OBJECTIVE To explore the pharmacodynamic related substances and mechanism of Weining San(WNS) against gastric ulcer(GU) according to fingerprint and network pharmacology. METHODS Twelve batches of WNS fingerprints were established by HPLC, and methodological investigation was carried out. Combined with reference substances, characteristic peaks were identified, pharmacodynamic related substances were screened, and network pharmacological analysis was carried out. Using TCMIP and Swiss Target Prediction database to retrieve component targets; Using OMIM, GeneCards and Drugbank databases to retrieve GU disease targets, taking the intersection targets of components and diseases, using String database to construct protein-protein interaction network diagram, and analyzing topological parameters; Using Cytoscape 3.8.2 software to construct "component-disease-target" network diagram; GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of intersection targets were carried out by Metascape website. Then the alcoholic GU mouse model was established by intragastric administration of absolute ethanol to verify the results of network pharmacology prediction. RESUITS　The precision, stability and repeatability of HPLC fingerprint method were good. By comparison and comprehensive analysis of control substances, notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, militarine, ginsenoside Rb1, schisandrin, schisandrol B, deoxyschizandrin and schisantherin A were identified as pharmacodynamic related substances in WNS, which may play their role by regulating core targets such as AKT1, IL-6, STAT3, TNF, IL1B and key signal pathways such as PI3K-Akt and JAK-STAT. The gastric ulcer index, ulcer inhibition rate and HE staining showed that WNS could improve gastric mucosal injury in GU mice. The results of ELISA, WST-1 and TBA showed that WNS could decrease the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and MDA, and increase the levels of SOD and PGE2, suggesting that the anti-GU effect of WNS was related to the inhibition of inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress mechanism, which further verified the prediction of network pharmacology. CONCLUSION This study combines fingerprint analysis, network pharmacology, and animal experimental validation to explore the pharmacodynamic related substances and mechanisms of WNS anti-GU efficacy, providing reference for quality control and clinical research of WNS.

Objective:To analyze the activity of lithium chloride (LiCl) against influenza virus A (H3N2) in human non-small cell lung cancer cells (A549).Methods:Different concentrations of LiCl were incubated with A549 cells, and the cytopathic effect (CPE) was observed after 24 hours, and the effect of LiCl on cell activity was determined by CCK-8 method. After H3N2 (MOI=1) infected A549 cells, different concentrations of LiCl were added and incubated for 24 hours, and the viral load was measured by real time/reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and the CPE was observed, and the viral titer was determined. Different concentrations of LiCl were incubated with A549 at 37 ℃ and 5% CO 2 for 2 hours, virus was added and incubated for 24 hours, and the viral load was determined by RT-qPCR. LiCl, H3N2 and A549 were incubated at 4 ℃ for 1 hour, 35 ℃, 5% CO 2 for 24 hours, and viral load was determined by RT-qPCR. H3N2 and A549 were incubated at 4 ℃for 1 hour, then different concentrations of LiCl were added, incubated at 35 ℃ with 5% CO 2 for 24 hours, and the viral load was determined by RT-qPCR. After H3N2 infected A549 cells, different concentrations of LiCl were added and incubated for 24 hours, and the viral RNA load and viral titer of the supernatant and cells were measured, respectively, and then the corresponding ratios of the supernatant and the cells were calculated. After H3N2 (MOI=10) and BV (MOI=1) infected A549 cells, different concentrations of LiCl were added for 24 h, and the viral load was determined by RT-qPCR. Results:When the concentration of LiCl was<50 mmol/L, the cell viability of A549>90%. Different concentrations of LiCl could significantly reduce the viral load of H3N2 ( P<0.000 1), and the CPE of the LiCl treatment group was more dose-dependent than that of the control group. LiCl did not inhibit viral replication by affecting the cell itself; Different concentrations of LiCl significantly inhibited the entry of H3N2 into A549 ( P<0.000 1), and also had a certain inhibitory effect on the adsorption of A549 cells ( P<0.1). LiCl did not affect the assembly and release of H3N2 ( P>0.05), and it was also found that LiCl had a broad spectrum of antiviral effects against multiple influenza virus strains ( P<0.000 1). Conclusions:LiCl may exert antiviral effect by inhibiting the adsorption and entry of H3N2 into A549 cells and the replication of H3N2 in A549 cells, which provides a data reference for the prevention and treatment of viral infection by LiCl.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of edaravone dexborneol combined with intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase,in the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS).Methods The patients with AIS undergoing intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase between January 7,2021 and December 31,2022 were enrolled and randomly divided into observation group and control group.The control group was treated with standard treatment according to the AIS guidelines,and the observation group was treated with edaravone dexborneol injection within 48 hours from thrombolysis to the onset of the disease on the basis of the treatment in the control group.7-day post-thrombolysis National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NIHSS),discharged NIHSS,difference between 7-day post-thrombolysis NIHSS and pre-thrombolysis NIHSS,and 3-month all-cause mortality and 3-month poor prognosis ratio were compared between the two groups.Results A total of 232 patients with AIS were randomly allocated to the observation group(n=1 16)and the control group(n=1 16).The differences between the two groups were not statistically significant for 7-day post-thrombolysis NIHSS and difference between 7-day post-thrombolysis NIHSS and pre-thrombolysis NIHSS(P＞0.05),and there were statistical differences in distribution of the discharged NIHSS score between the observation group and control group[2.0(0,3.0)vs.2.0(1.0,5.0),P＜0.05].The 3-month poor prognosis ratio was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group(12.1％vs.28.4％;OR=0.252,95％CI 0.105 to 0.602,P=0.002).Conclusion Edaravone dexborneol enhances the efficacy of AIS undergoing intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase and improves the 3-month outcome of patients.

Baylisascaris schroederi,a roundworm(ascaridoid)parasite specific to the bamboo-feeding giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca),represents a leading cause of mortality in wild giant panda populations.Here,we present a 293-megabase chromosome-level genome assembly of B.schroederi to infer its biology,including host adaptations.Comparative genomics revealed an evolutionary trajectory accompanied by host-shift events in ascaridoid parasite lineages after host separations,suggesting their potential for transmission and rapid adaptation to new hosts.Genomic and anatomical lines of evidence,including expansion and positive selection of genes related to the cuticle and basal metabolisms,indicate that B.schroederi undergoes specific adaptations to survive in the sharp-edged bamboo-enriched gut of giant pandas by structurally increasing its cuticle thickness and efficiently utilizing host nutrients through gut parasitism.Additionally,we characterized the secretome of B.schroederi and predicted potential drug and vaccine targets for new control strategies.Overall,this genome resource provides new insights into the host adaptation of B.schroederi to the giant panda as well as the host-shift events in ascaridoid parasite lineages.Our findings on the unique biology of B.schroederi will also aid in the development of prevention and treatment measures to protect giant panda populations from roundworm parasitism.

Objective:To investigate the viral molecular mutations of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and host adaptability in Suzhou City.Methods:The throat swab specimens from nine local cases and six imported cases with 2019-nCoV viral nucleic acid test positive in Suzhou City were sequenced for the whole genome of the virus, and the Wuhan-Hu-1 strain was used as the reference sequence for alignment and analysis. The phylogenetic tree of the viral whole genome sequence was constructed by MEGA 7.0 software.Results:According to the Chinese typing method, Nextstrain typing method, Pangolin classification method and Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) typing method, the 15 2019-nCoV genome sequences could be divided into seven types, six types, eight types and five subtypes, respectively. Compared with Wuhan-Hu-1 strain, the median number of amino acid sequence mutation sites based on nucleotide translation was three (ranging from 0 to 12). D614G mutation of spike protein was identified from all six imported viral strains, which could enhance the transmissibility. No Alpha, Beta, or Gamma mutants, which also could enhance the transmissibility, was found in the genomic sequences of the imported cases. The median number of nucleotide mutation sites in 15 sequences was eight (ranging from three to 23).Conclusions:2019-nCoV is constantly mutating, and a variety of evolutionary lineages/genotypes have been derived. All imported viruses in Suzhou City carry mutations that can increase infectivity.

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of red blood cell distribution width-to-platelet ratio (RPR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in predicting chronic hepatitis C (CHC)-related compensated liver cirrhosis by comparing serological markers between CHC patients and patients with compensated hepatitis C cirrhosis. MethodsThe patients with CHC in two townships of Fuyu County were screened for liver cirrhosis and liver cancer from September to December in 2019 and 2020, respectively. General information was collected; HCV RNA quantification, liver function, and routine blood test results were measured; liver transient elastography and abdominal ultrasound were performed at the same time. RPR, PLR, NLR, fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), and aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) were calculated. The Mann-Whiney U test was used for comparison between groups. The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to determine the optimal cut-off values of RPR and PLR. A multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors for CHC-related liver cirrhosis. The linear regression trend test was used to investigate the changing trend of RPR, PLR, FIB-4, and APRI in hepatitis C patients with different fibrosis stages. ResultsA total of 968 CHC patients were enrolled, among whom 123 (12.7%) were diagnosed with compensated liver cirrhosis (liver cirrhosis group). Compared with the CHC group, the liver cirrhosis group had a significant increase in RPR and a significant reduction in PLR (P＜0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age ＞60 years (odds ratio ［OR］=1.79, 95% confidence interval ［CI］: 1.12-2.86, P=0.015), albumin ＜40 g/L (OR=1040, 95% CI: 3.47-31.18, P＜0.001), RPR ＞0.081 (OR=3.83, 95% CI: 2.19-6.69, P＜0.001), PLR ＜91.11 (OR=225, 95% CI: 1.31-3.89, P=0.004), FIB-4 ＞3.25 (OR=3.14, 95% CI: 1.74-5.67, P＜0.001), and APRI ＞2 (OR=360, 95% CI: 110-11.78, P=0.035) were associated with the development of CHC-related compensated liver cirrhosis. With the aggravation of liver fibrosis, RPR, FIB-4, and APRI gradually increased and PLR gradually decreased (all P＜0.001). ConclusionRPR and PLR are associated with the development and fibrosis progression of CHC-related compensated liver cirrhosis. Elderly patients with CHC (age ＞60 years) should be monitored for the changes in albumin and liver fibrosis indicators, and RPR and PLR should also be monitored regularly to identify liver cirrhosis in the early stage, give timely treatment, and reduce the incidence rate of liver cancer.

This study aimed to obtain the first national estimate of the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Chinese children. We targeted the population of 6 to 12-year-old children for this prevalence study by multistage convenient cluster sampling. The Modified Chinese Autism Spectrum Rating Scale was used for the screening process. Of the target population of 142,086 children, 88.5% (n = 125,806) participated in the study. A total of 363 children were confirmed as having ASD. The observed ASD prevalence rate was 0.29% (95% CI: 0.26%-0.32%) for the overall population. After adjustment for response rates, the estimated number of ASD cases was 867 in the target population sample, thereby achieving an estimated prevalence of 0.70% (95% CI: 0.64%-0.74%). The prevalence was significantly higher in boys than in girls (0.95%; 95% CI: 0.87%-1.02% versus 0.30%; 95% CI: 0.26%-0.34%; P < 0.001). Of the 363 confirmed ASD cases, 43.3% were newly diagnosed, and most of those (90.4%) were attending regular schools, and 68.8% of the children with ASD had at least one neuropsychiatric comorbidity. Our findings provide reliable data on the estimated ASD prevalence and comorbidities in Chinese children.

Objective To investigate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms of interleukin 23 receptor (IL-23R) gene and Keshan disease (KD) in Northwest Chinese Han population.Methods A total of 285 Chinese Han subjects from Huangling,Shaanxi,including 79 KD patients (case group) and 206 control subjects (control group) were involved in this study.Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral venous blood.The polymorphism of genetic variation was genotyped by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF).All sample groups were tested for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium using goodness-of-fit x2 test.Differences in genotype distribution between two groups were compared by x2 test.Logistic regression analysis was applied to detect association using age as a confounding factor.Results The gene frequency distribution of IL-23R gene rs10889677 in case group and control group conformed to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (x2 =0.254,P ＞ 0.05).Correlation analysis results:the difference of genotype frequency of IL-23R gene rs10889677 in case group (CC,CA,AA were 6.3％,36.7％,57.0％,respectively) and control group (CC,CA,AA were 5.3％,43.2％,51.5％,respectively) was not statistically significant (x2 =1.008,P ＞ 0.05).After age adjustment,there was no significant difference in genotype frequency of IL-23R gene rs10889677 (x2sdj =0.669,P ＞ 0.05) between two groups.Conclusion There is no correlation between IL-23R gene rs10889677 and KD in Northwest Chinese Han population.

OBJECTIVE:To improve the education quality of medical school,so as to provide the excellent human resources for the field of health.METHODS:2011-2014 grades of students majoring in pharmaceutical administration,pharmacy (marketing direction) and other non-medical interdisciplinary subjects were selected from our school to complete the questionnaire which conrained the questions about satisfaction and confidence for the major.The results of investigation were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:Totally 2 668 questionnaires were sent out,and 2 435 were recycled with effective recovery of 91.27％.Half of the students majoring in pharmaceutical administration or pharmacy (marketing) etc.were switched from other majors,and 38.40％(935 number) of the students wanted to change the major.The major of clinical,nursing and anesthesiology were most preferred by the students.Only 15.52％ (378 number),26.32％ (641 number) of the students thought that the school paid enough attention to them or had a positive attitude to their major,respectively.Students majoring in pharmacy (marketing) and health services administration had the lowest satisfaction about their major and the attention paid by the school (P＜0.001).With the growth of grade,the satisfaction of students in various aspects had declined (P＜0.001).Only 44.72％ (1 089 number),34.25％ (834 number) of the students had positive attitude towards the study or were optimistic about the future,respectively.With the growth of the grade,students' satisfaction in all aspects had declined (P＜0.001).Compared to other students,freshman had more positive attitude towards the study or were more optimistic about the future (P＜0.001).Besides,33.65％ (491 number)of the students planning to work immediately after graduation lacked confidence to find a good job.CONCLUSIONS:The lower degree of satisfaction and confidence are found in the students majoring in non-medical interdisciplinary subject in the medical school,and this should be treated seriously by the school.

Objective In order to investigate the epidemical characteristics of the Influenza-like illness (ILI) in Suzhou from 2010 to 2014,providing the scientific supports for influenza prevention and control of Suzhou.Methods The influenza samples were collected from the department of respiration of Suzhou Municipal Hospital Division and Suzhou city children's hospital,using fluorescent-PCR method to detect influenza virus nucleic acid and classifying influenza virus subtypes.Results 8035 throat swabs of ILI specimens were collected from 2010-2014 in Suzhou,959 samples were positive (11.94％),the positive rate of difference of adjacent years was statistically significant (x2 =77.78,P ＜ 0.0001).The positive rate was highest in the age group of 10-19 and lowest in the age group of 40-49 among all detected age groups.The influenza epidemic season were winter-spring and summer in Suzhou,type B influenza main in spring and winter,and influenza A in prevalent throughout all year,each subtype showing alternating popular.Conclusions From 2011-2014,influenza virus infected people in every age group of Suzhou,the peak popular time are winter-spring and summer of every year,all kinds of influenza subtype epidemic alternately,so it needs to supervise influenza etiology of Suzhou for a long-term to providing theoretical basis for further control the spread of the flu.