By analyzing the connotation of "kenang （窠囊）" and its relationship with adenoid hypertrophy （AH） in children， this paper suggests that kenang plays a significant role in the development process of pediatric AH， from the initial accumulation of phlegm-dampness in the early stage， to the binding of phlegm and stasis in the middle stage， and finally the healthy qi deficiency with phlegm stagnation in the late stage， and may also serve as a key entry point for the diagnosis and treatment. From the perspective of "kenang"， and in combination with the core pathogenesis of pediatric AH characterized by lung heat and phlegm stasis， this paper proposes that the key therapeutic principles include clearing heat to resolve phlegm， activating blood to remove stasis， and reducing swelling to dissipate nodules. A staged treatment strategy based on the self-formulated Bizhi Formula （鼻窒方） with modifications is used. In the early stage of the disease， the treatment should be soothing the wind and relieving the exterior， resolving phlegm and dredging the orifices to prevent the initial knot of kenang， for which Bizhi Formula and Cangerzi Powder （苍耳子散） with modifications can be used. In the middle stage， the treatment should be dissolving phlegm and expelling stasis， dispersing knots and unblocking orifices to break down the establishment of kenang， and Bizhi Formula combined with Haizao Yuhu Decoction （海藻玉壶汤） with modifications is suggested. In the late stage， the treatment emphasizes reinforcing healthy qi and consolidating the root， resolving phlegm and dredging collaterals in order to prevent recurrence of kenang， and the suggested prescription is modified Bizhi Formula combined with Shenling Baizhu Powder （参苓白术散）.

By analyzing the connotation of "kenang （窠囊）" and its relationship with adenoid hypertrophy （AH） in children， this paper suggests that kenang plays a significant role in the development process of pediatric AH， from the initial accumulation of phlegm-dampness in the early stage， to the binding of phlegm and stasis in the middle stage， and finally the healthy qi deficiency with phlegm stagnation in the late stage， and may also serve as a key entry point for the diagnosis and treatment. From the perspective of "kenang"， and in combination with the core pathogenesis of pediatric AH characterized by lung heat and phlegm stasis， this paper proposes that the key therapeutic principles include clearing heat to resolve phlegm， activating blood to remove stasis， and reducing swelling to dissipate nodules. A staged treatment strategy based on the self-formulated Bizhi Formula （鼻窒方） with modifications is used. In the early stage of the disease， the treatment should be soothing the wind and relieving the exterior， resolving phlegm and dredging the orifices to prevent the initial knot of kenang， for which Bizhi Formula and Cangerzi Powder （苍耳子散） with modifications can be used. In the middle stage， the treatment should be dissolving phlegm and expelling stasis， dispersing knots and unblocking orifices to break down the establishment of kenang， and Bizhi Formula combined with Haizao Yuhu Decoction （海藻玉壶汤） with modifications is suggested. In the late stage， the treatment emphasizes reinforcing healthy qi and consolidating the root， resolving phlegm and dredging collaterals in order to prevent recurrence of kenang， and the suggested prescription is modified Bizhi Formula combined with Shenling Baizhu Powder （参苓白术散）.

Treatment based on meridian differentiation is a characteristic method in clinical acupuncture diagnosis and treatment. Accurately defining and explaining its main content and core concepts is essential for effective clinical guidance. This paper reviews the historical and contemporary understanding, concepts, and primary content of treatment based on meridian differentiation. It proposes a four-step process for clinical application: meridian examination, treatment based on meridian differentiation, acupoint selection, and appropriate treatment methods, with TCM syndrome differentiation applied throughout. Constructing a diagnostic and treatment system which is based on meridian differentiation and suited to clinical acupuncture is significant for enhancing therapeutic efficacy and maximizing the benefits of acupuncture in disease treatment.
Humans ; Meridians ; Acupuncture Therapy/methods* ; Acupuncture Points ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Objective To analyze the correlation between lipid metabolism indexes,serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidyase(γ-GGT)and coronary heart disease(CHD)complicated with coronary artery calcification(CAC).Methods A total of 300 CHD patients admitted in this study were divided into the CAC group(n=193)and the non-CAC group(n=107).Clinical data of the two groups were compared,including high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),Apolipoprotein A1(Apo-A1),Apo-B(APO-B)and γ-GGT.The influencing factors of CAC were analyzed by multiple Logistic factors.And a nomogram prediction model was established.Results The basic data of the two groups were compared.Patients of the CAC group was older,had higher proportion of patients with hypertension and diabetes,had higher levels of LDL-C,TC,Apo-B and γ-GGT and lower level of Apo-A1 than those of the non-CAC group(P＜0.05).The results of Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that advanced age,combined history of diabetes,elevated LDL-C,TC,Apo-B and γ-GGT were risk factors of CHD complicated with CAC,while elevated Apo-A1 was the protective factor of CHD complicated with CAC(P＜0.05).The AUC of the constructed nomogram model was 0.880(95%CI:0.840-0.919),which showed good distinguishing ability.Conclusion CHD complicated with CAC is related to lipid metabolism and γ-GGT level.The nomogram model constructed based on influencing factors can be used for clinical early warning of CAC risk.

OBJECTIVES: We propose a myocardial infarction (MI) detection and localization model for improving the diagnostic accuracy for MI to provide assistance to clinical decision-making. METHODS: The proposed model was constructed based on multi-scale field residual blocks fusion modified channel attention (MSF-RB-MCA). The model utilizes lead II electrocardiogram (ECG) signals to detect and localize MI, and extracts different levels of feature information through the multi-scale field residual block. A modified channel attention for automatic adjustment of the feature weights was introduced to enhance the model's ability to focus on the MI region, thereby improving the accuracy of MI detection and localization. RESULTS: A 5-fold cross-validation test of the model was performed using the publicly available Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) dataset. For MI detection, the model achieved an accuracy of 99.96% on the test set with a specificity of 99.84% and a sensitivity of 99.99%. For MI localization, the accuracy, specificity and sensitivity were 99.81%, 99.98% and 99.65%, respectively. The performances of the model for MI detection and localization were superior to those of other comparison models. CONCLUSIONS The proposed MSF-RB-MCA model shows excellent performance in AI detection and localization based on lead II ECG signals, demonstrating its great potential for application in wearable devices.
Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis* ; Humans ; Electrocardiography/methods* ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Algorithms ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of less invasive surfactant administration(LISA)combined with budesonide and supported by nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation(NIPPV)in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome(RDS).Methods Premature infants with RDS at the gestational age of 26-32 weeks in the neonatal ward of Xuzhou Central Hospital from Feb-ruary 2022 to March 2024 were divided into the observation group and the control group in this prospective randomized controlled trial.The control group suspended nasal continuous positive airway pressure(NCPAP),they were intubated and infused with PS into the lung through endotracheal tube and extubated(INSURE),then continued to receive NCPAP.In the observation group,a LISA tube was insert-ed through the vocal cords under direct vision with direct laryngoscope,then infused pulmonary surfactant(PS)and budesonide into the lung when NIPPV ventilation was applied.The results of blood gas analysis at 1h and 6h after intratracheal instillation of PS,medication administration,clinical efficacy,related complications of budesonide,bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)were compared between the two groups.Results A total of 126 preterm infants with RDS were enrolled in the study,including 65 in the observation group and 61 in the control group.The incidence of regurgitation in the observation group were lower than those in the control group[(10.8％(7/65)vs 24.6％(15/61)],and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The PaO2/FiO2(P/F)in the observation group at 1h and 6h were higher than those in the control group,while PaCO2were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statis-tically significant(all P＜0.05).The duration of non-invasive respiratory support(11.4±4.6 days vs 15.9±5.6 days),total oxygen inhaling(14.9±6.9 days vs 21.2±8.5 days),failure rate of machine withdrawal[(10.8％(7/65)vs 24.6％(15/61)],the rate of tracheal intubation within 72h[9.2％(6/65)vs 23.0％(14/61)],and re-administration of PS[18.5％(12/65)vs 34.4％(21/61)],the times of apnea[9.0(3.0-25.0)times vs 17.0(5.0-29.0)times]in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The occurrence of BPD in the observational group were lower than those in the control group[15.4％(10/65)vs 34.4％(21/61)](P＜0.05).There were no significant differences between two groups in the related complications of budesonide(all P＞0.05).Conclusion LISA combined with budesonide and supported by NIPPV can effectively improve oxygenation,shorten the duration of non-invasive respiratory support,reduce the mechanical ventilation rate,and reduce the incidence of BPD in the treatment of premature infants with RDS at the gestational age of 26-32 weeks.

Objective:To explore the value of ultrasound imaging characteristics combined with clinical indicators in assessing the prognosis of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted for patients who underwent pancreatic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) from September 2017 to October 2023 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital and were diagnosed with PDAC based on pathological findings. Various parameters were recorded, including CA19-9 levels, tumor size, location, morphologic features, echogenicity, presence of internal cystic components, dilatation of the main pancreatic duct, peripheral vascular invasion, CEUS characteristics, presence or absence of liver metastasis, and treatment methods. In April 2024, patient survival information was obtained through telephone follow-up or review of medical records. Based on the results of the cox regression model analysis, a nomogram model of the risk of death was developed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the model. The calibration curves were plotted to evaluate the accuracy of the model, and clinical decision curves were used to evaluate the clinical benefit of the model.Results:This study included a total of 207 patients with PDAC. As of April 2024, 71 patients were alive and 136 died, with a median survival time of 14 months (95% CI: 12 -17). Multivariate analysis confirmed that the elevated CA19-9 ( HR=1.689, 95% CI: 1.102-2.588), tumor size >4 cm ( HR=1.641, 95% CI: 1.159-2.322), taller-than-wide shapes ( HR=1.450, 95% CI: 1.019-2.065), incomplete hypo-enhancement ( HR=1.618, 95% CI: 1.100-2.380), and liver metastasis ( HR=1.687, 95% CI: 1.175-2.423) were independent risk factors for survival in patients with PDAC. A nomogram model was further constructed for 6-month, 12-month and 3-year survival of patients with PDAC. The areas under the ROC curve were 0.679, 0.705 and 0.815, respectively. The calibration curves suggested that the model was more accurate, and the clinical decision curves showed that the model had a better clinical benefit. Conclusion:The combined use of ultrasound imaging characteristics and clinical indicators could effectively predict the prognosis of PDAC patients. Specifically, tumor size >4 cm, taller-than-wide shapes, incomplete hypo-enhancement, elevated CA19-9, and the presence of liver metastasis are correlated with poorer survival outcomes. The nomogram model constructed on the basis of these factors can be used to assess the survival of patients with PDAC.

Objective To analyze the correlation between lipid metabolism indexes,serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidyase(γ-GGT)and coronary heart disease(CHD)complicated with coronary artery calcification(CAC).Methods A total of 300 CHD patients admitted in this study were divided into the CAC group(n=193)and the non-CAC group(n=107).Clinical data of the two groups were compared,including high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),Apolipoprotein A1(Apo-A1),Apo-B(APO-B)and γ-GGT.The influencing factors of CAC were analyzed by multiple Logistic factors.And a nomogram prediction model was established.Results The basic data of the two groups were compared.Patients of the CAC group was older,had higher proportion of patients with hypertension and diabetes,had higher levels of LDL-C,TC,Apo-B and γ-GGT and lower level of Apo-A1 than those of the non-CAC group(P＜0.05).The results of Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that advanced age,combined history of diabetes,elevated LDL-C,TC,Apo-B and γ-GGT were risk factors of CHD complicated with CAC,while elevated Apo-A1 was the protective factor of CHD complicated with CAC(P＜0.05).The AUC of the constructed nomogram model was 0.880(95%CI:0.840-0.919),which showed good distinguishing ability.Conclusion CHD complicated with CAC is related to lipid metabolism and γ-GGT level.The nomogram model constructed based on influencing factors can be used for clinical early warning of CAC risk.

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of less invasive surfactant administration(LISA)combined with budesonide and supported by nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation(NIPPV)in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome(RDS).Methods Premature infants with RDS at the gestational age of 26-32 weeks in the neonatal ward of Xuzhou Central Hospital from Feb-ruary 2022 to March 2024 were divided into the observation group and the control group in this prospective randomized controlled trial.The control group suspended nasal continuous positive airway pressure(NCPAP),they were intubated and infused with PS into the lung through endotracheal tube and extubated(INSURE),then continued to receive NCPAP.In the observation group,a LISA tube was insert-ed through the vocal cords under direct vision with direct laryngoscope,then infused pulmonary surfactant(PS)and budesonide into the lung when NIPPV ventilation was applied.The results of blood gas analysis at 1h and 6h after intratracheal instillation of PS,medication administration,clinical efficacy,related complications of budesonide,bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)were compared between the two groups.Results A total of 126 preterm infants with RDS were enrolled in the study,including 65 in the observation group and 61 in the control group.The incidence of regurgitation in the observation group were lower than those in the control group[(10.8％(7/65)vs 24.6％(15/61)],and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The PaO2/FiO2(P/F)in the observation group at 1h and 6h were higher than those in the control group,while PaCO2were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statis-tically significant(all P＜0.05).The duration of non-invasive respiratory support(11.4±4.6 days vs 15.9±5.6 days),total oxygen inhaling(14.9±6.9 days vs 21.2±8.5 days),failure rate of machine withdrawal[(10.8％(7/65)vs 24.6％(15/61)],the rate of tracheal intubation within 72h[9.2％(6/65)vs 23.0％(14/61)],and re-administration of PS[18.5％(12/65)vs 34.4％(21/61)],the times of apnea[9.0(3.0-25.0)times vs 17.0(5.0-29.0)times]in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The occurrence of BPD in the observational group were lower than those in the control group[15.4％(10/65)vs 34.4％(21/61)](P＜0.05).There were no significant differences between two groups in the related complications of budesonide(all P＞0.05).Conclusion LISA combined with budesonide and supported by NIPPV can effectively improve oxygenation,shorten the duration of non-invasive respiratory support,reduce the mechanical ventilation rate,and reduce the incidence of BPD in the treatment of premature infants with RDS at the gestational age of 26-32 weeks.

Objective:To systematically evaluate and integrate qualitative research from nurses on perceptions and feelings of elder self-neglect, with the aim of providing a reference for early identification, prevention, and intervention of elder self-neglect by nursing staff.Methods:Qualitative research of nurses' perceptions and feelings of elder self-neglect was systematically searched in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, VIP, and China Biology Medicine disc by computer. The search period was from database establishment to March 31, 2024. The quality of the literature was evaluated according to the quality evaluation criteria for qualitative research of the Australia Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center. The aggregate integration approach was used to integrate the findings of the study.Results:A total of eight papers were included to distill 30 findings, and similar findings were generalized and integrated to form 11 categories and synthesized into three integrated findings, including nurses' perception of elder self-neglect, manifestations of elder self-neglect from nurses' perspectives, and influencing factors of elder self-neglect from nurses' perspectives.Conclusions:Nurses should understand the manifestations and influencing factors of elder self-neglect, improve own professionalism, and help the elderly establish positive coping mechanisms to promote healthy aging.