Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern to activate the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling in macrophages, promoting tissue inflammation. However, its role in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unclear. Macrophage-specific Sting1 knockout mice were used to validate STING's pathological role in AMI. Cardiac and liver mtDNA were used to activate macrophages in co-culture systems with cardiomyocytes to assess fibrosis and hypertrophy. Panaxatriol saponin (PTS) was tested for its ability to block mtDNA-driven macrophage activation and subsequent cardiomyocyte damage. STING-PTS binding ability was analyzed. AMI rats received PTS to evaluate its effects on myocardial inflammation and ventricular remodeling. In vivo, macrophage-specific Sting1 knockout reduced myocardial inflammation and injury after AMI. In vitro, mtDNA-activated macrophages induced cardiomyocyte fibrosis and hypertrophy through STING signaling. PTS suppressed mtDNA-driven macrophage activation by directly binding STING, thereby blocking inflammatory cascades. In AMI rats, PTS treatment attenuated acute inflammation and reversed ventricular remodeling. These findings establish the mtDNA-STING axis in macrophages as a critical driver of post-AMI inflammation and identify pharmacological STING inhibition with PTS as a promising therapeutic strategy. The study bridges genetic validation with translational applications, highlighting macrophage STING as a novel target for ischemic heart disease management.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and incidence of adverse reactions of therapeutic erythrocytapheresis in high altitude polycythemia (HAPC) population. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 243 HAPC patients who were either native residents or long-term workers in Xizang and underwent therapeutic erythrocytapheresis in the Chengdu Office Hospital of the People's Government of Xizang Autonomous Region from 2021 to 2023. A comparative study was carried out on the changes in blood routine, vital signs, skin color, serum iron metabolism data, and the incidence of adverse reactions before and after the procedure. Results: After erythrocytapheresis, significant decreases were observed in red blood cell (RBC) count (7.06±0.89×10 vs 6.08±0.93×10 /L, P<0.001], hemoglobin (HGB, 211.59±17.99 vs 182.76±19.83 g/L, P<0.001), hematocrit (Hct) [(65.30±6.45)% vs (55.56±8.12)%, P<0.001], serum iron (14.46±4.38 vs 11.77±3.78 μmol/L, P=0.003), total iron-binding capacity (126.62±4.47 vs 123.73±3.77 μmol/L, P=0.002), transferrin (1.88±0.41 vs 1.77±0.12 g/L, P=0.023), transferrin saturation [(11.32±3.11)% vs (9.43±2.78)%, P=0.004], serum ferritin (832.4±295.6 vs 665.3±249.2 ng/mL, P<0.001), systolic blood pressure (123.86±14.43 vs 118.51±13.68 mmHg, P<0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (81.68±9.54 vs 74.28±7.61 mmHg, P<0.001). In contrast, platelet count (Plt, 137.21±46.21 ×10 vs 147.94±50.66 ×10 /L, P<0.001) and oxygen saturation [(93.97±3.29)% vs (95.84±2.27)%, P<0.001] increased. No significant differences were found in white blood cell (WBC) count [5.35 (4.59, 6.44)×10 /L vs 5.43 (4.54, 6.53) ×10 /L, P=0.690], unsaturated iron-binding capacity (112.15±0.50 vs 111.96±0.25 μmol/L, P=0.074) and pulse rate (73.42±11.28 vs 73.19±7.18 beats/min, P=0.750). Furthermore, skin color of the face (conjunctiva, lips) and palms mitigated after therapeutic erythrocytapheresis, changing from purplish-red to red. The total incidence of adverse reactions during erythrocytapheresis was 13.98% (34/243), including citrate toxicity 12.75% (31/243), puncture site hematoma 0.82% (2/243) and blood volume imbalance 0.41% (1/243). Conclusion: Therapeutic erythrocytapheresis could rapidly decrease HCT, Hb, serum iron, transferrin and transferrin saturation levels in HAPC patients, with a low incidence of adverse reactions. Therefore, therapeutic erythrocytapheresis has broad clinical application prospects in Xizang Autonomous Region.

Objective:To discuss the optimal doping concentration of vanadium(V)and silicon(Si)co-doped TiO? coating(V-Si TiO?)formed on titanium surface by electrochemical treatment,to evaluate its antibacterial effect under visible light irradiation,and to clarify its visible light response mechanism.Methods:The medical pure titanium sheets were subjected to micro-arc oxidation followed by high-temperature calcination,and V-Si TiO2 coatings with different doping concentrations were prepared by adjusting the ratio of V to Si in the electrolyte.The experiment was divided into 1V:10Si(V5Si50)group,2V:10Si(V10Si50)group,and 3V:10Si(V15Si50)group;control group was set up(contains only bacterial culture medium).The optimal doping concentration was screened based on comprehensive evaluation of surface morphology,ion release,photocatalytic ability,and biocompatibility;cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)method was used to detect the proliferation activities and the survival rates of the cells in various group.Subsequently,the optimized coating was characterized and compared by scanning electron microscope(SEM),atomic force microscopy(AFM),digital eddy current coating thickness gauge,X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscope(XPS),and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy(UV-vis).The experiment was divided into PT group(blank control),PEO group(no element doping),V10 group(V doping),Si50 group(Si doping),and V10Si50 group(2V:10Si).The ability of the coating materials to degrade methylene blue(MB)and generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)under visible light were detected.For antibacterial experiments,Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)and Escherichia coli(E.coli)were used.The colony counts on plates in various groups were recorded after visible light irradiation for 2 h and dark treatment for 2 h,respectively.The ROS levels were detected using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate(DCFH-DA)ROS probe.ROS scavenging experiment was performed using the optimal doping concentration V10Si50 group,and the two kinds of bacteria were divided into blank control group,N-acetylcysteine(NAC)group,V10Si50 group,and NAC+V10Si50 group.The colony counts on plates in various groups were recorded after visible light irradiation for 2 h.Results:The V concentration of 0.01 mol·L?1 and Si concentration of 0.05 mol·L?1 in the electrolyte solution were the optimal doping concentrations for the V-Si TiO? coating.The SEM observation results showed that compared with V5Si50 group and V15Si50 group,the surface pore size of the coating material in V10Si50 group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the coating thickness was significantly increased(P<0.05);its crystal structure was mainly anatase type,and the MB degradation rate of the coating material in V10Si50 group after 9 h of visible light catalysis was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the cell proliferation activity and cell survival rate in V10Si50 group were significantly increased at 1,2,and 4 d of cell culture(P<0.05);at 2 and 4 d of cell culture,the cell proliferation activity and cell survival rate in V5Si50 group and V15Si50 group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with PT,PEO,and Si50 groups,the colony counts of two kinds of the bacteria in V10 group and V10Si50 group after visible light irradiation for 2 h were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with PT group and PEO group,the ROS levels in two kinds of the bacteria in V10Si50 group after 2 h of irradiation were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with V10Si50 group,the colony counts of two kinds of the bacteria in NAC+V10Si50 group were significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:A reasonably loaded V-Si TiO? coating material(V10Si50)was screened out,which maintained good biological activity and significantly enhanced the antibacterial effect under visible light irradiation.

Objective: To explore the efficacy and safety of clonidine adhesive patch in Tourette syndrome (TS) patients with comorbid attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: This study was conducted on a sample of children and adolescents with TS who had comorbid ADHD between May 2012 and March 2015. The patients were diagnosed according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition, and were randomly assigned to four different dose groups: 1.0 mg/week, 1.5 mg/week, 2.0 mg/week and placebo group, and the symptom was evaluated by Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Rating Scale, Version IV (SNAP-IV) and Yale Global Tic Severity Scale scales every 2 weeks. The primary outcome was tic disorders (TD) effective rate at week 8. Results: One hundred and twenty-seven TS patients with comorbid ADHD in 2.0 mg/week (n=35), 1.5 mg/week (n=27), 1.0 mg/week (n=36) and placebo groups (n=29) were included in this subgroup analysis. The TD effective rate of the 2.0 mg, 1.5 mg, and 1.0 mg groups at week 8 were significantly better than that in placebo group (85.7%, 81.5%, and 86.1% vs. 20.7%, all p<0.0001). All groups demonstrated significant improvements in SNAP-IV total scale scores compared to baseline (p=0.0004), with treatment groups showing only a trend for better performance compared to placebo group at week 8, without statistical differences (22.1±15.41, 21.3±11.96, and 21.2±12.48 vs. 26.0±13.37, p=0.3385). A total of 9 adverse reactions occurred, all recovered spontaneously without additional medication. Conclusion Clonidine adhesive patch could safely and effectively reduce the tic symptoms of TS patients with comorbid ADHD, and might be potentially helpful in the ADHD symptoms control.

OBJECTIVES: Shelter hospital was an alternative way to provide large-scale medical isolation and treatment for people with mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Due to various reasons, patients admitted to the large shelter hospital was reported high level of psychological distress, so did the healthcare workers. This study aims to introduce a comprehensive and multifaceted psychosocial crisis intervention model. METHODS: The psychosocial crisis intervention model was provided to 200 patients and 240 healthcare workers in Wuhan Wuchang shelter hospital. Patient volunteers and organized peer support, client-centered culturally sensitive supportive care, timely delivery of scientific information about COVID-19 and its complications, mental health knowledge acquisition of non-psychiatric healthcare workers, group activities, counseling and education, virtualization of psychological intervention, consultation and liaison were exhibited respectively in the model. Pre-service survey was done in 38 patients and 49 healthcare workers using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire 2-item (PHQ-2) scale, and the Primary Care PTSD screen for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (PC-PTSD-5). Forty-eight healthcare workers gave feedback after the intervention. RESULTS: The psychosocial crisis intervention model was successfully implemented by 10 mental health professionals and was well-accepted by both patients and healthcare workers in the shelter hospital. In pre-service survey, 15.8% of 38 patients were with anxiety, 55.3% were with stress, and 15.8% were with depression; 16.3% of 49 healthcare workers were with anxiety, 26.5% were with stress, and 22.4% were with depression. In post-service survey, 62.5% of 48 healthcare workers thought it was very practical, 37.5% thought more practical; 37.5% of them thought it was very helpful to relief anxiety and insomnia, and 27.1% thought much helpful; 37.5% of them thought it was very helpful to recognize patients with anxiety and insomnia, and 29.2% thought much helpful; 35.4% of them thought it was very helpful to deal with patients' anxiety and insomnia, and 37.5% thought much helpful. CONCLUSIONS Psychological crisis intervention is feasible, acceptable, and associated with positive outcomes. Future tastings of this model in larger population and different settings are warranted.
Humans ; COVID-19 ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Crisis Intervention ; Psychosocial Intervention ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Mental Health ; Depression/epidemiology* ; Health Personnel/psychology* ; Anxiety/etiology*

‍Traditionally， the progression from compensated liver cirrhosis to decompensated liver cirrhosis has been considered an irreversible point in the natural history of the disease； however， with the suppression of underlying etiology， cure， and disease regression， this view is challenged by an increasing number of new evidence， and the idea of “recompensation of liver cirrhosis” is gradually being accepted. In recent years， scholars in China and globally have been exploring the specific definition of recompensation of liver cirrhosis and the clinical features of patients. By summarizing the recent studies on recompensation of liver cirrhosis in China and globally， integrating existing views， and analyzing related research evidence， this article points out the main challenges in the field of recompensation at this stage， including the lack of in－depth clinical and basic research， the need to define recompensation in the context of NAFLD， and related ethical issues， in order to provide new directions for future research in this field.

Preeclampsia is a unique complication in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, but its pathogenesis remains unclear and the early diagnosis and treatment methods are yet to be perfect. Termination of pregnancy at the right time is the only way to prevent its deterioration and avoid adverse pregnancy outcomes. In recent years, with the in-depth research, non-coding RNAs has been found to be involved in many important physiological and pathological processes such as proliferation and apoptosis of trophoblast cells and these non-coding RNAs can regulate each other to form an intricate and competitive endogenous RNA regulatory network. This article will introduce the biological roles of non-coding RNAs in regulating the invasion and proliferation of trophoblast cells in patients with preeclampsia and possible regulatory relationship between non-coding RNAs. Furthermore, the potential clinical value of non-coding RNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for preeclampsia and therapeutic targets are also elaborated.

Objective:This study aims to analyze the characteristics and basic principles of emergency surgery risks and anesthesia care of medical support at the landing site for China’s taikonauts of the Shenzhou-12, and to summarize China’s experience in medical support at the landing site for manned spaceflight, and ensure supports in special environments such as an emergency return of manned spaceflight.Methods:This study was carried out through literature research on relevant reports on the emergency surgery risks and aids of domestic and foreign astronauts at the landing sites, and summaries of the experience in medical support for taikonauts of spacecrafts from Shenzhou-5 to Shenzhou-11 at the landing sites. At the same time, according to the characteristics of Shenzhou-12 such as the long on-orbit time, the adjustment in the landing area, the optimization of the mission mode, and new search and rescue power, a series of organization, pre-arranged planning, equipment allocation, and effective anesthesia treatment plan were proposed and inspected in practice.Results:Based on the original anesthesia care plan of medical support, the first-aid carrier was adjusted and modified, the first-aid procedure was optimized, a new generation of supraglottic airway opening tool, video laryngoscope, portable ultrasound, and other devices were added, and the anesthesia care plan at the landing site for manned spaceflight was formulated to provide strong support for the medical care of taikonauts that had stayed in the outer space for a long time.Conclusions:Upon the targeted improvement and process optimization, the anesthesia care plan of medical support for taikonauts of Shenzhen-12 in the landing area fully meets the anesthesia requirement of medical support in special environments such as the emergency return of the taikonauts that have stayed in the outer space for a long time under the new orbital altitude.

Objective:To explore the characteristics and nursing measures of medical rescue support in space station.Methods:According to the characteristics of medical rescue support task of manned space mission, practical nursing schemes and corresponding nursing measures were formulated from the aspects of personnel selection, personnel training, material preparation, process formulation, training exercise and epidemic prevention.Results:The "Shenzhou-12" mission includes the whole launch phase, operation phase and return phase. There are many tasks that cover a long time. The contents of medical rescue support include personnel's physical and mental quality, technical ability, environmental equipment, the possible injuries of astronauts, and the normalization of COVID-19's task guarantee. In view of this content, a practical nursing scheme was formulated to enable nurses to quickly master and skillfully cooperate with the treatment, win more time for the treatment and improve the overall rescue level.Conclusions:Various process plans have been integrated and optimized for medical rescue support of space mission. The equipment carried is advanced, and can be used in various complex environments and complex working conditions. The rescue support personnel have also done their best, kept improving and solidified the state. We should constantly sum up experience, explore and study new problems, and make new achievements in medical rescue support for space missions.

To analyze how the handover were effected by the conditions of manned spaceflight medical support mission through the practice of medical equipment and drugs in Shenzhou-12 and Shenzhou-13 manned spaceflight medical rescue support missions, this article discussed the preparation, organization and implementation in the handover of medical equipment and drugs in the changing of medical rescue teams, summarized the notices in the work of handover, and provided experience for the smooth handover of different manned spaceflight medical rescue teams in the future.