Objective:To evaluate the effect of sleep deprivation on the expression of sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) in the cerebellum of immature mice.Methods:Fifty SPF healthy male C57BL/6 mice, aged 4 weeks, weighing 14-16 g, were divided into 2 groups ( n=25 each) using a random number table method: control group (Con group) and sleep deprivation group (SD group). The chronic sleep deprivation model was prepared by using the multi-platform water environment method, with 20 h of sleep deprivation per day for 10 consecutive days. After sleep deprivation, a balance beam experiment was performed to test the balance and coordination ability of mice. The mice were sacrificed after anesthesia and cerebellar lobular IV-VI (4-6 cb) tissues were taken for microscopic examination of the ultrastructure (with a transmission electron microscope) and for determination of the dendritic spine density of cerebellar 4-6cb Purkinje neurons (by Golgi staining), co-expression of SIRT6 and Calbindin D-28k (CbD-28k) and expression of glucose transporter Glut3 of cerebellar 4-6cb (by immunofluorescence staining). Results:Compared with group Con, the duration of passage through the balance beam was significantly prolonged, and the number of posterior foot slips was increased, the synaptic gap of cerebellar 4-6cb neurons was increased, the thickness of postsynaptic density was increased, the density of dendritic spines of Purkinje cells and the number of positive cells co-expressing SIRT6 and CbD-28k were decreased, and the expression of Glut3 was down-regulated in group SD ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The mechanism by which sleep deprivation decreases the abilities of balance and coordination is related to down-regulating SIRT6 expression in cerebellar Purkinje cells and decreasing neuronal glucose metabolism, thus damaging the synaptic plasticity of cerebellum in immature mice.

Objective: To explore the emotional and behavioral problems of different only child and multiple child families, and to provide a reference for developing effective parenting styles. Methods: A stratified random cluster sampling method was adopted to investigate 2 647 guardians of preschool children in Tongling City from April to June, 2022. Children s emotional and behavioral problems were evaluated by using the self designed parenting questionnaire and the Children s Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) parent edition. Results: The abnormal total score detection rate of emotional and behavioral problems of preschool children was 15.5%, and the rate of abnormal peer interaction was the highest (19.5%). In multiple child families, the first born child (17.5%, 20.4%), compared with the second and third child (11.5%, 9.5%), was more likely to exhibit conduct and hyperactivity problems ( χ 2=8.44, 29.75, P <0.01). There were differences in parenting attitudes between only child and multiple child families( χ 2=9.38, P <0.05). The results of the Logistic regression analysis showed that more frequent parent child discussion, the persuasive education and consistent family discipline strategy were negatively related to the emotional and behavioral problems of only children and children in multiple child families ( OR =0.15, 0.49, 0.38; 0.34, 0.40, 0.42, P <0.05). However, harmonious family relationships were only negatively related to emotional and behavioral problems in only children ( OR =0.08, P <0.01), and a higher education level among mothers was negatively related to emotional and behavioral problems in children from multiple child family environments( OR=0.30, 0.45, P <0.05). Conclusion The emotional and behavioral problems are serious of preschool children in Tongling City, the psychological development of the oldest children from multiple child and only child families should be actively followed, as this would help to promote a better understanding of the development of preschool children s physical and mental health.

Objective: To find a suitable ecological cultivation measure to solve the problem of root-knot nematode disease of Panax quinquefolium (Panacis Quinquefolii Radix) and the heavy metals accumulating in its roots. Methods: Three-year-old P. quinquefolium was treated with four different combinations of microbial inoculant (MI) and garbage fermentation liquid (GFL) [the joint application of ‘TuXiu’ MI and Fifty potassium MI (TF), the combination use of ‘No. 1′ MI and Fifty potassium MI (NF), ‘Gulefeng’ poly-γ-glutamic acid MI (PGA), GFL], and the untreated control (CK). Here, high-throughput sequencing, ICP-MS and UPLC were employed to systematically characterize changes of microbial diversity and structure composition, heavy metals (As, Cd and Pb) content and ginsenoside content among different treatments. Results: The results revealed that different MIs and GFL could increase the root dry weight of P. quinquefolium, PGA enhanced it by 83.24%, followed by GFL (49.93%), meanwhile, PGA and GFL were able to lessen root-knot nematode disease incidence by 57.25% and 64.35%. The treatment of PGA and GFL can also effectively reduce heavy metals in roots. The As content in GFL and PGA was decreased by 52.17% and 43.48% respectively, while the Cd and Pb contents of GFL and PGA was decreased somewhat. Additionally, the content of total ginsenosides was increased by 42.14% and 42.07%, in response to TF and NF, respectively. Our metagenomic analysis showed that the relative abundance of particular soil microbial community members related to the biocontrol of root-knot nematode disease and plant pathogen (i.e., Chaetomium in NF, Xylari in GFL, and Microascus in PGA), heavy metal bioremediation (Hyphomacrobium in PGA and Xylaria in GFL), and nitrogen fixation (Nordella and Nitrospira in TF) was significantly increased; notably, potential harmful microflora, such as Plectosaphaerella and Rhizobacter, were more abundant in the control group. Conclusion: MI and GFL could improve the quality of P. quinquefolium by modifying its rhizosphere microbial community structure and composition, both of them are beneficial to the development of ecological cultivation of P. quinquefolium.

Objective:To explore the nutritional risk status and related factors of elderly inpatients.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, 321 elderly stroke patients who were hospitalized in the neurology department of a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital from April to October 2018 were selected as the research objects for nutritional risk screening. Serum albumin (ALB) , serum prealbumin (PA) and other related nutritional indexes were recorded, and ADL, tooth, cognition, psychology and sleep of the patients were evaluated.Results:A total of 31.5% (101/321) of elderly stroke patients had nutritional risk. Among elderly stroke patients over 70 years old, 13.39% (43/321) had NRS-2002 ≥ 3 points. There were statistically significant differences in the incidence of nutritional risk among elderly stroke patients of different ages and degrees of dysphagia ( P<0.01) . Correlation analysis showed that the nutritional risk of elderly stroke patients was related to swallowing disorder, activity of daily living, intelligent mental state, and depression state ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The older the elderly stroke patients, the higher the incidence of nutritional risk. Age, dysphagia, activity of daily living, BMI, intelligent mental state and depression are related to nutritional status, which should be paid attention to by medical staff and timely nutritional intervention should be given.

Objective:To Analyze the status of HIV/AIDS antiviral treatment and influencing factors in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 2004-2017.Methods:Data were retrieved from the case reporting cards of Ningxia during the 2004-2017 through National HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System, descriptive and trend tests were used to analyze the trends and main characteristics of HIV/AIDS antiviral treatment over the years in Ningxia, and logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing the treatment coverage of this population.Results:Of the 1 365 cases, the ratio of male to female is 4.1∶1. The most of HIV/AIDS were young adults. The proportion of HIV/AIDS whose age were more than 60 years was maintained at 9%, while the proportion of cases less than 20 years increased from none to 5%. The majority of marital status was married/cohabitation, while the unmarried showed an increasing trend. The transmission route is mainly sexual transmission, and the trend of increase of homosexual sexual behavior is obvious. The average baseline CD4+ T lymphocyte count was 346.0 (251.0~564.0)/μl, All the HIV/AIDS cases developed symptoms of AIDS at the beginning of treatment in 2004-2008, decreased gradually from 2009 to 2017. Median of the interval between HIV confirmation and ART initiation was 1 months. Analysis of influencing factors of "Discovery and Treatment" showed that gender, age, route of transmission, clinical staging and CD4 cell result of patients were influencing factors, clinical staging III/IV was the risk factor of " discovery and treatment"Conclusions:There are many influencing factors for "Discovery and Treatment" of AIDS in Ningxia, among which clinical stage III/IV is a risk factor for the implementation of the "Discovery and Treatment" strategy; the population who received treatment tend to be younger; more precise intervention measures of "Prevention and Treatment" measures should be carried out among the different ages and different groups of people for anti-virus services.

Objective: To improve the understanding of rare anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) positive IgM monoclonal gammopathy related peripheral neuropathy (IgM-PN) . Methods: Eleven cases of IgM paraproteinemia and anti-MAG antibody positive neuropathy diagnosed since 2014 in Peking Medical Union College Hospital were summarized. The medical records including clinical manifestation, lab results, treatment and prognosis were analyzed. Results: Among the 11 patients (8 male and 3 female) , the median onset age is 63 years old (range from 52 to 77 years old) . The peripheral neuropathy of 9 patients were characterized by distal onset of numbness, 6 patients suffered from muscle weakness. The nerve conduction velocity study indicated that all 11 patients had demyelinating peripheral nerve damage, which was sensory predominant and more severe in lower limbs, 6 of them had secondary axonal damage. Monoclonal IgM gammopathy was identified in all 11 patients, among which 6 were IgM κ, 2 IgG κ and IgM κ bi-clonal, 3 IgM λ. Three patients were diagnosed with Waldenström’s macroglobulinaemia. The anti-MAG-IgM antibody was positive in all 11 cases. After diagnosis, 9 patients received combination chemotherapy including rituximab or rituximab treatment alone. The monoclonal IgM level declined significantly in 7 patients. The neuropathy was stable or improved. Conclusions Anti-MAG antibody positive IgM-PN is a rare M protein related disease. In peripheral neuropathy with undetermined etiology, we suggest to screen M protein and anti-MAG antibody. Chemotherapy including rituximab or rituximab alone is recommended as first-line therapy.

Objective To evaluate the role of Toll-like receptor 4 ( TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B ( NF-κB) signaling pathway in the development of postoperative chronic pain and the relationship with ex-pression of voltage-gated sodium channel 1. 7 (Nav 1. 7) in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of rats. Meth-ods Thirty-six clean-grade healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 9-11 weeks, weighing 200-250 g, were divided into 3 groups ( n=12 each) using a random number table method: control group ( group C) , normal saline group ( group NS) and TLR4 antagonist LPS-RS group ( group R) . Postoperative chronic pain was produced by skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR). From 1 day before SMIR to 10 days after SMIR, NS group received continuous intrathecal injection of normal saline 10μl, while R group received continuous intrathecal injection of LPS-RS 20μg/10μl. Six rats were randomly selected in each group, and the mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 day before SMIR and 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 days after SMIR. The 6 rats left in each group were sacrificed at day 10 after SMIR, and the DRGs of the lumbar seg-ment (L4,5) were removed for determination of the expression of phosphorylated NF-κB (p-NF-κB) and Nav 1. 7. Results Compared with group C, the mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 5-20 days after SMIR, and the expression of p-NF-κB and Nav1. 7 was up-regulated at 10 days after SMIR in group NS ( P＜0. 01) . Compared with group NA, the mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 5-20 days after SMIR, and the expression of p-NF-κB and Nav 1. 7 was down-regulated at 10 days after SMIR in group R (P＜0. 01). Conclusion Up-regulated expression of Nav1. 7 in DRGs after activating TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway is involved in the development of postoperative chronic pain in rats.

[Abstract] Objective: To explore the relationship between the preoperative blood indicators (platelets, monocytes, neutrophils-to-lymphocyte ratio) and clinicopathological characters and the prognosis of the early stage malignant melanoma（MM）patients. Methods: Clinicopathological data of 120 cases of stage I-III MM patients, who received initial treatment and radical operation in the Cancer Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from January 2007 to May 2012, were obtained for this study. The correlations between parameters of PLR (platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio), LMR (lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio), NLR (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio), hemoglobin, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, platelets, lactate dehydrogenase, age, stage as well as ulcer and the prognosis of the patients were evaluated. Results: Patients whose tumor with ulceration have higher NLR and basophilic granulocyte (all P< 0.05）. Univariate analysis showed that NLR, PLR, LMR, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, lactic dehydrogenase, age, stage and ulceration were the risk factors of poor 5-year overall survival (P<0.05). The multivariate analysis identified PLR（HR=4.206， 95%CI:1.65410.696， P<0.01），stage（HR=7.670， 95%CI:3.977-14.795， P<0.01）and ulceration（HR=1.931， 95%CI:1.029-3.623， P<0.05）as independent risk factors for the prognosis of the MM patients. Conclusion: Higher preoperative PLR can be used as a predictive factor for poor prognosis of the early stage MM patients.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of Catalyst system in patient positioning during breast cancer radiotherapy,and to analyze its correlation with age and body mass index (BMI).Methods Twenty-four patients with breast cancer who were admitted to our hospital from May to August,2016 were enrolled as subjects.For all patients,auxiliary positioning was made by the optical surface imaging system (CRad Catalyst) before each treatment.The kV-kV imaging was executed weekly to verify positioning.Age,BMI,and setup errors of the two systems in the anterior-posterior (AP),superior-inferior (SI),and left-fight (LR) directions were recorded and analyzed by independent samples t-test and Pearson correlation analysis.Results The C-Rad Catalyst system had a significantly larger setup error in the AP direction than the kV-kV imaging (0.22±0.17 vs.0.18±0.13 cm,P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in setup errors in the SI or LR direction between the two systems (0.23±0.18 vs.0.19±0.15 cm,P＞0.05;0.28±0.28 vs.0.20±0.15 cm,P＞ 0.05).Age and BMI of patients had significant impacts on the C-Rad Catalyst system but the kV-kV imaging (P＞0.05):there were significant differences in setup errors in the AP and SI directions between patients ≤44 years of age and those 45-59 years of age (all P＜0.05);there were significant differences in setup errors in the AP and LR directions between patients ≤44 years of age and those ≥60 years of age (all P＜0.05);there was a significant difference in setup error in the LR direction between patients 45-59 years of age and those ≥ 60 years of age (P＜0.05);there was a significant difference in setup error in the SI direction between patients with BMIs of＜ 25 and ≥ 25 kg/m2 (P＜ 0.05).For patients ≥ 60 years of age,setup error of the C-Rad Catalyst system in the SI direction was correlated with age (r=-0.496,P＜0.05).For patients with BMI of＜25 kg/m2,setup error of the C-Rad Catalyst system in the AP direction was correlated with BMI (r=-0.445,P＜ 0.05).For patients with a BMI of ≥ 25 kg/m2,setup error of the C-Rad Catalyst system in the SI direction was correlated with BMI (r=-0.252,P＜0.05).Conclusions There is significant difference in setup error in the AP direction between the C-Rad Catalyst system and the kV-kV imaging.Age and BMI have impacts on patient positioning by the C-Rad Catalyst system.

Fe3O4-grafted nitrogen-doped graphene (Fe3O4/N-G) nanomaterials were synthesized by chemical co-precipitation method, and its adsorption properties were discussed preliminarily.It was demonstrated that the adsorption of parachlormetaxylenol on Fe3O4/N-G was not limited to uniform monolayer adsorption and the adsorption kinetic followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic mode.Then, an ultrasound-assisted magnetic solid-phase extraction with Fe3O4/N-G as the magnetic adsorbent has been developed for the determination of four compounds including triclosan, chloroxylenol, hexachlorobenzene and 2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl in environmental water samples, in combination with gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry.Several factors related to extraction efficiencies, such as the amount of adsorbent, extraction time, sample pH and desorption conditions were investigated.The proposed preparation procedure was as follows: 6.0 mg of Fe3O4/N-G was dispersed into 100 mL of water sample under ultrasound.After 15 s, the Fe3O4/N-G carrying four compounds was separated from the water sample by an external magnetic field.Then, the targets were eluted from Fe3O4/N-G with 3 mL of ethanol and 2 mL of dichloromethane, sequentially.Finally, the eluent was dried under a mild stream of nitrogen and reconstituted with methanol and dichloromethane (1∶1, V/V) for the subsequent GC-MS/MS analysis.Under the optimized condition, an excellent linearity was observed in the range of 0.1-10 ng/L for the four compounds, with the correlation coefficients ranging from 0.9983 to 0.9999.The limits of detections (S/N=3) ranged from 0.05 to 0.6 ng/L and the limits of quantity (S/N=10) ranged from 0.2 to 2.4 ng/L.The mean recoveries at three spiked levels ranged from 68.2% to 99.6%.The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of intraday and interday were in the range of 3.3%-6.9% and 3.4%-9.4% (n=6), respectively.The proposed method was demonstrated to be simple and feasible for the trace analysis of antimicrobial agents and organochlorine contaminants in environmental water samples.