron-dependent， accompanied by lipid peroxide accumulation and mitochondrial shrinkage， becoming a hot research topic. Studies have confirmed that ferroptosis plays a key role in the occurrence and development of CHF. The regulation of ferroptosis may become a potential target for the treatment of CHF in the future. The theory of Qi deficiency and stagnation refers to the pathological state of original Qi deficiency and abnormal transportation and distribution of Qi， blood， and body fluid， which has guiding significance for revealing the pathogenesis evolution of some chronic diseases. We believe that Qi deficiency and stagnation is a summary of the pathogenesis of ferroptosis in CHF. Deficiency of Qi （heart Qi） is the root cause of CHF， and stagnation （phlegm turbidity and blood stasis） is the branch of this disease. The two influence each other in a vicious circle to promote the development of this disease. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） plays an important role in the treatment of CHF， improving the prognosis and quality of life of CHF patients. This paper explores the correlation between the theory of Qi deficiency and stagnation and the mechanism of ferroptosis in CHF. Furthermore， this paper reviews the mechanism of Chinese medicines and compound prescriptions in preventing and treating CHF by regulating ferroptosis according to the principles of replenishing Qi and dredging to remove stagnation， aiming to provide new ideas and methods for the treatment of CHF with TCM.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of infectious diarrhea among older adult patients with schizophrenia, identify the influential factors, and construct a nomogram prediction model for infectious diarrhea.Methods:This study is a prospective cohort study that used convenience sampling to select 160 older patients with schizophrenia from three psychiatric hospitals in Wenzhou (85 cases from Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, 40 cases from Lucheng Third People's Hospital, and 35 cases from The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University) who were admitted between January 2022 and December 2023. The prevalence of infectious diarrhea and its influential factors were statistically analyzed. Regression analysis was conducted to develop a risk prediction model for infectious diarrhea, which was presented using a nomogram.Results:A total of 160 older adult patients with schizophrenia were aged between 61 and 79 years, with an average age of (67.82 ± 7.56) years. Among these patients, 53 were female (33.13%), and 107 were male (66.87%). Thirty-four patients experienced infectious diarrhea, with an incidence rate of 21.25%. Univariate analysis revealed significant differences in body mass index ( χ2 = 9.36, P = 0.009), history of diarrhea ( χ2 = 4.52, P = 0.033), disinfection of tableware ( χ2 = 4.16, P = 0.04), handwashing before and after meals ( χ2 = 6.11, P = 0.013), intestinal flora disorder ( χ2 = 19.43, P < 0.001), CD 4+/CD 8+ ratio ( t = 12.37, P < 0.001), interleukin-17 ( t = 15.86, P < 0.001), and fecal secretory IgA ( t = 20.18, P < 0.001) in older adult patients with schizophrenia. Multifactorial analysis indicated that body mass index ( OR = 0.733), disinfection of tableware ( OR = 0.733), handwashing before and after meals ( OR = 0.452), CD 4+/CD 8+ ratio ( OR = 0.359), interleukin-17 ( OR = 0.563), and fecal secretory IgA ( OR = 0.455) were protective factors against infectious diarrhea in older adult patients with schizophrenia (all P < 0.05). Conversely, a history of diarrhea ( OR = 1.774) and intestinal flora disorder ( OR = 1.528) were identified as risk factors for infectious diarrhea in this population (both P < 0.05). Conclusions:The influential factors for the occurrence of infectious diarrhea in older adult patients with schizophrenia include body mass index, history of diarrhea, disinfection of tableware, handwashing before and after meals, intestinal flora disorder, CD 4+/CD 8+ ratio, interleukin-17, and fecal secretory IgA levels. Future studies should conduct longitudinal research to optimize the prediction model and establish a dynamic nomogram model. This will provide nurses with a reliable tool for dynamically predicting the occurrence of infectious diarrhea in older adult patients with schizophrenia, with the aim of reducing the incidence of infectious diarrhea and improving the patients' quality of life.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent malignant tumor that poses a significant threat to public health. Advances in medical science and increased screening awareness have improved early-stage diagnosis rates, allowing more patients to undergo radical treatment at initial diagnosis. Concurrently, ongoing developments in treatment modalities have expanded the options available for both patients and clinicians. The challenge now lies in making informed decisions to achieve individualized precision medicine, which merits thorough exploration. This article aims to review the latest research on personalized treatment strategies for early-stage HCC, providing a reasonable reference and valuable insights for clinicians.

The liver is the most common anatomical site for hematogenous metastases of colorectal cancer. Hepatic resection is the preferred treatment for colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM). However, a disappointingly small proportion of patients are deemed suitable for surgical resection upon initial consultation. Failure to adequately address these metastatic tumors results in a dire 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. In recent times, thermal ablation, a minimally invasive procedure aimed at controlling local tumor progression, has undergone rigorous validation and garnered recognition for its effectiveness and safety in managing CRLM. This article endeavors to review the advancements in research concerning thermal ablation in the treatment of CRLM, exploring its efficacy, safety profile, and the promising avenues for its clinical application.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent malignant tumor that poses a significant threat to public health. Advances in medical science and increased screening awareness have improved early-stage diagnosis rates, allowing more patients to undergo radical treatment at initial diagnosis. Concurrently, ongoing developments in treatment modalities have expanded the options available for both patients and clinicians. The challenge now lies in making informed decisions to achieve individualized precision medicine, which merits thorough exploration. This article aims to review the latest research on personalized treatment strategies for early-stage HCC, providing a reasonable reference and valuable insights for clinicians.

The liver is the most common anatomical site for hematogenous metastases of colorectal cancer. Hepatic resection is the preferred treatment for colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM). However, a disappointingly small proportion of patients are deemed suitable for surgical resection upon initial consultation. Failure to adequately address these metastatic tumors results in a dire 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. In recent times, thermal ablation, a minimally invasive procedure aimed at controlling local tumor progression, has undergone rigorous validation and garnered recognition for its effectiveness and safety in managing CRLM. This article endeavors to review the advancements in research concerning thermal ablation in the treatment of CRLM, exploring its efficacy, safety profile, and the promising avenues for its clinical application.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of infectious diarrhea among older adult patients with schizophrenia, identify the influential factors, and construct a nomogram prediction model for infectious diarrhea.Methods:This study is a prospective cohort study that used convenience sampling to select 160 older patients with schizophrenia from three psychiatric hospitals in Wenzhou (85 cases from Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, 40 cases from Lucheng Third People's Hospital, and 35 cases from The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University) who were admitted between January 2022 and December 2023. The prevalence of infectious diarrhea and its influential factors were statistically analyzed. Regression analysis was conducted to develop a risk prediction model for infectious diarrhea, which was presented using a nomogram.Results:A total of 160 older adult patients with schizophrenia were aged between 61 and 79 years, with an average age of (67.82 ± 7.56) years. Among these patients, 53 were female (33.13%), and 107 were male (66.87%). Thirty-four patients experienced infectious diarrhea, with an incidence rate of 21.25%. Univariate analysis revealed significant differences in body mass index ( χ2 = 9.36, P = 0.009), history of diarrhea ( χ2 = 4.52, P = 0.033), disinfection of tableware ( χ2 = 4.16, P = 0.04), handwashing before and after meals ( χ2 = 6.11, P = 0.013), intestinal flora disorder ( χ2 = 19.43, P < 0.001), CD 4+/CD 8+ ratio ( t = 12.37, P < 0.001), interleukin-17 ( t = 15.86, P < 0.001), and fecal secretory IgA ( t = 20.18, P < 0.001) in older adult patients with schizophrenia. Multifactorial analysis indicated that body mass index ( OR = 0.733), disinfection of tableware ( OR = 0.733), handwashing before and after meals ( OR = 0.452), CD 4+/CD 8+ ratio ( OR = 0.359), interleukin-17 ( OR = 0.563), and fecal secretory IgA ( OR = 0.455) were protective factors against infectious diarrhea in older adult patients with schizophrenia (all P < 0.05). Conversely, a history of diarrhea ( OR = 1.774) and intestinal flora disorder ( OR = 1.528) were identified as risk factors for infectious diarrhea in this population (both P < 0.05). Conclusions:The influential factors for the occurrence of infectious diarrhea in older adult patients with schizophrenia include body mass index, history of diarrhea, disinfection of tableware, handwashing before and after meals, intestinal flora disorder, CD 4+/CD 8+ ratio, interleukin-17, and fecal secretory IgA levels. Future studies should conduct longitudinal research to optimize the prediction model and establish a dynamic nomogram model. This will provide nurses with a reliable tool for dynamically predicting the occurrence of infectious diarrhea in older adult patients with schizophrenia, with the aim of reducing the incidence of infectious diarrhea and improving the patients' quality of life.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of modified use of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction plus Xijiao Dihuang Decoction in the treatment of patients with psoriasis vulgaris of blood-heat syndrome and to observe its effect on Th1/Th2 balance in the patients.Methods The investigation was carried out in a total of 130 patients with psoriasis vulgaris of blood-heat syndrome,who were admitted to the dermatology department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine between January 2022 and June 2023.The patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group by the random number table method,with 65 patients in each group.The control group was treated with conventional western medicine,while the observation group was treated with modification of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction plus Xijiao Dihuang Decoction on the basis of treatment for the control group.Both groups were treated for four consecutive weeks and were followed up for one year.The changes in the scores of Psoriasis Area and Severity Index(PASI)and Dermatology Life Quality Index(DLQI),levels of peripheral blood Th1/Th2 balance indicators,and levels of peripheral Th1/Th2-related factors such as γ-interferon(INF-γ),interleukin 2(IL-2),and interleukin 4(IL-4)in the two groups of patients before and after treatment were observed.Moreover,the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions during treatment were evaluated,and the recurrent cases within one year in the two groups were counted.Results(1)After four weeks of treatment,the total effective rate of the observation group was 90.77%(59/65),and that of the control group was 76.92%(50/65).The intergroup comparison showed that the clinical efficacy of the observation group was significantly superior to that of the control group(P<0.05).(2)After treatment,the scores of PASI and DLQI in the two groups of patients were decreased when compared with those before treatment(P<0.05),and the decrease of PASI and DLQI scores in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P<0.01).(3)After treatment,the serum levels of Th1/Th2-related factors such as INF-γ and IL-2 in the two groups of patients were decreased when compared with those before treatment(P<0.05),and IL-4 level was increased when compared with that before treatment(P<0.05),and the decrease of serum INF-γ and IL-2 levels and the increase of serum IL-4 level in the observation group were significantly superior to those in the control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).(4)After treatment,the peripheral blood levels of Th1/Th2 balance indicators of Th1,Th2 and Th1/Th2 in the two groups of patients were decreased when compared with those before treatment(P<0.05),and the decrease of peripheral blood Th1,Th2 and Th1/Th2 levels in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P<0.01).(5)The recurrence rate of the observation group was 20.69%(12/58)and that of the control group was 38.33%(23/60),and the recurrence time in the observation group was(8.49±1.43)months and that of the control group was(5.36±0.95)months.The intergroup comparison showed that the one-year recurrence rate of the observation group was significantly decreased compared with that of the control group(P<0.05),and the recurrence time was significantly prolonged compared with that of the control group(P<0.05).(6)The medicine-induced adverse reaction rate in the observation group was 10.77%(7/65)and that in the control group was 12.31%(8/65),and the intergroup comparison showed that the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion Modified use of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction plus Xijiao Dihuang Decoction is effective on enhancing the clinical efficacy of patients with psoriasis vulgaris of blood-heat syndrome,and on improving the balance of Th1/Th2 and the severity of the disease,delaying the recurrence of psoriasis vulgaris,and reducing the recurrence rate,with high safety.

The view of"inferior practitioner guarding the gate while the superior practitioner keeping the trigger"during the clinical practive was recorded in in Huang Di Nei Jing(Huangdi's Cannon of Medicine).This paper probes into the diagnosis and treatment of bi-syndrome from the perspecitve of"guarding the gate"and"keeping the trigger".It is proposed that the lesion of five body constituents(i.e.,skin,vessel,muscle,tendon,and bone)constitutes the injured"gate"of bi-syndrome,and the disharmony of qi and blood constitutes the"trigger"of the onset of bi-syndrome.The location of lesions will be found through examining the gate,and the state of qi and blood will be confirmed after checking the trigger.For the treatment of bi-syndrome,"guarding the gate"is to enable the normality of five body constituents,and"keeping the trigger"is to maintain the abundance and harmony movement of qi and blood,which cover the consideration of focal lesions and the regulation of holistic qi and blood."Guarding the gate"is as important as"keeping the trigger",and the two are interrelated.Only by carefully examining the gate of the lesions and strictly checking the trigger of qi-blood movement,it is possible to identify the deficiency of healthy qi and the excess of the pathogens,the nature of the pathogens and the severity of illness of bi-syndrome,and then the corresponding therapeutic methods can be performed to achieve the efficacy.The view of"guarding the gate"and"keeping the trigger"expands the clinical approach to the diagnosis and treatment of bi-syndrome.

Objective To investigate the disparities in the activities of daily living(ADL)among older adults living in urban and rural areas of Sichuan Province,China and the influencing factors,and to provide a basis for promoting the health of older adults and formulating relevant policies.Methods Using data from the Seventh Health Services Survey of Sichuan Province,we enrolled 7 369 older adults from urban and rural areas and analyzed their ability to perform ADL and the relevant influencing factors.All participants were aged 60 years or older.Chi-square tests and logistic regression were performed to identify the influencing factors.Results The ADL impairment rate among older adults living in urban areas of Sichuan Province was 17.7％,which was higher than the rate of 13.8％among older adults living in rural areas.According to the results of logistic regression analysis,age≥80 years(odds ratio[OR]=3.725;95％CI,2.460-5.639),accidental injuries(OR=2.375;95％CI,1.597-3.532),and good sleep quality(OR=0.420,95％CI:0.289-0.612)were factors influencing ADL among older adults living in urban areas,while age ≥ 80 years(OR=1.867;95％CI,1.459-2.390),being married(OR=0.805;95％CI,0.664-0.976),accidental injuries(OR=1.936;95％CI,1.564-2.397),and participation in social activities(OR=0.417;95％CI,0.352-0.495)were factors influencing ADL among older adults living in rural areas.Conclusion There are differences in ADL impairment rates and the relevant influencing factors between urban and rural older adults in Sichuan Province.These findings underscore the need to consider urban-rural differences when adopting relevant policies and measures.